scholarly journals Physical activity and bone turnover in women with osteopenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 875-883
Author(s):  
Dusan Peric ◽  
Branka Kovacev-Zavisic ◽  
Bojan Medjedovic ◽  
Romana Romanov ◽  
Zlatko Ahmetovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Background/Aim. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton characterized by a decrease in bone mass and changes in the bone structure. An increased tendency of the bone tissue for fractures occurs as a consequence of these changes. The initial phase of physiological aging of the bones that gradually leads to osteoporosis is osteopenia. This paper tracks the effects of a specific kind of physical exercise program in women with osteopenia. The aim was to quantify the impact of this program on: the concentration of bone metabolism blood markers, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and physical dimensions. Methods. The sample consisted of 26 women in postmenopause (age 46?58) divided into two groups ? experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 11). A combined program of exercise consisting of aerobic activities and strength training was applied in the experimental group, while the control group did not join in the exercise program. The program lasted for 7 weeks, three times a week with a break day between the trainings. The intensity of the aerobic training was in the span of 60% to 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR), and the intensity of the strength training was in the span of 60% to 85% of one repetitive maximum (1RM). Osteopenia was diagnosed prior to the experiment by applying a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and the hip. The following was measured before and after the experiment: the level of biochemical markers in the serum [Beta-aspartic acid ?-cross laps (CTx), total procollagen type 1 N-terminal peptide (tP1NP) and bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 1RM of leg extensors, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max), bodily height and mass, and a calculated Body Mass Index (BMI). Results. Significant changes were determined only in the experimental group. During the experimental period, there was a significant increase of muscle strength and VO2 max, with a decrease of Beta-CTx concentration. No statistically significant changes were recorded in the control group. Conclusion. A 7- week period of systematic exercise showed to be sufficient to increase muscle strength and VO2 max, partially also to decrease bone resorption, but insufficient to alter bone volume, bodily mass, and BMI.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE COORDINATION AND SPEED EXERCISE PROGRAM ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASS TEACHING PUPILS

2020 ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Vladimir Momčilović ◽  
Zoran Momčilović ◽  
Srđan Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Speed Training ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

In this paper, the authors presented a study aimed at determining the impact of coordination and speed training programs on morphological characteristics of classroom pupils. The sample of respondents included primary school pupils from Nis, aged 9 and 10 (± 6 months). The sample of 64 respondents was divided into two groups, an experimental and control group, 32 pupils in each group. The respondents of the experimental group were involved in the training process of exercising coordination and speed in additional PE classes, while the control group was involved only in regular PE classes. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance and the univariate analysis of variance showed that there are statistically significant differences in the morphological characteristics of the experimental group of respondents in the final measurement compared to the control group respondents  in the skin abdomen (ANTRB), the foreskin of the upper arm  (ANNAD), and the skin of the lower leg (ANPTK).

The impact of strength training on the improvement of jumping ability and selected power parameters of the lower limbs in soccer players

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
PATRICIA FISCHEROVA ◽  
MAGDALENA NITYCHORUK ◽  
WOJCIECH SMOLKA ◽  
MARCIN ZAK ◽  
ARTUR GOLAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Training ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare the impact of a 6-week program combined with football training and strength training on strength and power parameters in highly trained soccer players. It was hypothesized that 6 weeks would be enough for the experimental group to improve their jumping ability and pushing power. Material and methods: The study involved 34 female footballers playing in Ekstraliga (age: 22 ± 5 years; body height: 167 ± 5 cm; body weight: 60 ± 8 kg). The contestants were divided into an experimental group and a control group of 17 people in each group. The control group performed football trainings combined with 2 additional strength units (50% 1RM load) 3 times a week. The experimental group, apart from football trainings, additionally performed 2 strength trainings per week (50–85% 1RM load). Results: The results of the experiment show a significant improvement in the height of the vertical jump and bench press while sitting in the experimental group CMJ (p <0.05; p = 0.000029; ES: 1.00; 11%), CMJA (p <0.05; p = 0 00003; ES = 1.09; 13%), and LP (p <0.05; p = 0.027681; ES = 0.48; 6%), while in the control group the changes in the results after the training program were statistically insignificant CMJ (p> 0.05; p = 0.274000; ES: 0.07, 1%), CMJA (p> 0.05; p = 0.350958 ES = 0.27, 3%), and LP (p> 0.05; p = 0.130153; ES = 0.27; 4%). Conclusion: The presented research results suggest that a short, six-week training program including general football training and strength training performed twice a week with loads gradually increasing during the preparatory period may significantly improve the strength and jumping parameters of the lower limbs in soccer players. Such information can be valuable at the stage of training in the field of special skills training in football.

scholarly journals Experimental inoculation of chicken broilers with C. gallinacea strain 15-56/1

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Szymańska-Czerwińska ◽  
Agnieszka Jodełko ◽  
Kinga Zaręba-Marchewka ◽  
Krzysztof Niemczuk
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Pathogen Dna ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Financial Losses

AbstractChlamydia gallinacea is one of the new Chlamydia species, encountered predominantly in birds and occasionally in cattle, and its dissemination, pathogenicity and zoonotic potential have not yet been fully elucidated. Until now, no case of clinical infection has been described in poultry, but the number of studies is limited. This study was conducted to evaluate the course of infection and the impact on production parameters in chicken broilers inoculated with the strain 15-56/1 isolated from a Polish flock. The presence of C. gallinacea was confirmed in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs by real-time PCR from the fifth day post inoculation (dpi). Pathogen DNA was also detected in many internal organs of inoculated chickens. All infected animals remained asymptomatic during the entire experimental period, although statistical analyses showed that broilers in the experimental group exhibited significantly lower body weight gains and feed conversion ratios than animals in the control group. These data indicate that subclinical C. gallinacea infection in broilers may lead to financial losses for poultry farmers.

scholarly journals Effect of respiratory muscle strengthening on rowing performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angage Dilani Priyashanthi Perera ◽  
Anoja Ariyasinghe ◽  
Anula Kariyawasam
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Rowing Performance ◽  
Rowing Ergometer ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Respiratory muscle training (RMT) has been proposed as a beneficial means of improving respiratory muscle strength (RMS) and respiratory muscle fatigue (RMF) in athletes. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a 12-week specific RMT program on the RMS, RMF and rowing ergometer performance in highly- trained rowers. Materials and Methods: Twenty professional rowers aged 20-35 years were recruited for the study during the competitive period and randomly grouped into an experimental (n=11) or control (n=9) group. Baseline measurements of maximal inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures were obtained with a portable handheld mouth pressure meter while performance was assessed by 2000m and 5000m rowing ergometer machine. Subsequently rowers in the experimental group were prescribed a novel RMT program comprising of specific breathing and abdominal muscle exercises while the control group was prescribed a “general exercise program” for non- respiratory muscles for a 12-week period. RMF was assessed by calculating the difference between the pre-exercise and post-exercise mouth pressures. Results: Respiratory muscle strength improved overtime in the experimental and the control group following the respective training programs (p<0.05) with the experimental group showing higher RMS and lower RMF. However, there were no statistically significant differences in RMS and RMF between the two groups (P>0.05). More importantly, rowing ergometer performance improved significantly in the experimental group compared to the control (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results suggest that the novel RMT program had a significant effect in improving rowing performance, although the effect on RMS and RMF was not significant.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Community-Based Food Education Program on Nutrition-Related Knowledge in Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Vasconcelos ◽  
António Almeida ◽  
Maria Cabral ◽  
Elisabete Ramos ◽  
Romeu Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Food Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a community-based food education program on nutrition-related knowledge in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants (n = 36; 65.9 ± 6.0 years old) were recruited in primary health care to a 9-month community-based lifestyle intervention program for patients with T2D and randomly assigned to an exercise program (control group; n = 16) or an exercise program plus a food education program (experimental group; n = 20). Nutrition-related knowledge was assessed through a modified version of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire. The increase in total nutrition-related knowledge score and sources of nutrients area score was significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. No significant changes in nutrition-related knowledge were found between groups in dietary recommendations and diet-disease relationship areas, although improvements were observed. This community-based food education program, with the use of easy to implement strategies (short-duration lectures and dual-task problem solving activities during exercise), had a positive and encouraging impact on nutrition-related knowledge in middle-aged and older patients with T2D.

scholarly journals Qigong for Muscle Strength and Static Postural Control in Middle-Aged and Older Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile ◽  
Agustín Aibar-Almazán ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Amat ◽  
Vânia Brandão-Loureiro ◽  
José Daniel Jiménez-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Experimental Group

In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of a Qigong exercise program on the muscle strength and postural control in middle-aged and older postmenopausal women. This is a randomized clinical trial (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03989453) conducted on 125 women who were initially assigned to either an experimental group (n = 63) that performed a Qigong exercise program for 12 weeks or to a control group (n = 62) that did not receive any intervention. Muscle strength (dynamometer) and postural control (stabilometric platform) were evaluated before and immediately after an intervention period. The main findings of this study suggest that the women in the experimental group had improvements in muscle strength, mean velocity of the displacement of the center of pressure (CoP) with both eyes open and closed, and the surface sway area covered by the CoP, as well as the mediolateral and anteroposterior oscillations of the CoP, only with eyes open. The results of the present study determined that a 12 week Qigong exercise program has beneficial effects on muscle strength and postural control of middle-aged and older postmenopausal Spanish women.

scholarly journals The impact of adapted soccer program on psychosocial behavior in adolescents with Down syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Dušan Perić ◽  
Bojana Milićević-Marinković
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Psychosocial Behavior ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction. Numerous studies have proven the significant positive impact of regular physical activity on the condition of people with intellectual disability. In practice, various adapted sports activities are increasingly used for children and adolescents with disabilities. Objectives. The current feasibility study determined the effect of soccer program on some psychosocial characteristics in adolescents with Down syndrome. Methods. 20 adolescents were recruited and randomized into two groups (the experimental group vs. the control group). Adolescents placed in the experimental group followed an adapted soccer program twice a week for 16 weeks. Adolescents placed in the control group continued with their usual daily routine during the experimental period. The level of aggression, attention problems, the level of anxiety and depression, and social problems were assessed. Results. The experimental group had significant improvements in all psychosocial variables. At the same time, no significant changes were registered in the control group. Conclusion. The results suggest that the soccer program can decrease the level of aggression, anxiety and depression, increase attention and improve social behavior in adolescents with DS.

scholarly journals The Effects of Formative Evaluation on Students' Achievement in English for Specific Purposes (A Case Study of the Preparatory Year Students at Umm- Al-Qura University)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Abdul Majeed Al Tayib Umar ◽  
Abdurrahman Abdulmlik Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Exam ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Preparatory Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This research attempts to find out the impact of formative evaluation on Saudi male learners’ achievement in medical English. The study also seeks to find out instructors’ and students' views and attitudes towards formative assessment.   The sample of the study involves 98 subjects chosen purposively from among the Preparatory Year students at Umm-Al- Qura University in Saudi Arabia. They were divided into two equal groups; one is intended to act as an experimental and the other is taken as a control group. The experimental group was taught their ESP material following the formative evaluation techniques whereas the control group was taught the same material in accordance with the summative assessment principles. The experimental group instructors were given intensive training courses in Saudi Arabia and abroad on how to use formative evaluation principles in classroom. In the last week of the experimental period which lasted for sixteen weeks, the two groups sat for the final exam which was intended for all pre-medical students in the Preparatory College. The grades of all students in the two groups in the final exam was compared. The experimental group students performance was found to be much higher than that of the control group. Students' and instructors’ attitudes towards formative evaluation were generated through a questionnaire and a series of interviews. Advanced statistical analysis of the responses of the instructors and students has shown their positive attitudes towards this form of evaluation. The study concludes with some recommendations to enhance this type of assessment and to conduct further studies on female students learning different language skills for different purposes. Suggestions to improve formative evaluation practice were also given to make this form of assessment more motivating and more enticing.

Impact of an educative program on dialysis patients’ knowledge and mental health: controlled before and after program

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 20204
Author(s):  
Laetitia Idier ◽  
Aurélie Untas ◽  
Nicole Rascle ◽  
Michèle Koleck ◽  
Maider Aguirrezabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Emotional Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction:Psychological impact of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) for dialysis patients is rarely evaluated since the focus of many studies is on medical variables (i.e., adherence).Objectives:The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the impact of a TPE program on knowledge, depression and anxiety, 2) to examine change in knowledge as a mediator of the effects of a TPE program on mental health.Method:This study was conducted in three hemodialysis units and comprised two groups: an experimental group with education and a control group with routine care. The program was based of 5 educative sessions. Knowledge, depressive and anxious symptoms were assessed with self-reported outcomes measured before and 3 months after the program.Results:The sample comprised 125 patients. Knowledge about vascular access and nutrition (p < 0.01) and depressive symptoms increased in the experimental group (p < 0.01). Analysis of mediation showed that changes in knowledge about vascular access were a significant mediator of the effects of the program on depressive symptoms (F = 4.90;p = 0.01).Discussion:Knowledge acquired during an educational program could lead to an emotional change. Improving knowledge often leads to an awareness of the risks that can modify the psychological state of patients by reminding them of their vulnerability. This study shows that it is required to be attentive to the way of transmitting knowledge. It’s necessary adapting this transmission to the needs of patients and promoting the acquisition of psychosocial competence too.Conclusion:This study shows that knowledge acquired during an educational program can lead to an emotional change in the short term. A long-term follow-up of the population should be interesting to observe these emotional effects.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

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