scholarly journals Affective Factors in the Manifestation of Discriminatory Attitudes of the Personality in Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Marina Vladimirovna Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Youth Subcultures ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Handicapped People

The paper presents the results of an empirical study of affective factors in the manifestation of discriminatory attitudes of a person in behavior. The analysis revealed the following facts. As an affective basis for discriminatory behavior, negative emotional reactions towards people with non-traditional sexual behavior and politicians are expressed. Positive and/or altruistic emotions are associated with pensioners, children, adolescents, people with disabilities, handicapped people, representatives of other ethnic groups and religions, victims of crime, members of the opposite sex, physically unattractive people and people with low income. In relation to persons of no fixed abode and people with mental disorders, conflicting affective reactions are manifested: from sympathy and pity to anxiety and disgust. The strength of prejudice has a broad affective determination for the following social groups: migrants, representatives of other ethnic groups, physically unattractive people, representatives of another social community and youth subcultures. However, only in relation to representatives of youth subcultures, broad affective determination is the real basis for the increase in the strength of discriminatory attitudes and the manifestation of discriminatory behavior associated with the restriction of their activity.

scholarly journals Imagining Her Future: Diversity in Mothers’ Socialization Goals for Their Adolescent Daughters

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ramirez ◽  
Linda Oshin ◽  
Stephanie Milan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Socialization Goals ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Q Sort

According to developmental niche theory, members of different cultural and ethnic groups often have distinct ideas about what children need to become well-adapted adults. These beliefs are reflected in parents’ long-term socialization goals for their children. In this study, we test whether specific themes that have been deemed important in literature on diverse families in the United States (e.g., Strong Black Woman [SBW], marianismo, familismo) are evident in mothers’ long-term socialization goals. Participants included 192 mothers of teenage daughters from a low-income city in the United States (58% Latina, 22% African American, and 20% European American [EA]/White). Socialization goals were assessed through a q-sort task on important traits for a woman to possess and content analysis of open-ended responses about what values mothers hoped they would transmit to their daughters as they become adults. Results from ANCOVAs and logistic regression indicate significant racial/ethnic differences on both tasks consistent with hypotheses. On the q-sort task, African American mothers put more importance on women possessing traits such as independence than mothers from other racial/ethnic groups. Similarly, they were more likely to emphasize self-confidence and strength in what they hoped to transmit to their daughters. Contrary to expectation, Latina mothers did not emphasize social traits on the q-sort; however, in open-ended responses, they were more likely to focus on the importance of motherhood, one aspect of marianismo and familismo. Overall, results suggest that these mothers’ long-term socialization goals incorporate culturally relevant values considered important for African American and Latino families.

Rights of Exit

Legal Theory ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Green
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Parochial Schools ◽  
Hiring Practices ◽  
Social Clubs ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Conduct Codes

Social groups claim authority to impose restrictions on their members that the state cannot. Churches, ethnic groups, minority nations, universities, social clubs, and families all regulate belief and behavior in ways that would be obviously unjust in the context of a state and its citizens. All religions impose doctrinal requirements; many also enforce sexist practices and customs. Some universities impose stringent speech and conduct codes on their students and faculty. Parochial schools discriminate in their hiring practices. Those who complain about such internal restrictions on the liberties of members might well be told to “love it or leave it.”

scholarly journals The phone walkers: a study of human dependence on inactive mobile devices

Behaviour ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura P. Schaposnik ◽  
James Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Significant Attention

Abstract The development of mobile phones has largely increased human interactions. Whilst the use of these devices for communication has received significant attention, there has been little analysis of more passive interactions. Through census data on casual social groups, this work suggests a clear pattern of mobile phones being carried in people’s hands, without the person using it (that is, not looking at it). Moreover, this study suggests that when individuals join members of the opposite sex there is a clear tendency to stop holding mobile phones whilst walking. Although it is not clear why people hold their phones whilst walking in such large proportions (38% of solitary women, and 31% of solitary men), we highlight several possible explanation for holding the device, including the need to advertise status and affluence, to maintain immediate connection with friends and family, and to mitigate feelings related to anxiety and security.

Global Domestic Workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Marchetti ◽  
Daniela Cherubini ◽  
Giulia Garofalo Geymonat
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
South America ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
The Eu

EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. Drawing from the EU-funded DomEQUAL research project across nine countries in Europe, South America and Asia, this comparative study explores the conditions of domestic workers around the world and the campaigns they are conducting to improve their labour rights. The book showcases how domestic workers’ movements put ‘intersectionality in action’ in repre-senting the interest of various marginalized social groups from migrants and low-income groups to racialized and rural girls and women. This will be an invaluable for scholars, policy makers and activists alike.

The Ultimate Value of Technology

2006 ◽  
pp. 158-179
Author(s):  
Robert A. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Group ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Human Attributes

In the previous chapter, we saw how difficult it was to determine the value of information technology, even with a clearly defined point of view from which to assess that value, namely, the interests of the organization utilizing the technology. Over and above the point of view of the organization or even the economy as an aggregate of organizations, there are other perspectives to consider. Is it correct to view technology as another enabling value like health and wealth, an all-purpose means that enables us to achieve any number of our ends?1 Or should technology rather be viewed as an entirely different way of structuring reality? These questions raise broader issues that need to be considered from much wider points of view: What is the value of information technology for humanity as a whole? And finally, what is the value of information technology for being as a whole? In considering these questions, we need also to consider whether the value of information technology is best assessed as a part of technology generally, or whether information technology has its own characteristics relevant for assessing its value. I will examine issues concerning technology as a whole in this chapter, and return to the IT-specific issues in the next chapter. Beyond considering technology and information technology from the point of view of humanity as a whole, it may be necessary to consider technology and information technology from the point of view of being as a whole. One could think of the point of view of being as a whole as God’s point of view, except that many religious conceptions of God assign many different human attributes to God. And so to determine what is valuable from God’s point of view would embroil us in major religious disputes about God’s nature. Trying to take the point of view of being avoids such disputes. Rather, we are asking, what is the value of technology from the point of view of the unfolding or revealing of whatever is, has been, or will come to be?2 Even the point of view of humanity is itself very difficult for many people to embrace. Instead, their highest point of view is that of some limited human group, most typically national or social groups, ethnic groups, or economic groups or organizations. Yet even with these difficulties, it is easier to discuss the value of technology and information technology from the point of view of humanity as a whole than it is to discuss these questions from the point of view of being. So we will start with the point of view of humanity.

TOLERANCE AS A CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/1) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. NEFEDYEVA ◽  
E. V. ZIMINA
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
State University ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Limited Health

In the article results of sociological research of quality of tolerance  and features of tolerant attitudes in the student's environment are  resulted. The survey was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey of students at the Baikal State University.  General views of the student youth about tolerance and intolerance,  their essential expression were considered. The main types of  tolerance are revealed depending on ethnic, psychophysical, demographic and other social characteristics. The  estimation of tolerance among students in small social groups is  given. The reasons and methods for resolving disagreements and  conflicts manifested on the basis of intolerant behavior and  relationships were studied. The students' opinion on the level of  tolerance in modern society among representatives of different  national groups, social strata, different faiths, political opinions, etc.  is considered. Particular attention is paid to the manifestation of  tolerance towards people with disabilities and limited health  opportunities. The reasons for intolerance in relations between  different social groups are indicated. The degree of influence on the  tolerance of various factors (health, religion, nationality, status, etc.)  has been revealed. The students' opinion on the necessity of  manifestation (observance) of tolerant attitude to the  representatives of certain social groups, in particular, to the disabled, ethnic and religious communities, the low-income and others is  considered.

Differences in overall survival for patients with cholangiocarcinoma: Racial/ethnic disparity or socioeconomic factors?

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 380-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M Lee ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Mohammad Yahya Zaidi ◽  
Adriana Carolina Gamboa ◽  
Maria C. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

380 Background: Inequities in cancer survival are well documented. Whether disparities in overall survival (OS) result from inherent racial differences in underlying disease biology or socioeconomic factors (SEF) is not known. Our aim was to define the association of race/ethnicity and SEF with OS in pts with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Methods: Pts with CCA of all sites and stages in the National Cancer Data Base (2004-14) were included. Racial/ethnic groups were defined as non-Hispanic White (NH-W), non-Hispanic Black (NH-B), Asian, and Hispanic. Income and education were based on census data for pts’ zip code. Income was defined as high (³$63,000) vs low ( < $63,000). Primary outcome was OS. Results: 27,151 pts were included with a mean age of 68 yrs; 51% were male. 78% were NH-W, 8% NH-B, 6% Asian, and 6% Hispanic. 56% had Medicare, 33% private insurance, 7% Medicaid, and 4% were uninsured. 67% had high income. 21% lived in an area where > 20% of adults did not finish high school. NH-B and Hispanic pts had more unfavorable SEF including uninsured status, low income, and less formal education than NH-W and Asian pts (all p < 0.001). They were also younger, more likely to be female and to have metastatic disease (all p < 0.001). Despite this, NH-B race and Hispanic ethnicity were not associated with decreased OS. Male sex, older age, non-private insurance, low income, lower education, non-academic facility, location outside the Northeast, higher Charlson-Deyo score, worse grade, larger tumor size, and higher stage were all associated with decreased OS (all p < 0.001). On MV analysis, along with adverse pathologic factors, type of insurance (p = 0.003), low income (p < 0.001), and facility type and location of treatment (p < 0.001) remained associated with decreased OS; non-white race/ethnicity was not. Conclusions: Disparities in survival exist in CCA, however they are not driven by race/ethnicity. Non-privately insured and low-income pts had decreased OS, as did pts treated at non-academic centers and outside the Northeast. This suggests that decreased ability to access and afford care results in worse outcomes, rather than biological differences amongst racial/ethnic groups.

The politics of house shape: round vs rectilinear domestic structures in Déla compounds, northern Cameroon

Antiquity ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (268) ◽  
pp. 351-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Boundaries ◽  
Building Shape ◽  
Northern Cameroon ◽  
Floor Plans ◽  
Building Form

Building floor plans are frequently recovered by archaologists. A common first sorting of the shapes of small domestic buildings is between round houses and rectangular houses. What do these differences mean? Why do social groups change their building form from one to the other? An ethnoarchaeological study from northern Cameroon illustrates how four ethnic groups in a single community use building shape to blur or define group boundaries for political self-interests.

scholarly journals Parental preference for park attributes related to children’s use of parks in low-income, racial/ethnic diverse neighborhoods

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
S Scott Ogletree ◽  
Jing Huei Huang ◽  
Claudia Alberico ◽  
Oriol Marquet ◽  
Myron F Floyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Latino Parents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Public parks offer free and easy to access spaces for outdoor recreation, which is essential for children’s outdoor play and physical activity in low-income communities.  Because parks and playgrounds contribute to children’s physical, social, and emotional development, it is critical to understand what makes them attractive and welcoming for families with young children. Parents can be a key determinant to children visiting parks, with their preferences influencing whether or not families visit parks in their neighborhoods. Past studies have posited there are significant differences across racial/ethnic populations in preferred park characteristics, but few have investigated specific park attributes parents from different racial and ethnic groups desire for their children. This study examined attributes associated with parental preferences for parks in low-income diverse communities in New York City, New York and Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, USA. Parents’ responses were grouped into 10 categories using content analysis, with four key preference themes identified: physical attributes, experiences, social environment, and amenities. Physical attributes (i.e., playgrounds, sports fields, green spaces) were most desired among all groups. A significant difference across race/ethnic groups was found in New York but not in Raleigh-Durham. In New York, Latino parents had a strong preference for experience attributes (i.e. safety, safe facilities, cleanliness) which differed from other groups. Examining Latino parents in both cities we found no significant difference between cities. Although there is no one-size-fits-all approach to encourage park use, our finding suggests facilities and park safety are modifiable ways local government agencies could design and maintain parks that would be preferred by parents for their children. Future research should examine how neighborhood context may influence parent preferences related to parks. Parents’ responses were grouped into 10 categories using content analysis, with four key preference themes identified. A significant difference across race/ethnic groups was found in New York but not in Raleigh-Durham. Examining Latino parents in both cities we found no significant difference between cities. Physical attributes (i.e., playgrounds, sports fields, green spaces) were most desired among all groups. In New York, Latino parents had a strong preference for Experience attributes (i.e. safety, safe facilities, cleanliness) which differed from other groups. Future research should examine how neighborhood context may influence parent preferences related to parks and children’s physical activity.

scholarly journals Development of proposals to overcome discriminatory attitudes in representatives of various communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Nataliya V. Usova
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
State University ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Thematic Plan

The provision of psychological assistance to the population is the central mission of a psychologist. This question is especially topical when it comes to the behaviour of subjects determining negative psychoemotional and somatic consequences for both the individual and for entire social groups. One such manifestation is discriminatory behavior based on deeply formed discriminatory attitudes. This article is devoted to the development of practice-oriented proposals to overcome the discriminatory attitudes in representatives of various communities. This material is based on both fundamental developments demonstrating their effectiveness over a rather long period of time, and modern empirical data from the field of the psychology of discrimination, identified and developed by a team of authors of Chernyshevsky Saratov State University. The analysis conducted by the author allows stating that the greatest effect can be achieved by the practice of behavioural and cognitive orientation. Highlighting the features of working with discriminatory attitudes, the article spells out the principles, goals and objectives of psychologists. The stages and directions of activities aimed at overcoming discriminatory attitudes are identified. As an example, for each direction, methodological tools and specific exercises are indicated. In conclusion, a thematic plan of contact work aimed at overcoming discriminatory attitudes is given. It is concluded that the elimination of discriminatory attitudes is a long process, requiring along the way to work out a number of underlying problems associated with past experience of the subjects.

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