scholarly journals Pengaruh Pendapatan Perkapita, Suku Bunga, Populasi dan Zakat Terhadap Tingkat Konsumsi Rumah Tangga di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarkasi Zarkasi ◽  
Lidya Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Interest Rate

The phenomenon of consumption levels in Indonesia is an important concern today. This is suspected or proven by non-economic economic factors. In this study, the factors that become exogenous variables in the observation include per capita income, interest rates, population and zakat distribution. This analysis uses descriptive and associative methods to fully describe each variable and also the relationship between exogenous variables and endogenous variables in the form of consumption levels. The data used is in the form of a data panel with data crosses six times with observation time from 2013 to 2018. The results of this study indicate that partially per capita income, population and zakat have a positive and significant effect on the level of household consumption in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the interest rate has a negative and significant effect on the Household Consumption Level in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Fiscal Policy and Economic Recovery: The Case of the 1936 Veterans' Bonus

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua K. Hausman
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Consumption Survey

Conventional wisdom has it that in the 1930s fiscal policy did not work because it was not tried. This paper shows that fiscal policy was tried in 1936. The veterans' bonus of 1936 paid 2 percent of GDP to 3.2 million veterans; the typical veteran received a payment equal to per capita income. Multiple sources, including a household consumption survey, show that veterans spent the majority of their bonus. Point estimates of the MPC are between 0.6 and 0.75. Spending was concentrated on cars and housing in particular. (JEL E21, E32, E62, N32, N42)

scholarly journals PERILAKU DANA PIHAK KETIGA DALAM MERESPON PERUBAHAN VARIABEL EKONOMI MAKRO PADA BANK UMUM SWASTA NASIONAL (BUSN) PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR PERIODE 2000-2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Dhurotus Sangadah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Saving Deposit

The purpose of this reserach is to knowing of responbility of dependent variabel to exchange of makro economics variable at Excahage Commercial Bank province of East Java. The model analysis is Doubled Linear Regression with  employs the OLS (Ordinary Least Square) method. In this research will be used four regression with four dependent variables. In the equation model Saving Deposits, Demand Deposits, Tme Deposits, Third Party Funds are dependent variables and per capita income, interest rate, inflation are independent variables. Result of regression was showed that Saving Deposit more sensitive to respon change of inflations variable that showed by its probability is 0,0024. Time deposit moere sensitive to respon change of interest rates variable taht  showed by its probability was 0,0012. Per capita income  has same respon of all dependent variable that swowed by its probability was 0,0000

scholarly journals Impact of Global Food Price Escalation on Poverty in South Asian Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 543-559
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah ◽  
Rukhsana Kalim
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Price Escalation ◽  
Global Food

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of global food price escalation on poverty in South Asian countries since 1990 to 2011. Panel data procedure has been applied for empirical analysis. Panel unit root tests have been utilised before the application of panel co-integration. Poverty is measured through revealed behaviour approach which is considered better than other approaches, as it is based on the actual consumption made by the households. The present study uses actual average household consumption to measure poverty. Empirical results reveal that global food price escalation and per capita income positively and significantly affect average household consumption, which is the clear indication of poverty decline. International oil prices and interest rate significantly but negatively affect the average household consumption in South Asian countries. Findings of this study will be helpful for formulating effective public policies for poverty reduction in the era of trade liberalisation. JEL Classification: E31, F410, I32 Keywords: Food Price Escalation, Poverty, Oil Prices, Per Capita Income, South Asia

scholarly journals Dampak Bunga Tabungan, Pendapatan Perkapita, Inflasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Tabungan pada Credit Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Maran ◽  
Widya Dharma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Credit Union ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Savings are generally embedded and accumulated in the long term in a bank. Savings in this study are public deposits that accumulate in the long term and receive remuneration in the form of interest, which is popular among Credit Unions (CU) with the term deposit remuneration. Savings or deposits in CU need to be studied more deeply. Savings in CU is one solution to save for the poor, and do not have access to banking institutions. In this study, we want to know the impact of interest rates, Regional Gross Domestic Product (GRDP) growth per capita, inflation rates and economic growth on savings or deposits in CU, in West Kalimantan. This study uses the associative method with multiple linear analysis techniques, using secondary data, from 19 CUs in West Kalimantan, with a period of 2009 to 2019. Our results show that deposit interest rates, per capita income, inflation rates and economic growth simultaneously affect savings. or savings in CU, but the effect is very small. Partially, deposit interest rates, per capita income, inflation rates, and economic growth have no effect on the development of savings or deposits in CU in West Kalimantan.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

A Successful Population Policy: Potentials and Constraints (Distinguishedl Lecture)

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (4I) ◽  
pp. 411-431
Author(s):  
Hans-Rimbert Hemmer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Per Capita

The current rapid population growth in many developing countries is the result of an historical process in the course of which mortality rates have fallen significantly but birthrates have remained constant or fallen only slightly. Whereas, in industrial countries, the drop in mortality rates, triggered by improvements in nutrition and progress in medicine and hygiene, was a reaction to economic development, which ensured that despite the concomitant growth in population no economic difficulties arose (the gross national product (GNP) grew faster than the population so that per capita income (PCI) continued to rise), the drop in mortality rates to be observed in developing countries over the last 60 years has been the result of exogenous influences: to a large degree the developing countries have imported the advances made in industrial countries in the fields of medicine and hygiene. Thus, the drop in mortality rates has not been the product of economic development; rather, it has occurred in isolation from it, thereby leading to a rise in population unaccompanied by economic growth. Growth in GNP has not kept pace with population growth: as a result, per capita income in many developing countries has stagnated or fallen. Mortality rates in developing countries are still higher than those in industrial countries, but the gap is closing appreciably. Ultimately, this gap is not due to differences in medical or hygienic know-how but to economic bottlenecks (e.g. malnutrition, access to health services)

Income-Based Poverty among Non-Farm Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-210
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Service Category ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Per Capita

This paper focuses upon the magnitude of income-based poverty among non-farm households in rural Punjab. Based on the primary survey, a sample of 440 rural non-farm households were taken from 44 sampled villages located in all 22 districts of Punjab.The poverty was estimated on the basis of income level. For measuring poverty, various methods/criteria (Expert Group Criteria, World Bank Method and State Per Capita Income Criterion) were used. On the basis of Expert Group Income criterion, overall, less than one-third of the persons of rural non-farm household categories are observed to be poor. On the basis, 40 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, around three-fourth of the persons of all rural non-farm household categories are falling underneath poverty line. Similarly, the occurrence of the poverty, on the basis of 50 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, showed that nearly four-fifths of the persons are considered to be poor. As per World Bank’s $ 1.90 per day, overall, less than one-fifth of rural non-farm household persons are poor. Slightly, less than one-fourth of the persons are belonging to self-employment category, while, slightly, less than one-tenth falling in-service category. On the basis of $ 3.10 per day criteria, overall, less than two-fifth persons of all rural non-farm household categories were living below the poverty line.

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