scholarly journals SlSTE1 promotes ABA-dependent salt stress-responsive pathways via improving ion homeostasis and ROS scavenging in tomato

Authorea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Meng ◽  
Jing Cai ◽  
Lei Deng ◽  
Ge Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Ros Scavenging

scholarly journals The Biochemical Mechanisms of Salt Tolerance in Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Armando Massange-Sánchez ◽  
Carla Vanessa Sánchez-Hernández ◽  
Rosalba Mireya Hernández-Herrera ◽  
Paola Andrea Palmeros-Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes

Salinity is one of the most severe environmental problems worldwide and affects plant growth, reproduction, and crop yields by inducing physiological and biochemical changes due to osmotic and ionic shifts in plant cells. One of the principal modifications caused by osmotic stress is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause membrane damage and alter proteins, DNA structures, and photosynthetic processes. In response, plants increase their arsenal of antioxidant compounds, such as ROS scavenging enzymes and nonenzymatic elements like ascorbate, glutathione, flavonoids, tocopherols, and carotenoids, and their rates of osmolyte synthesis to conserve ion homeostasis and manage salt stress. This chapter describes the principal biochemical mechanisms that are employed by plants to survive under salt-stress conditions, including the most recent research regarding plant tolerance, and suggests strategies to produce valuable crops that are able to deal with soil salinity.

A barley mutant with improved salt tolerance through ion homeostasis and ROS scavenging under salt stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Kiani ◽  
Hassan Soltanloo ◽  
Seyyede Sanaz Ramezanpour ◽  
Ali Asghar Nasrolahnezhad Qumi ◽  
Ahad Yamchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Barley Mutant

scholarly journals A Review on Plant Responses to Salt Stress and Their Mechanisms of Salt Resistance

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Shanhu Hao ◽  
Yiran Wang ◽  
Yunxiu Yan ◽  
Yuhang Liu ◽  
Jingyao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms

Nowadays, crop insufficiency resulting from soil salinization is threatening the world. On the basis that soil salinization has become a worldwide problem, studying the mechanisms of plant salt tolerance is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve crop yield, to cultivate new salt-tolerant varieties, and to make full use of saline land. Based on previous studies, this paper reviews the damage of salt stress to plants, including suppression of photosynthesis, disturbance of ion homeostasis, and membrane peroxidation. We have also summarized the physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and osmotic adjustment. Four main stress-related signaling pathways, salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway, calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathway, and abscisic acid (ABA) pathway, are included. We have also enumerated some salt stress-responsive genes that correspond to physiological mechanisms. In the end, we have outlined the present approaches and techniques to improve salt tolerance of plants. All in all, we reviewed those aspects above, in the hope of providing valuable background knowledge for the future cultivation of agricultural and forestry plants.

scholarly journals Exogenous application of xanthine and uric acid and nucleobase-ascorbate transporter MdNAT7 expression regulate salinity tolerance in apple

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Sun ◽  
Tingting Pei ◽  
Lulu Yang ◽  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Mingjun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Global Agriculture ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity ◽  
Transgenic Apple

Abstract Background Soil salinity is a critical threat to global agriculture. In plants, the accumulation of xanthine activates xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), which catalyses the oxidation/conversion of xanthine to uric acid to remove excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). The nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (NAT) family is also known as the nucleobase-cation symporter (NCS) or AzgA-like family. NAT is known to transport xanthine and uric acid in plants. The expression of MdNAT is influenced by salinity stress in apple. Results In this study, we discovered that exogenous application of xanthine and uric acid enhanced the resistance of apple plants to salinity stress. In addition, MdNAT7 overexpression transgenic apple plants showed enhanced xanthine and uric acid concentrations and improved tolerance to salinity stress compared with nontransgenic plants, while opposite phenotypes were observed for MdNAT7 RNAi plants. These differences were probably due to the enhancement or impairment of ROS scavenging and ion homeostasis abilities. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that xanthine and uric acid have potential uses in salt stress alleviation, and MdNAT7 can be utilized as a candidate gene to engineer resistance to salt stress in plants.

scholarly journals Down-Regulation of SlGRAS10 in Tomato Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Sidra Habib ◽  
Yee Yee Lwin ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Down Regulation

Adverse environmental factors like salt stress, drought, and extreme temperatures, cause damage to plant growth, development, and crop yield. GRAS transcription factors (TFs) have numerous functions in biological processes. Some studies have reported that the GRAS protein family plays significant functions in plant growth and development under abiotic stresses. In this study, we demonstrated the functional characterization of a tomato SlGRAS10 gene under abiotic stresses such as salt stress and drought. Down-regulation of SlGRAS10 by RNA interference (RNAi) produced dwarf plants with smaller leaves, internode lengths, and enhanced flavonoid accumulation. We studied the effects of abiotic stresses on RNAi and wild-type (WT) plants. Moreover, SlGRAS10-RNAi plants were more tolerant to abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and Abscisic acid) than the WT plants. Down-regulation of SlGRAS10 significantly enhanced the expressions of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to reduce the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O2− and H2O2. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents were remarkably high in SlGRAS10-RNAi plants. Furthermore, the expression levels of chlorophyll biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and stress-related genes were also enhanced under abiotic stress conditions. Collectively, our conclusions emphasized the significant function of SlGRAS10 as a stress tolerate transcription factor in a certain variety of abiotic stress tolerance by enhancing osmotic potential, flavonoid biosynthesis, and ROS scavenging system in the tomato plant.

Ion homeostasis during salt stress in plants

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Serrano ◽  
Alonso Rodriguez-Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Ion Homeostasis

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Exogenous Putrescine in the Response of Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis) to Salt Stress

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xiong ◽  
Jieren Liao ◽  
Yuanchun Ma ◽  
Yuhua Wang ◽  
Wanping Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Tea Plants

Camellia sinensis cultivars were treated with 5 mm putrescine (Put) under a range of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. Plant performance, as indicated by various indicators associated with plant growing condition such as photosynthetic parameters and polyamine (PA) contents, especially the content of Put, was improved by the treatment. The extent of both Na+ accumulation and K+ loss increased. The activity levels of the antioxidant enzymes related to salt stress, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase, were significantly altered with different salt stress levels and showed a decrease in the general trend. Besides, tea polyphenols, the tea quality indicator, increased during the salinity treatment but decreased when we applied Put. These findings suggest that treatment with Put might constitute an effective means for alleviating salinity stress–induced injury through its positive effect on photosynthetic efficiency and for controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability under appropriate salt stress levels.

scholarly journals Supplemental Selenium and Boron Mitigate Salt-Induced Oxidative Damages in Glycine max L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2224
Author(s):  
Mira Rahman ◽  
Khussboo Rahman ◽  
Khadeja Sultana Sathi ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Different Levels

The present investigation was executed with an aim to evaluate the role of exogenous selenium (Se) and boron (B) in mitigating different levels of salt stress by enhancing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in soybean. Plants were treated with 0, 150, 300 and 450 mM NaCl at 20 days after sowing (DAS). Foliar application of Se (50 µM Na2SeO4) and B (1 mM H3BO3) was accomplished individually and in combined (Se+B) at three-day intervals, at 16, 20, 24 and 28 DAS under non-saline and saline conditions. Salt stress adversely affected the growth parameters. In salt-treated plants, proline content and oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content were increased with the increment of salt concentration but the relative water content decreased. Due to salt stress catalase (CAT), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) activity decreased. However, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) increased under salt stress. On the contrary, supplementation of Se, B and Se+B enhanced the activities of APX, MDHAR, DHAR, GR, CAT, GPX, GST, POD, Gly I and Gly II which consequently diminished the H2O2 content and MDA content under salt stress, and also improved the growth parameters. The results reflected that exogenous Se, B and Se+B enhanced the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant defense system as well as the glyoxalase systems under different levels of salt stress, ultimately alleviated the salt-induced oxidative stress, among them Se+B was more effective than a single treatment.

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