scholarly journals EFEK IMUNOMODULATOR EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH NANAS (Ananas comosus L.Merr) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN DENGAN METODE BERSIHAN KARBON (Carbon Clearance)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayu Azizah ◽  
Wiwik Wiraningsih ◽  
Ema Ratna Sari
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Carbon Clearance ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

AbstractThis research was aimed to study the immunomodulatory effect of ethanol extract of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) peel on white male mice with carbon clearance method. Animals  were divided into 5 groups: Group 1 was given tween 80 1 % v/v;Ggroup 2 was given meniran extracts; Group 3, 4 and 5 were given  ethanol extracts of pineapple peel with a dose of 125 mg/kg BW, 250 mg/kg BW, and 500 mg/kg BW,respectively, for 6 days orally. On the 7th day the animals were injected with carbon suspension 0.2 ml/20g BW at the tail vein. Blood was taken at 5th and 15th minutes using capillary pipe from the animal’s orbital retro vein, then it was diluted with 4 ml of 0.1% b/v sodium carbonate and measured its absorbance at 675 nm using visible spectrophotometer. The ethanol extract of pineapple peel showed immunomodulatory effect where the best dose was 250 mg/kg BW.  Keywords                : biological response modifiers, immunomodulatory, pineapple peel

scholarly journals Growth Restriction of Rhizoctonia solani via Breakage of Intracellular Organelles Using Crude Extracts of Gallnut and Clove

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1667
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Xianfeng Hu ◽  
Chenglong Yang ◽  
Xiaomao Wu ◽  
Rongyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Plant diseases reduce crop yield and quality, hampering the development of agriculture. Fungicides, which restrict chemical synthesis in fungi, are the strongest controls for plant diseases. However, the harmful effects on the environment due to continued and uncontrolled utilization of fungicides have become a major challenge in recent years. Plant-sourced fungicides are a class of plant antibacterial substances or compounds that induce plant defenses. They can kill or inhibit the growth of target pathogens efficiently with no or low toxicity, they degrade readily, and do not prompt development of resistance, which has led to their widespread use. In this study, the growth inhibition effect of 24 plant-sourced ethanol extracts on rice sprigs was studied. Ethanol extract of gallnuts and cloves inhibited the growth of bacteria by up to 100%. Indoor toxicity measurement results showed that the gallnut and glove constituents inhibition reached 39.23 μg/mL and 18.82 μg/mL, respectively. Extract treated rice sprigs were dry and wrinkled. Gallnut caused intracellular swelling and breakage of mitochondria, disintegration of nuclei, aggregation of protoplasts, and complete degradation of organelles in hyphae and aggregation of cellular contents. Protection of Rhizoctonia solani viability reached 46.8% for gallnut and 37.88% for clove in water emulsions of 1000 μg/mL gallnut and clove in the presence of 0.1% Tween 80. The protection by gallnut was significantly stronger than that of clove. The data could inform the choice of plant-sourced fungicides for the comprehensive treatment of rice sprig disease. The studied extract effectively protected rice sprigs and could be a suitable alternative to commercially available chemical fungicides. Further optimized field trials are needed to effectively sterilize rice paddies.

scholarly journals Immunomodulator Activity of Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) Extract in White Male Mice By Carbon Clearance Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Rezza Fikrih Utama ◽  
Rosidah ◽  
Yuandani
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
A Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carbon Clearance ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity ◽  
Herb Extract

Poguntano Herb Plants (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) contains flavonoids compounds that have been potentially to developed into immunomodulators. The purpose of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory activity of Poguntano herb extract (Picria fel-terrae Lour.), with the method of carbon clearance. n-hexane extract puguntano herb(ENHHP), extract of ethyl acetate of Poguntano herb (EEAHP), and ethanol extract of puguntano herb(EEHP) Poguntano multistage results in the test of immunomodulatory activity with a method of carbon clearance. Results showed that the EEHP 200 mg/kg BB showed a strong immunostimulation effect, EEAHP 200 mg/kg BB showed strong immunostimulation effect, ENHP 200 mg/kg BB demonstrated strong immunostimulation effect. It is thought that extract N-hexane herb Poguntano (ENHHP), extracts of ethyl herb acetate Poguntano (EEAHP), and herb ethanol extract Poguntano (EEHP) Poguntano herb may increase phagocytosis activity. Extract of ethyl acetate Poguntano herb 200 mg/kg bw (EEAHP) has the best phagocytosis activity with a value of 2.376 which indicates there is a significant difference (P < 0.05) with another treatment group.

scholarly journals Laxative Activity Test of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Leave on White Male Mice Induced by Loperamide

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Rahimatul Uthia ◽  
Devina Prima Yolanda ◽  
Aried Eriadi ◽  
Dwi Dinni Aulia Bakhtra
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Intestinal Peristalsis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Stimulation Of

Constipation is a symptom of a problematic, non-smooth and irregular defecation process. While laxative is a substance that stimulates intestinal peristalsis as a reflex of direct stimulation of the intestinal wall that can cause or facilitate defecation. This study aimed to determine the ethanol extract of the leaves of Gynura procumbens (L.) Merr. effect as a laxative in white male mice induced by loperamide. The methods used for laxative testing are defecation patterns and intestinal transit methods. The parameters observed included frequency of defecation, stool consistency, stool weight every 30 minutes for 4 hours, and the length of the activated carbon in the mice's intestine. The extract was administered orally at a dose of 75 mg/kg BW, 150 mg/kg BW and 300 mg/kg BW, as a comparison used negative control (Na CMC). From the results of the study, it was found that the administration of ethanol extracts of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. leaves at the dose of 150 mg/kg BW gave laxative activity to white male mice (P <0.05).

scholarly journals Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Ekstrak Etanol Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) dan Ekstrak Etanol Nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rakhman Hakim ◽  
Rina Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRAK Bahan alam digunakan manusia sebagai obat untuk menyembuhkan, mencegah penyakit tertentu dan menjaga kondisi badan agar tetap sehat. Bahan alam yang digunakan dikenal dengan istilah obat herbal. Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L) dan Nanas (Ananas cosmosus (L) Merr) merupakan sebagian dari bahan alam yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa kimia pada ekstrak etanol mentimun dan ekstrak etanol nanas yaitu senyawa saponin, steroid, terpenoid, tanin dan secara kualitatif. Ekstrak etanol mentimun dan ekstrak etanol nanas didapatkan dengan metode maserasi. Hasil identifikasi senyawa kimia menunjukan ekstrak etanol mentimun mengandung senyawa kimia terpenoid, saponin dan fenolik. Ekstrak etanol nanas mengandung terpenoid dan fenolik. Kata kunci: Identifikasi senyawa kimia, Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L), Nanas (Ananas cosmosus (L) Merr) ABSTRACT Natural materials has used by humans as a medicine to cure, prevent certain diseases and maintain body condition in order to stay healthy. Natural materials are used is known as herbal medicine. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) and Pineapple (Ananas cosmosus (L) Merr) is part of the natural materials that can be used as an alternative treatment. This study aims to identified the chemical compounds in extracts of cucumber ethanol and ethanol extract of pineapple there are saponins, steroids, terpenoids, tannins and qualitatively. The ethanol extract of cucumber and pineapple ethanol extracts obtained by maceration method. The results of the identification of chemical compounds showed the ethanol extract of cucumber contains chemical compounds terpenoids, saponins and phenolic. The ethanol extract of pineapple contains terpenoids and phenolic. Keywords: Identification of chemical compounds, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L), pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr)

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extract Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Peel against Growth of Propionibacterium acnes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Fitriyanti Fitriyanti ◽  
Muhammad Nur Rahman Hendrawan ◽  
Karunita Ika Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Pineapple Fruit ◽  
Peel Extract

Pineapple peel (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) is waste from the pineapple fruit. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of pineapple peel extract and to antibacterial activity in various concentrations effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. The pineapple peel extract is made by using the extraction method in the form of maceration. The method used in the inhibitory test using the three replication samples in each treatment group. The sample consisted of 10 treatment groups ie pineapple peel extract concentration 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, 62.5%, 75%, 87.5%, and 100%, as well as positive and negative control. The results obtained from pineapple peel screening contain flavonoid and saponin compounds. The data analysis shows that pineapple peel extract concentrations of 50%, 62.5%, 75%, 87.5%, and 100% had inhibitory zones with the medium-strong category while clindamycin as the control has a strong inhibition zone. The conclusion of this research proves that pineapple peel extract has antibacterial power to P. acnes with effective concentration is 100% with the strong category.

scholarly journals IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT TEST FROM MORINGA LEAF EXTRACT (MORINGA OLEIFERA L.) WITH CARBON CLEARANCE METHOD IN MALE WHITE MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Dwisari Dillasamola ◽  
Yufri Aldi ◽  
Mutia Fakhri ◽  
Skunda Diliarosta ◽  
Biomechy Oktomalio P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
White Male ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Carbon Clearance ◽  
Phagocytosis Index ◽  
Effect Test ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

Objective: Moringa oleifera leaf has chemical compounds that have been utilized by the community to cure health problems. One of its activities is an immunomodulator. The aim of this study is to determine the immunomodulatory effect from M. oleifera leaf using a carbon clearance method to measure the activity of phagocytic cells in exterminating pathogens that enter the body then followed by calculating the total leukocyte cells. The parameters of this test are phagocytosis index and total leukocyte cells.Methods: Twenty white male mice were divided into four groups. Group I (vehicle control) was treated with sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) 0.5%, Group II-IV were treated by M. oleifera leaf extract given to the mice for six consecutive days orally in doses of 10, 30, 100 mg/kg. On the seventh day, white male mice were given with intravenous carbon suspension through their tails. The value of phagocytosis index (PI > 1) indicated immunostimulant activity. The data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan test.Results: The analysis of variance results showed that the groups treated with Moringa leaf extract are significantly different with the vehicle groups (NaCMC 0.5%) (p<0.05). Increased doses of Moringa leaf extract are effective to improve the immunomodulator effect. It was included that Moringa leaf extract had the immunomodulatory capabilities as an immunostimulant.Conclusion: Immunomodulatory effect test of M. oleifera Lam. Based on the result of the research about immunomodulatory effect test from Moringa leaf extract (Moringa Oleifera L.) with carbon clearance method in male white mice, it can be concluded that Moringa leaf extract (Moringa Oleifera L.) has effect as an Immunomodulator.

scholarly journals Growth Restriction of Rhizoctonia Solani via Breakage of Intracellular Organelles by Crude Extract of Gallnut and Clove

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Xianfeng Hu ◽  
Chenglong Yang ◽  
Xiaomao Wu ◽  
Rongyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Plant diseases reduce crop yield and quality, hampering the development of agriculture. Fungicides, which restrict chemical synthesis, are the strongest controls for plant diseases. However, the harmful effects on the environment due to continued and uncontrolled utilization of fungicides has become a major challenge in recent years. Plant-sourced fungicides are a class of plant antibacterial substances or compounds that induce plant defenses. They can kill or inhibit the growth of target pathogens efficiently with no or low toxicity, degrade readily, do not prompt development of resistance, which has led to their widespread use. In this study, the growth inhibition effect of 24 plant-sourced ethanol extracts on rice sprigs was studied. Ethanol extract of gallnuts and cloves inhibited the growth of rice sprites by up to 100%. Indoor toxicity measurement results showed that the gallnut and glove constituents inhibition reached 39.23 &mu;g/mL and 18.82 &mu;g/mL, respectively. Extract treated rice sprigs were dry and wrinkled. Gallnut caused intracellular swelling and breakage of mitochondria , disintegration of nuclei, aggregation of protoplasts, and complete degradation of organelles in hyphae and aggregation of cellular contents. Protection of Rhizoctonia solani viability reached 46.8% for gallnut and 37.88% for clove in water emulsions of 1,000 &mu;g/mL gallnut and clove in the presence of 0.1% Tween 80. The protection by gallnut was significantly stronger than that of clove. The data could inform the choice of plant-sourced fungicides for the comprehensive treatment of rice sprig disease. The studied extract effectively protected rice sprigs and could be a suitable alternative to commercially available chemical fungicides. Further optimized field trials are needed to effectively sterilize rice paddies.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Tabir Surya Sediaan Krim dan Lotion Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L.Merr)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Elya Zulfa ◽  
M. Fatchurrohman
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Made In

ABSTRAK             Kulit buah nanas mengandung flavonoid dan terbukti memiliki aktivitas tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas tabir surya krim dan lotion ekstrak etanol kulit buah nanas (EEKBN) dengan menilai SPF sediaan. Krim dan lotion dibuat dalam 3 formula berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak FI (15,0 %), FII (17,5 %), FIII (20,0 %), kontrol basis, dan kontrol positif digunakan sediaan tabir surya yang ada dipasaran. Krim yang diperoleh dilakukan pengujian aktivitas tabir surya dengan melihat nilai SPF. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nilai SPF ketiga formula krim berturut-turut 20,97, 24,32 dan 25,75, sedangkan pada sediaan lotion berturut-turut memiliki nilai SPF sebesar 9,796, 11,589 16,268. Jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol (+) ketiga formula krim dan lotion memiliki nilai SPF yang tidak setara (Sig<0,05). Kata Kunci: krim, lotion, kulit buah nanas, flavonoid, SPF  ABSTRACT Pineapple skin contains flavonoids and is proven to have sunscreen activity. This study aims to determine the activity of cream sunscreen and pineapple peel (EEKBN) ethanol extract lotion by assessing the preparation of SPF. Creams and lotions were made in 3 formulas based on variations in FI extract concentrations (15.0%), FII (17.5%), FIII (20.0%), base control, and positive control used in the market. The cream obtained was tested for sunscreen activity by looking at the SPF value. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA 95% confidence level. The results showed that the SPF values of the three cream formulas were 20.97, 24.32 and 25.75 respectively, while in the lotion preparations respectively had an SPF value of 9,796, 11,589 16,268. When compared to the control (+) the three cream and lotion formulas had unequal SPF values (Sig <0.05). Keywords: cream, lotion, pineapple skin, flavonoid, SPF

scholarly journals UJI IMUNOMODULATOR BEBERAPA SUBFRAKSI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri [L]) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN DENGAN METODA CARBON CLEARANCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Yufri Aldi ◽  
Nisya Ogiana ◽  
Dian Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
White Male ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Cell Component ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
A Value ◽  
Carbon Clearance ◽  
Optimal Effect ◽  
Scientific Name

Meniran has scientific name Phyllanthus niruri L..It uses to increase imun system of human body. Nonspecific of Imun system is first defendent to protect human body from microorganism, because it gives direct respon to antigen then it will destroy bacteria with phagocytosis process. Meniran extract is known can obstruct xanthin oksidase invitro, protect hepatocyte cell of liver from carbon tetrachloride and cytotoxity that induction with galaktosamin.To determined imunomodulator activity of some ethyl acetat extract subfraction of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri [L.]). Some ethyl acetat extract subfraction of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri [L.]) administered orally with single dose 100 mg/kg BB for eight group of subfraction and Tween 80 1% as control for 6 days. After 6 days subfractions have been conducted in white male mice with carbon clearance method. A value of Index Phagocytosis (IF) < 1 has imunosupressant activity and IF > 1 has imunostimulant activity. The increasing of phagositosis index with carbon clearance method showed the effect from each group of subfraction with control was unsignificant (P>0,05). The incerasing of leucocyte cell component especially for limfosit cell, eusinofil, and segmen neutrofil was significant for each group of subfraction (P0,05). The increasing of spleen limfosit cell showed optimal effect in subfraction number three (P

Analgesic Effectivty Of Nanoparticles Chitosan-Ethanol Leaf Extract Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) In White Male Mice (Mus Mucculus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Juliferd Gredi ◽  
Wintari Taurina ◽  
Mohamad Andrie
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Optimal Formula

Papaya leaves has been shown to have efficacy as an analgesic. Analgesic effect caused by the flavonoids in leaves of papaya. To enhance the analgesic effi cacy papaya into dosage formulatio of nanoparticles. The purpose of this research was to create and characterized nanoparticles from ethanol extract of papaya leaves then tested for effectiveness as an analgesic. This study used polymer chitosan and NaTPP to created nanoparticles through ionic gelation method and analgesic activity tested using writhing test method and statistical tested. Optimal formula of nanoparticles were produced at concentration of 0.2% chitosan, Na-TPP extract 0.1% and 4% with a ratio of 6: 1: 1. The nanoparticles was formed a size of 255.4 nm with polidispers index of 0.7, the zeta potential of + 11,1mV, the adsorption effi ciency by 87% and rounded morphology (spherical). Analgesic effectiveness tested by comparison between the groups ethanol extract of papaya and the groups nanoparticles of chitosan-ethanol extract papaya statistically using the T-test Independent. The results of this research indicate that there are statistically signifi cant differences (p <0.05). This results shows that the preparation nanoparticles of chitosan-ethanol extract papaya is more effective as an analgesic than the ethanol extract of papaya leaves.

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