scholarly journals Present situation, capacities and prospects of development of poultry production in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Milosevic ◽  
Z. Pavlovski ◽  
L. Peric
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Ownership Transformation

The paper gives review of the present situation, capacities and prospects of poultry production in Republic of Serbia. It was concluded that poultry production in the period 1990-2000 was mainly in stagnation. From maximum production of meat of 13,2 kg per capita in 1989, it dropped to under 6 kg in 1994, and production of eggs, from 230 eggs per capita in 1989 to 109 eggs in 1995. Also, reasons are stated for such poor condition, introduction of economic sanctions, transition processes and decline in the standard of living of the population. Beginning of the recovery of poultry production starts in 2000, when conditions and situation in Serbia changed: the ownership transformation of companies was carried out, sanctions were lifted and inflow of foreign credits to our country began. Recovery is very slow and predictions are that this branch of economy will be fully recovered and revitalized in 2020, when it will be sufficiently efficient to be competitive on markets of EU developed countries. Expectations are realistic provided that objective and subjective difficulties are overcome, because natural resources for development of poultry breeding exist, to provide enough products for domestic population, but also for export and especially of products deriving from alternative production systems.

scholarly journals Sustainable pig and poultry nutrition by improvement of nutrient utilisation – A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Schedle
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
World Population ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation ◽  
Poultry Nutrition

SummaryIn the context of mismanagement of natural resources going with an increasing consumption of protein from animal origin through the world population, one major challenge for the future in animal nutrition is the improvement of its efficiency and hence sustainability. Up to now, a broad range of methods like feed additives or technological treatments have been available to improve the efficiency or the production of pig-derived and poultry-derived food and hence the sustainability in pig and poultry nutrition. Nevertheless, the exact knowledge of the mode of action of these tools is a prerequisite for their successful application. Furthermore, information concerning their impact on the nutrient availability of the different feedstuffs is of great importance, in order to formulate diets that cover the animals’ requirements. Diets covering the animals’ performance level ovoid undersupplies, which can lead to health problems on the on hand, on the other hand the emissions of nitrogen are kept as low as possible.As a result, the consumption of natural resources like grains can be considerably reduced and the substitution of regional by-products from the feed and food processing industry like wheat bran, dried distillers grains with solubles or rapeseed meal can be dramatically enhanced in diets for monogastric animals, thus contributing to more sustainable livestock production. By improving the efficiency of the production of animal-derived food, the term “sustainable’’ remains highly significant. Increasing efficiency plays an important role in ensuring that the resources required for pig and poultry nutrition are foreseeably available. Currently, there is a combination of different tools like feed additives or technological feed treatments the most promising way of improving sustainability in pig and poultry production systems.

Campylobactercolonization in poultry: sources of infection and modes of transmission

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Sahin ◽  
Teresa Y. Morishita ◽  
Qijing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Human Infections

AbstractSince its recognition as a human pathogen in the early 1970s,Campylobacter jejunihas now emerged as the leading bacterial cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in developed countries. Poultry, particularly chickens, account for the majority of human infections caused byCampylobacter. Reduction or elimination of this pathogen in the poultry reservoir is an essential step in minimizing the public health problem; however, farm-based intervention measures are still not available because of the lack of understanding of the ecological aspects ofC. jejunion poultry farms. AlthoughCampylobacteris highly prevalent in poultry production systems, how poultry flocks become infected with this organism is still unknown. Many investigations indicate that horizontal transmission from environmental sources is the primary route of flock infections byCampylobacter. However, some recent studies also suggest the possibility of vertical transmission from breeder to progeny flocks. The transmission of the organism is not well understood, but it is likely to be through both vertical and horizontal transmission and may be affected by the immune status of the poultry host and the environmental conditions in the production system. Intervention strategies forCampylobacterinfection in poultry should consider the complex nature of its transmission and may require the use of multiple approaches that target different segments of the poultry production system.

scholarly journals Benin’de Kanatlı Hayvan Etinin Üretimi ve Tüketimi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1754
Author(s):  
Foudelou Issaka Ibrahima
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Capita Income Growth

In this article, the production and consumption values of poultry meat are discussed in order to evaluate the entrepreneurial opportunities in the poultry meat production sector. In addition, the annual import of meat and its economic value were also examined. For this purpose, INSAE, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAEP) and FAO reports were reviewed. In addition, some data from similar articles published on this subject have been used. As a result of this review, it can be said that food products and consumption patterns are changing due to the per capita income growth and the expansion of food options. In Benin, food products and consumption patterns are changing due to the growth of income and the expansion of food choice options. Therefore, per capita meat consumption increased and reached 25.2 kg in 2013. However, according to the average of the world meat consumption in 2013 (43.22 kg / person / year) this amount is very low. In general, 21% of the meat produced in Benin consists of poultry meat. National poultry breeding does not meet the rising demand for meat. The part of local production in consumption decreased significantly from 2005 to 2013 (from 21% to 6%). 98% of the total meat imported to Benin is composed by poultry meat (chicken and turkey meat). From 2010 to 2016, the average of imported poultry meat value is $216,358 million and this situation causes loss of currency. Considering the available data, investment opportunities for poultry production in Benin should be evaluated. In addition, there are significant shortcomings in the field of food safety and the provision. The development of the needs in this sector includes entrepreneurship opportunities.

Did Japan Ever Suffer From a Shortage of Natural Resources Before World War II?

1996 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasukichi Yasuba
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
General Public ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
World War ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Military

Until the end of the nineteenth century, Japan raised its per capita income, starting from a low level, by exporting primary commodities and importing manufactured goods. Around the turn of the century, Japan became a net importer of natural resources. Yet it is doubtful that Japan ever suffered severely from a shortage of natural resources before the Manchurian Incident of 1931. It was the military expansion in the 1930s that created an artificial shortage of mineral resources, the wholesale exodus of population, and a lowering in the standard of living of the general public.

International differences in labor productivity: Role of capital, technological level and resource rent

2016 ◽  
pp. 67-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zaytsev
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Rent ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
Gdp Gap ◽  
Productivity Gap

Using level accounting methodology this article examines sources of per capita GDP and labor productivity differences between Russia and developed and developing countries. It considers the role played by the following determinants in per capita GDP gap: per hour labor productivity, number of hours worked per worker and labor-population ratio. It is shown that labor productivity difference is the main reason of Russia’s lagging behind. Factors of Russia’s low labor productivity are then estimated. It is found that 33-39% of 2.5-5-times labor productivity gap (estimated for non-oil sector) between Russia and developed countries (US, Canada, Germany, Norway) is explained by lower capital-to-labor ratio and the latter 58-65% of the gap is due to lower technological level (multifactor productivity). Human capital level in Russia is almost the same as in developed countries, so it explains only 2-4% of labor productivity gap.

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

Australia—The Hidden Jewel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh K. Joshi ◽  
J.R. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Disease

The twenty-first century is being touted as the Asian century. With its stable economy, good governance, education system, and above all the abundant natural resources, will Australia to take its place in the global economy by becoming more entrepreneurial and accelerating its rate of growth, or will it get infected with the so-called Dutch disease? It has been successful in managing trade ties with fast-developing economies like China and India as well as developed countries like the United States. It has participated in the growth of China by providing iron ore and coal. Because it is a low-risk country, it has enabled inflow of large foreign capital investments. A lot will depend on its capability and willingness to invest the capital available in entrepreneurial ventures, its ability to capture the full value chain of natural resources, and to export the finished products instead of raw materials, while building a robust manufacturing sector.

scholarly journals Less than half of the European dietary recommendations for fish consumption are satisfied by national seafood supplies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Lofstedt ◽  
Baukje de Roos ◽  
Paul G. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
National Level ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Purpose To review the seafood dietary recommendations of European countries and compare them to national seafood supplies. Methods Current seafood dietary recommendations were collated from national health authorities across Europe. Food balance sheets were downloaded from the FAO, and appropriate conversion factors were applied to each seafood commodity. Average net per capita seafood supplies from 2007 to 2017 were derived from data on imports and production for food from both capture fisheries and aquaculture, accounting for exports. Results Both national dietary recommendations and seafood supplies varied considerably throughout Europe. At a national level, on a per capita basis, only 13 out of the 31 of European dietary recommendations for fish consumption were satisfied by national seafood supplies. Most of the countries with coastal access, as well as those with traditional fish-eating cultures, such as France and countries in Northern Europe, had adequate seafood supplies to meet their recommendations. The landlocked countries of Central and Eastern Europe did not have enough seafood supplies to satisfy their recommendations. Conclusions Our findings emphasise the need to not only consider consumer health outcomes when developing and advocating dietary recommendations, but also the sustainability of food production systems. As many foods are not necessarily locally sourced but traded as part of global production and distribution systems, it is important to consider greater consistency between national dietary recommendations to facilitate more sustainable marine food systems.

scholarly journals Pretreatment with probiotics ameliorate gut health and necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens, a substitute to antibiotics

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danish Sharafat Rajput ◽  
Dong Zeng ◽  
Abdul Khalique ◽  
Samia Sharafat Rajput ◽  
Hesong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Microbial Strains

AbstractNecrotic enteritis (NE) is being considered as one of the most important intestinal diseases in the recent poultry production systems, which causes huge economic losses globally. NE is caused by Clostridium perfringens, a pathogenic bacterium, and normal resident of the intestinal microflora of healthy broiler chickens. Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chicken is considered as the most integral part of pathogen’s entrance, their production and disease prevention. Interaction between C. perfringens and other pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella present in the small intestine may contribute to the development of NE in broiler chickens. The antibiotic therapy was used to treat the NE; however European Union has imposed a strict ban due to the negative implications of drug resistance. Moreover, antibiotic growth promoters cause adverse effects on human health as results of withdrawal of antibiotic residues in the chicken meat. After restriction on use of antibiotics, numerous studies have been carried out to investigate the alternatives to antibiotics for controlling NE. Thus, possible alternatives to prevent NE are bio-therapeutic agents (Probiotics), prebiotics, organic acids and essential oils which help in nutrients digestion, immunity enhancement and overall broiler performance. Recently, probiotics are extensively used alternatives to antibiotics for improving host health status and making them efficient in production. The aim of review is to describe a replacement to antibiotics by using different microbial strains as probiotics such as bacteria and yeasts etc. having bacteriostatic properties which inhibit growth of pathogens and neutralize the toxins by different modes of action.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Potential Applications for Alternative Poultry Production Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 101156
Author(s):  
Rim El Jeni ◽  
Dana K. Dittoe ◽  
Elena G. Olson ◽  
Jeferson Lourenco ◽  
Nicolae Corcionivoschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Potential Applications
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