scholarly journals ANTONIN LADINSKY: SEA JOURNEY IN A SITUATION OF EMIGRATION (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE COLLECTION “BLACK AND BLUE”)

Author(s):  
Александра Анатольевна Хадынская

Введение. Рассматривается тема морского путешествия у Антонина Ладинского на примере сборника «Черное и голубое», первого в творчестве поэта, в котором сформировались магистральные линии его поэзии, развившиеся в последующих сборниках. Цель – проследить семантику морского плавания у поэта с учетом акмеистических влияний на него Н. Гумилева, у которого эта тема, став одной из основных в творчестве, отразила основные принципы акмеистического мировидения поэта. Материал и методы. Методология исследования предполагает литературоведческую интерпретацию лирических текстов с пониманием теоретических основ поэтики акмеизма («чужое слово», полифонический текст, динамическое пространство и пр.). Использовался также метод интертекстуального анализа при сопоставлении текстов, принадлежащих к разным литературным эпохам. Результаты и обсуждение. Творчество Ладинского уже было предметом научных изысканий, отмечалась и ориентация поэта на символизм и акмеизм, указывалась сложность отнесения его лирики к какому-либо из этих модернистских течений. Но морское путешествие как центральная тема первого сборника «Черное и голубое» в контексте акмеистической поэтики еще не привлекало внимания исследователей. Рассмотрено влияние гумилевской темы морских странствий на лирику Антонина Ладинского в плане полемики поэта с мэтром акмеизма, выявлено своеобразие рассматриваемой темы в связи с его эмигрантским опытом. Заключение. В лирике Антонина Ладинского морское путешествие становится отражением его пути эмигранта, и в этом смысле он полемизирует с Н. Гумилевым, у которого тема плавания по морям имеет культурологический смысл и отражает акмеистический принцип познания Жизни через Искусство. Семантика морского путешествия в контексте акмеистической поэтики позволяет Ладинскому сказать свое слово миру, присоединив свой голос к могучему культурному хору певцов морской стихии. Акмеистическая позиция оказывается близка ему своей земной природой, а символистская – осознанием мощной силы инобытия. Через диалог с «чужим словом» поэт декларирует собственный опыт освоения мира, отличный как от акмеистов, так и от символистов. Трагический взгляд на мир, обусловленный ситуацией эмиграции, звучит в первом сборнике еще не в полную мощь, акмеистическое «принятие действительности» еще имеет свою «инерцию», но осознание случившегося как катастрофы и пути в мир смерти уже произошло. Introduction.The article examines the topic of sea travel by Antonin Ladinsky using the example of the collection “Black and Blue”, the first in the poet’s work, in which the main lines of his poetry were formed, further developed in subsequent collections. Aim and objectives: to trace the semantics of sea navigation, taking into account the acmeistic influences on the poet by N. Gumilyov, for whom this topic was one of the main in his work and reflected the basic principles of the acmeistic worldview of the poet. Material and methods. The research methodology assumes a literary interpretation of lyric texts with an understanding of the theoretical foundations of the poetics of acmeism (“alien word”, polyphonic text, dynamic space, etc.). The method of intertextual analysis was also used when comparing texts belonging to different literary eras. Results and discussion. Ladinsky’s work was already the subject of scientific research, the poet’s orientation towards symbolism and acmeism was also noted, the difficulty of attributing his lyrics to any of these modernist movements was indicated. But sea voyage as the central theme of the first collection “Black and Blue” in the context of acmeistic poetics has not yet attracted the attention of researchers. We examined the influence of the Gumilev theme of sea voyages on the lyrics of Ant. Ladinsky in terms of the poet’s polemic with the master of acmeism, the originality of the topic under consideration is revealed in connection with his emigre experience. Conclusion. In the lyrics of Antonin Ladinsky, the sea voyage becomes a reflection of his path as an emigrant, and in this sence he argues with N. Gumilev, whose theme of sailing on the seas has a culturological meaning and reflects the acmeistic principle of cognizing Life through Art. The semantics of sea travel, in the context of acmeistic poetics, allows Ladinsky to say his word to the world, adding his voice to the mighty cultural choir of the singers of the sea. The acmeistic position turns out to be close to him by its earthly nature, and the symbolist one – by the awareness of the powerful force of otherness. Through dialogue with the “alien word”, the poet declares his own experience of mastering the world, which is different from both the Acmeists and the Symbolists. The tragic view of the world, conditioned by the situation of emigration, sounds in the first collection not yet in full force, the acmeistic “acceptance of reality” still has its “inertia”, but the awareness of what happened as a catastrophe and the path to the world of death has already occurred.

Author(s):  
Olga A. Martynova ◽  

The article is devoted to the work of the Russian revolutionary, writer and Marxist theorist V. I. Zasulich. The subject of consideration is the historical and philosophical views of the thinker, which are analyzed on the basis of her study devoted to the work of J.-J. Rousseau – “Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The experience of characteristics of his social ideas”, which previously remained almost without the attention of researchers. The purpose of the work is to analyze the basic principles of the approach of V. I. Zasulich to the study of philosophical thought: the desire to recreate the historical situation and the mental situation, the focus on the selection of socio-political and ideological determinants of the views of a particular thinker, the selection of unique and innovative thoughts compared to contemporaries and predecessors, the influence of the thinker on contemporaries and descendants. The research methodology is the system analysis, and reconstruction of the works by V. I. Zasulich on the problems of research. The work of V. I. Zasulich is a full-fledged scientific research: it analyzes the works of the thinker, refers to other researchers of his work. It identifies the determinants of the direction of his works, the thinker’s innovation and contribution to philosophy, as well as his influence on the further development of spiritual life, that is, adheres to the Marxist methodology of historical and philosophical research (and largely forms this methodology for Russian scientists).


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-372
Author(s):  
Snur Sabah Sidiq

The subject of the official study conditions in the city of Erbil is of great historical and cultural importance, especially for the city that historians have confirmed in historical sources as one of the oldest cities in the world. The subject of the official study conditions in the city of Erbil for the period between 1980-1991 did not have the importance of being mentioned by researchers, and scientific research has not been conducted on it. Therefore, there is a scientific necessity to carry out such research. The reason for choosing the study period (1980 - 1991) is that because of the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war in 1980, all aspects of life were affected by this war. Although this war ended in 1988, its effects and repercussions continued to affect the joints of Life in Iraq and the city of Erbil, in addition to the fact that political problems and convulsions grew and developed in that period until Iraq entered Kuwait in 1990, which resulted in wars and regional and internal problems in Iraq. Since that date, a new historical era has begun in the region. This study consists of an introduction to the topic in addition to two main axes and concluded with a list of sources and appendices, in the entry a summary of the official study in the city of Erbil for the period between 1970 - 1980 was presented, and the first axis was devoted to the political situation and the educational process for the period between 1980 - 1991, and in the second axis The laws, regulations, and educational curricula for the period between 1980 - 1991 are covered.


Author(s):  
Valeriya Alperovich

This research is dedicated to the problem of correlation between perception of other people by a subject and phenomenon of the “image of the world”. This topic is relevant for scholars of humanities in different countries in conditions of aggravation of various macrosocial conflicts. A theoretical study is conducted on correlations between the phenomena of “image of the world”, “worldview”, “model of the world”,  and approaches of the Russian psychology towards them. The author explores the results of empirical study of the “image of the world”, reflected in drawings, through the prism of metaphorical representations of a mature person on “congenial people” and “dissonant people”. The goal consists on carrying out a comparative analysis of peculiarities of the “image of the world” among persons differing in metaphorical representations on “congenial people” and “dissonant people”. The subject of this research is the metaphors of "congenial person” and “dissonant person”, the basic principles of a person and types of the “image of the world” depicted in drawings and verbal characteristics. The scientific novelty lies in the development of additional parameters for the analysis of the “image of the world” of a person, reflected in drawings. This article is first to determine correlations between different types of metaphors of “congenial person” and “dissonant person” as communication partners, and parameters of the “image of the world” of a person depicted in drawings. The conclusion is made that attribution of positive metaphorical socio-psychological characteristics to “congenial people” and “dissonant people” is associated with positive assessment of the objects of surrounding world. Stereotypization of images of other people as communication partners correlates with such of the “image of the world” in consciousness of a subject. The research results indicate that perceptions of “congenial people” and “dissonant people” by the subject affect their “image of the world”. The presented materials can be used in socio-psychological counseling for elaboration of the programs of correcting the system of relations of the subject to themselves and other people.


Author(s):  
Mathias Risse ◽  
Gabriel Wollner

Trade has made the world. Still, trade remains an elusive and profoundly difficult area for philosophical thought. This account of trade justice stresses the role of exploitation, emphasizing philosophical ideas about global justice but also contributing to moral disputes about practical questions. The book is a philosophical plea for a new global deal, in continuation of, but also at appropriate distance to, postwar efforts to design a fair global-governance system in the spirit of the American New Deal of the 1930s. It is written in the tradition of contemporary analytical philosophy but also puts its subject into a historical perspective. The book covers the subject of trade justice, from its theoretical foundations to several specific issues on which this book throws light. The state as an actor in the domain of global justice is central to the discussion but the book also explores the obligations of business extensively, recognizing the importance of the modern corporation for trade. So, topics such as wages injustice, collusion with authoritarian regimes, relocation decisions, and obligations arising from interaction with suppliers and sub-contractors all enter prominently. Another central actor in the domain of trade is the World Trade Organization. The WTO needs to see itself as an agent of justice. This book explores how this organization should be reformed in light of proposals made herein. In particular, the WTO needs to endorse a human-rights and development-oriented mandate. Overall, the book hopes to make a theoretical contribution to the creation of an exploitation-free world.


2021 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Lida P. Rogatina

The purpose of the article is to form a methodology of scientific research in the system of financial and economic security. Methodology. The scientific works of scientists in the study of financial and economic security are the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. To achieve the study’s purpose, the following research methods were used: theoretical generalization – the essence and main components of the system of financial and economic security; methods of positive and normative analysis – to make recommendations on the methodology of scientific research in the system of financial and economic security. Results. Research in the financial and economic security system has been proven to be carried out in five areas. Among the areas of research of the system of financial and economic security are dangerous processes and phenomena occurring in the world economy that can negatively affect the economic security of Ukraine; the level of stability, protection of interests, and opportunities of the national economy to counteract the negative impact of the crisis of the world economy; the state of economic security of Ukraine and trends in the development of adverse factors in the national economy and the formation of mechanisms to counter them; the state of economic security of economic entities, external and internal factors of dangers and threats to economic security; features of the organization of the system of economic security of enterprises, the activities of the subjects of its provision and their use of techniques and technologies that make it possible to ensure economic security. The basic principles of research methodology in the system of financial and economic security have been provided. The principles of research methodology in the system of financial and economic security include the principle of conformity (responsible for building a system of definitions of basic concepts, axioms based on these definitions, theorems of the theory of economic security); the principle of additionality (allows the establishment of the place of the theory of economic security in the structure of economic science); the principle of hierarchical goals (ensuring the security of the upper level of the economic system is a condition for ensuring the economic security of the lower level of the economic system); the principle of relative independence of horizontal goals, methodological consistency, spatial consistency. Indicative, resource-functional, and program-target have been proven to be among the methodological approaches to the study of the system of financial and economic security. Practical significance. The methodology of scientific research in the system of financial and economic security, which can be used by applicants and scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education, is provided. Prospects for further research. Selection of the optimal methodology of scientific research in the formation of the system of financial and economic security.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
S. A. Pshibieva ◽  
I. Yu. Fedorova

The research is aimed at studying the basic principles of Islamic banking and its modern distribution. This paper analyzed the development of Islamic banking in the world: in the Arab countries, Europe, the CIS countries and Russia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-83
Author(s):  
Ksenia Reznikova ◽  
◽  
Maya Smolina ◽  

The object of this scientific research is art criticism, the subject is the interaction of the addressee of art criticism and a work of fine art. The aim is to study the relationship between the addressee of art criticism and a work of fine art. The conceptual analysis of the concept of "art criticism" is given, the features and structure of the text of art criticism are considered. The conceptual basis for the study was the key provisions of the theory of reflection by G.V.F. Hegel, the basic principles of the synthetic theory of the ideal D.V. Pivovarov and the concept of ideal formation, the main provisions of the theory of fine art by V.I. Zhukovsky and N.P. Koptseva. A peculiar result of scientific research is the fixation of the characteristics of various addressees of the text of art criticism ("viewer" and "artist") and the specifics of their relationship with a work of fine art through the study of the text of art criticism


Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Sergey Trostyanskiy

This article aims to explore the subject of migration within the horizons of imperial unicity by reviewing the historical roots and modern modifications of cosmopolitan ideology. It intends to detect its theoretical foundations and test them against the Orthodox missionary goal to become a citizen of the kingdom of heaven.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
Muhammad Suleman Nasir ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Qayyum Ahsan ◽  

Purpose: This study is about the coronavirus pandemic and its long-lasting impacts on the world economy. The study's main purpose is to highlight the adverse effects of the Coronavirus on the world's economy and how to mitigate it. Research Methodology: An analytical and descriptive research methodology was conducted to get findings and recommendations. Original material is obtained from primary sources. Information is also taken from books on websites and previous articles on the subject. Results: Precautions and impacts are presented, followed by the recommendations to diminish the effects of Coronavirus. Limitations: The impacts of Coronavirus are not limited to developing countries, but this study has given less focus to developed countries. Contribution: This study is helpful to understand the impacts and redefine the course of actions accordingly. Keywords: Covid-19, Symptoms, Precautions, Economic effect


Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Oksana Dmitrievna Kolokol'nikova

The analysis of the individual writing style is a dynamically developing direction of modern linguistics. An integral part of individual style is the metaphorical system of the author. Metaphors are one of the most accurate markers of individual style, since they give a perspective on personality and mental worldview of the writer. The study of metaphor allows describing the nature of the imagery world of the author or his conceptual sphere. The subject of this research the evolution of the conceptual sphere of Robert Bridges, a prominent representative of English poetry of the late XIX – early XX centuries. The goal consists in elucidation of peculiarities of the author's conceptual sphere. The research methodology leans on the method of studying metaphor developed by N. V. Pavlovich. The article explores the questions of individual writing style, placing emphasis on the dynamics of imagery system of R. Bridges. The scientific novelty consists in revealing the mental worldview in each period of the author’s work, outlining the author's conceptual sphere, and describing the nature of transformations in the author's imagery system throughout his literary path. The acquires results demonstrate the characteristics of conceptual sphere of the author's early and mature lyrics, as well as determine stable and dynamic parameters of his mental worldview. It is established that the structure of conceptual sphere seeks to preserve the fundamentals of the author's view of the world, as well embraces the changes taking place in the poet's worldview.


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