scholarly journals Influence of modified incubation factors on carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1621-1627
Author(s):  
S. Stojanovic ◽  
Z. Kanacki ◽  
G. Uscebrka ◽  
D. Zikic
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Analysis Of Results

Incubation factors have a great influence on embryonic and postnatal development of broiler chickens. The aim of changing of incubation factors is to obtain the best possible production characteristics of broilers. In previous studies, it was determined that the application of monochromatic green light and thermal conditioning during incubation give the most satisfactory results on the postnatal development of chickens. This paper examines the effects of green monochromatic light and thermal conditioning during incubation on the carcass characteristics of broilers. In this paper four experimental groups were set. The first group was incubated under the standard conditions (37.8 ? C, no light). In the second group incubation temperature were increased, while in the third group incubation was carried out under green monochromatic light. In the fourth group temperature and light conditions of incubation were changed simultaneously. In all groups, changes of incubation factors were made at precisely defined time intervals. After hatching, chickens were grown up to day 42, when they were sacrificed and their carcass characteristics examined. Analysis of results showed that all treated groups have significant higher body weight, weight of drumsticks, thighs and toes. The fourth group have significant higher weight of breasts and wings compared to control group. These results are explained by the influence of the temperature and light changes during incubation on the increased proliferation of myoblasts, the growth of skeletal muscle cells, and the activity of satellite cells, which are reflected in changes of carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals The effect of modification of incubation factors on the quality of broiler chickens meat

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611
Author(s):  
Z. Kanacki ◽  
S. Stojanovic ◽  
G. Uscebrka ◽  
D. Zikic
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
Lighting Intensity

Embryonic stage of development, in conditions of intensive broiler production, is a period in which the dynamics of postnatal development and the productive performance can be affected significantly. Green monochromatic light and thermal conditioning are the most commonly used treatments that have given satisfactory results in postnatal development. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of these treatments on meat quality of broiler chickens. Our study is based on the four experimental groups (control and three different treatments). Each group was incubated in separate incubator with 80 eggs, with controlled incubation parameters (temperature, humidity, ventilation). The control group was incubated under standard conditions (37.8 ?C, without light). The first treatment consisted of thermal conditioning (raising the temperature to 39,8 ?C for 3 h on 16th, 17th and 18th day of incubation). Another treatment consisted of lighting a green monochrome light (diffused LED lighting intensity of 0.1 W/m2) from 5th until 14th day of incubation, in the intermittent mode (15 min. light, 15 min. darkness), and from 15th day of incubation under constant light regime. The third treatment was a combination of first two treatments, with the temperature and lighting changed by these regimes. Our results indicate a significantly higher average body weight, protein content in meat, and less progressive loss of moisture (drip loss) in all treated groups. The applied treatments had no effect on mortality, conversion, or the content of fat and ash in meat. The results also indicate a significant synergistic effects achieved by the simultaneous application of both treatments.

scholarly journals The effects of thermal and light exposure on the development of broiler chicken leg musculature

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1547-1557
Author(s):  
S. Stojanovic ◽  
D. Zikic ◽  
Z. Kanacki ◽  
V. Ajdzanovic ◽  
Verica Milosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leg Muscles

Modified incubation factors affect skeletal musculature development of broiler chickens during embryonic and postnatal periods of development. These changes appear to have great influence on the proliferation of myoblasts and muscle growth after hatching. In this study, the histomorphological and -morphometric parameters of broiler chicken leg musculature, after thermal and light treatments during embryogenesis, were examined. The applied treatments included thermal manipulation (exposure of fertilized eggs to increased temperature), light manipulation (exposure of fertilized eggs to monochromatic green light) and simultaneous thermal and light manipulations. Following the specific parameters that were observed, it was determined that in the late postnatal period of development, treated groups have a larger diameter and smaller nucleocytoplasmic ratio of muscle cells compared to those of the control group, in which fertilized eggs were incubated at a constant temperature of 37.8?C, without light. Diameter was increased by 4.20%, 3.77% and 4.55% on day 42 after hatching in thermal, light and combined thermal and light treated groups, respectively, compared to the control. The nucleocytoplasmic ratio was increased by 37.5% on day 42 after hatching in the control group compared to all treated groups. The volume density of the muscle connective tissue was approximately at the same level between the groups. It can be concluded that thermal and light treatments stimulate the proliferation of myoblasts and enhance development and growth of leg muscles in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Haematological, serum and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken fed `graded levels of Garcinia kola (Bitter kola) used as phytobiotic

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
R. A. Sobayo ◽  
O. A. Adeyemi ◽  
A. O. Oso ◽  
A. O. Fafiolu ◽  
J. O. Daramola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Mean Values

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Garcinia Kola (Bitter Kola) used as phytobiotic or herbal natural additives on biochemical and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Five diets with different levels of inclusion of the kola were fed to a total of 150 Marshal day- old broilers. There were three replicates of ten birds per replicate. The five diets were made of control diet; diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 had 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm and 2000ppm of G. Kola respectively. The feeding trial lasted for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using completely randomized design. The results of haematological parameters examined show that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in all the haematological indices measured, the values however, did not follow any particular pattern. Highest haemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cells (RBC) values were recorded for birds on 1500ppm compared to other birds with values ranging between 8.40-10.00, 25.00-29.50 and 2.47- 2.77 for Hb, PCV and RBC respectively. The least haemoglobin and PCV values were recorded in diet containing 2000ppm. Dietary supplementation of G. kola revealed significant (P<0.05) effects in the values of albumin and serum aspartate aminotransferase (SAST) with fluctuating values. The albumin level increased from 0ppm to 1500ppm G. kola inclusion levels and later dropped at 2000ppm inclusion level. Birds fed bitter kola had higher values SAST than the control group. Results of carcass analysis study revealed significant (P<0.05) differences in the values obtained for live weight, dressed weight and dressing percentage. Birds fed with 0ppm of Garcinia kola had the highest live weight (2066.70g) while those on 1500ppm had the lowest. The same trend was observed in the mean values obtained for dressed weight. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) for all the organ weights observed except kidney which was found to show improvement with increased bitter kola level. It was concluded that dietary supplementation of broiler chicken with bitter kola produced haematological and carcass results that did not follow any definite pattern.

scholarly journals The effects of in ovo feeding of glutamine in broiler breeder eggs on hatchability, development of the gastrointestinal tract, growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Salmanzadeh ◽  
Yahya Ebrahimnezhad ◽  
Habib Aghdam Shahryar ◽  
Jamshid Ghiasi Ghaleh-Kandi
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
In Ovo Feeding

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of in ovo feeding (IOF) of glutamine on hatchability, development of the gastrointestinal tract, growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Fertilized eggs were subjected to injections with glutamine (Gln) (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 mg dissolved in 0.5 mL of dionized water) on day 7 of incubation. Hatchability, growth performance, carcass characteristics (carcass weight and relative weights of breast, thigh, heart, liver, gizzard, abdominal fat, intestine, pancreas and spleen) and jejunal morphometry (measurement of villus height and width and crypt depth) were determined during the experiment. The weight of newly hatched chickens was significantly greater in groups with Gln injection than in control and sham groups. But IOF caused lower hatchability than in the control group (non-injected eggs) (p < 0.05). Chickens from IOF of Gln showed better weight gain and feed conversion ratio (0–42 days of age), when compared to chickens hatched from control and sham groups. The IOF of Gln significantly increased villus height, villus width and crypt depth at hatch period and villus height at 42 days of age. In addition, carcass weights and relative weights of breast, thigh and gizzard were also markedly increased in chickens treated in ovo with Gln; whereas heart, liver, abdominal fat, intestine, pancreas and spleen were not significantly altered at the end of the experimental period. These data suggest that the IOF of Gln may improve jejunum development, leading to an increased nutrient assimilation and consequently to greater performance in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effects of perch availability on performance, carcass characteristics, and footpad lesions in broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kiyma ◽  
K. Küçükyılmaz ◽  
A. Orojpour
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Meat Color ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract. In the modern broiler industry, solutions are still being sought to improve conditions or eliminate problems related to issues such as animal welfare, health, and meat quality brought by intensive production systems. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to study effects of perching on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and footpad lesions (FPLs) in broiler chickens. A total of 300 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were distributed into control and perch groups with three replicates including equal numbers of males and females. The perch group contained two single perches in each pen. Analysis of camera records revealed that on average 7.36 % of the birds using perches. Perch use did not have any effect on growth performance (P  >  0.05), but had a positive effect on FPLs (P  <  0.001). Carcass yield and proportions of carcass parts were not affected by perch availability (P  >  0.05). Thigh and breast meat color was less yellow (P  <  0.005) in the perch group compared to the control group, where breast meat color was more red (P  <  0.01). Birds in the perch group had brighter breast meat (P  <  0.001). The weight of livers in the perch group was lower than in the control group (P  <  0.01). These findings suggest that perch use has positive effect on FPLs. The reduction of redness in the breast could indicate that perch use may have a positive effect on breast inflammation. The potential positive effects of adapting perch use to intensive conditions should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Effects of antibiotic replacement with garlic powder and probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, oxidative enzymes and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48734
Author(s):  
Abdolhadi Rastad
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Probiotic Group ◽  
Garlic Powder

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotic and garlic powder instead of antibiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, oxidative enzymes and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 200 one-day-old male broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design. The experimental groups were including control group (without any additives) or CG, antibiotic group or AG, garlic powder group or GG, probiotic group or PG and garlic powder plus probiotic group or GPG. The broilers were weighted at the end of days 10, 24 and 42 to evaluate the body performance. At the end of experiment, four broilers randomly selected from each replicate to blood sampling and carcass traits measurement (2 chickens for each one). The use of GG significantly decreased feed intake than AG (p < 0.05) which approved in GPG when probiotic added to GG (p < 0.05). All groups, exception GG showed less feed intake than CG between days 0 to 42 of experiment (p < 0.05). GPG shows significant differences than CG between days 21 to 42 and 0 to 42 and also than GG between days 0 to 42. The use of GG and GPG significantly increased liver enzyme activities (p < 0.05). AG, PG and GPG showed a higher height and width villi than CG. So simultaneous use of probiotic and garlic powder can be a suitable alternative to antibiotics to normal performance and liver function

scholarly journals Effect of probiotic and fisetin supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and small intestinal morphology in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Victory Osirimade Sumanu ◽  
Tagang Aluwong ◽  
Joseph Olusegun Ayo ◽  
Ngozi Ejum Ogbuagu
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract We studied the dietary effects of probiotic and fisetin supplementation on performance parameters, carcass characteristics and small intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Sixty (one-day-old) Arbo Acre breed of broiler chickens were allotted into 4 groups of 15 each randomly: Group I, Control was administered only distilled water; Group II, fisetin (5 mg/kg); Group III, probiotic (4.125×106 cfu/100 mL); and Group IV, probiotic and fisetin (4.125×106 cfu/100 mL and 5 mg/kg, respectively) for the first one week of life. All administrations were performed orally through gavage. Broiler chickens supplemented with probiotic and probiotic+fisetin had greater feed intake significantly (P<0.05) at weeks 5 and 6, when compared respectively with those of the control and fisetin groups which had lesser feed intake values. Body weight gain was of great significance (P<0.05) in the probiotic-supplemented broiler chickens, while that of the control was less. Carcass quality of the probiotic-supplemented group was higher in significance (P<0.05) than any other treatment group which had lower qualities. The pH changes in the breast muscle was lesser significantly (P<0.05) in the probiotic+fisetin group, when compared with those of the control group which had greater changes. The villus height/crypt height ratio was higher in significance (P<0.05) in the treatment groups, while that of the control group was lower. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of probiotic may enhance broiler chickens’ productivity, by improving performance, carcass weight, pH, and small intestinal morphology as compared to fisetin supplementation.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers fed on earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
L. J. JANKOVIĆ ◽  
B. PETRUJKIĆ ◽  
N. ALEKSIĆ ◽  
M. VUČINIĆ ◽  
R. TEODOROVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Lumbricus Rubellus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Ad Libitum

The aim of the research was to evaluate the carcass characteristics and meat quality from chickens fed on diets in which fish meal was substituted with raw earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) or earthworm meal. In the trial which lasted 42-days, 100 one-day-old Hybro broilers were divided into the control and three experimental groups. The control group was fed on standard broiler feed, the first (E-I) and the second experimental groups (E-II) were fed a diet in which 50% or 100% of fish meal was substituted with earthworm meal, respectively, whilst the third group (E-III) consumed feed without fish meal, but was given raw chopped earthworms ad libitum from day 1 to day 42. The replacement of fish meal with fresh earthworms resulted in significantly lower carcass weights in the E-III group in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). The differences in drumstick, thigh and breast meat share relative to the carcass mass were not significant (p>0.05). The lowest fat content in thigh and breast meat was in the group in which fish meal was replaced with earthworm meal. The lightness (L*) of thigh and breast meat was highest in the broilers fed fresh earthworms ad libitum. No significant differences in pH value were detected between the experimental groups (p>0.05). The most consumer acceptable were drumstick samples from E-II group and the least acceptable samples from the control group. Earthworm meal may be considered an adequate substitute for fish meal in broiler chickens’ diet since it does not impair the production performance, carcass yield and meat quality.

scholarly journals Effect of Probiotics on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Broilers at Farmer’s Door

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hemant Kumar ◽  
Shikha Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Group B

Aims: An experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative efficacy of two probiotics of different origins (yeast and bacterial based) on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers chicken. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Purnea between January, 2020 to March, 2020. Methods: Two hundred and forty, day old chicks were kept and were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) and each group had 2 replicates of 20 chicks. Four (A, B, C and D) iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous (ME 3000 kcal/ kg and CP 21.56%) broiler starter and finisher (ME 3000 kcal/ kg and CP 18.75%) diets were formulated containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus toyoi and mixture of both @ 0.2% except group A which was control. Birds were raised for first week on commercial diet. Broiler starter and finisher diets were fed from 8-28 and 29-42 days, respectively. Results: A significant (P<0.05) effect was observed on overall performance of the birds fed diet containing probiotics. Probiotics in feed at 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation improved body weight gain (+12.7%), feed intake (3.8%) and feed conversion efficiency (-8.7%) compared with the control diet. Among groups, no significant differences were observed in carcass traits but highest dressing percentage was recorded in group-B followed by group-C than group-D and lowest in control group. Conclusion: The result indicated that the addition of probiotics in feed containing 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae improved broiler growth performances and it is beneficial to be used as supplement in feed of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of Supplementing Different Levels of Okra Seed (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Powder on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Parameters and Gut Microbial Populations in Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Rabia J. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Different Levels

A study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seed powder (OSP) in diets on performance, carcass characteristics, some blood parameters, and gut microbial populations in broiler chickens. For the present experiment, 216 day old chicks were randomly divided into four groups, each group consisting three replicates of 18 chicks in a completely randomized design. Four diets were formulated with diet 1 as the basal diet (control), while 2, 3, and 4 were supplemented with OSP at 1, 2 and 4 %, respectively. The results revealed that the highest final live body weight, accumulative weight gain, and better feed conversion ratio was achieved in birds fed with 1 or 2 % of OSP. Feed intake and carcass characteristics were similar among groups. The highest relative weight of the spleen and cecum was observed in the control group, while the lowest value was observed in birds fed with 4% and 2% OSP, respectively. The longest length of the gastrointestinal tract was seen in 2% OSP compared to other groups. Serum cholesterol and ALT activity were decreased as compared to control diets. The group fed with 2 % OSP showed higher albumin levels compared to those fed with 1% of OSP. The population of total bacteria and Escherichia coli in jejunum digesta of OSP supplemented broiler chickens was reduced, meanwhile, there was an increased in lactic acid bacteria counts as compared to control. Therefore, 1 and 2 % okra seed powder in the diet of broiler chickens was able to improve the growth performance.

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