Who Cares for Poor? A Case Study on Beggars in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192
Author(s):  
Dr. Menka Saini ◽  
Prof. Jabir Hasan Khan ◽  
Tarique Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age

The present empirical study aims to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of beggar population and to find out the causes of begging. The adverse effects of this profession on the health, incidence of bad habits among the beggars and the problems faced by them have been also taken into account. The study is based on primary source of data, collected through the field survey and direct questionnaire to the respondents in the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh during 2009. The study reveals that beggars are the most deprived section of the society who begged for sustaining their livelihood, living in abject poverty and on the mercy of people. It has been found that majority of beggars belongs to adult age-group (15-44), while, share of dependant population (particularly 0 to 15 years young age group) is higher in the rural areas of the district. The incidence of early marriages and big household size are very common among the beggars in the study area. Moreover, 86.5 per cent beggars’ population was illiterate and the average daily income of the beggars is  51-100 per day. The major causes which compelled them to engage themselves in begging are poverty, casteism and illiteracy. Majority of them suffer from tuberculosis, followed by anemia, weakness, leprosy etc. Poverty, low income, unemployment, low standard of housing and lack of civic amenities and facilities are their major problems

An epidemiological study of hysteria

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-405
Author(s):  
K. C. Dube ◽  
Narender Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Study Population

SummaryIn a comprehensive epidemiological study conducted by a census survey in a population of 29,468 individuals in the Agra region of Uttar Pradesh, northern India, 261 cases of conversion symptoms in the form of hysterical fits were detected constituting a prevalence rate of 8.9 per thousand (Dube, 1970). The study population consisted of residents in urban, semi-rural and rural areas. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in urban than in rural areas. Females constituted 96.1% of all cases of hysteria. The highest incidence rate was in the age group 15–24 years. The role of caste, marital status and educational level, found to be associated with the occurrence of symptoms, has been discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of Malnutrition on the Academic Performance: A Case Study of Grade 6-8 Learners in Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shabbir ◽  
Qamar-uz-Zaman ◽  
Muhammad Atif
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Is Design

The present research is design to assess the “effects of malnutrition on the academic performance of grade 6-8 learners in rural areas of Tehsil Hafizabad”. Quantitative research approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study. Quantitative data was gathered by using Scheduled Interview from the sample of 150 learners of the three selected schools. Data was analyzed through statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The outcomes of the study revealed that the malnutrition, particularly the use of low quality foods significantly lowers the academic performance in terms of lowering the understanding level of the learners and attainments; it reduces the attendance rate ultimately. It was observed that the less participation in physical activities, low income of the household and crowded demographic conditions reduced the learning capacity of the students. Some useful suggestions were also made, strictly ban on low quality food, awareness programs should be launched for public, and more studies must be conducted to highlight and overcome the issue.

scholarly journals Analysis of the life conditions of quilombolas communities in Tocantins, Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Annyelle Figueredo Teles ◽  
Luciana da Costa da Silva ◽  
Amanda Cordeiro da Silva ◽  
Ibis Alan de Souza ◽  
Carla Simone Seibert
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
A Value ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
5Th Grade ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study carried out a descriptive approach on the living conditions of families in some quilombola communities in the state of Tocantins. Through the application of a structured questionnaire, 414 families were interviewed, distributed in 21 quilombola communities in the State. From the interviews, it was observed that the communities were formed by a higher percentage of male quilombolas, in the adult age group. Many families had an income of up to one minimum wage, a value also made possible by the Bolsa Família Program, which complements the income of these families. In addition, a significant percentage of the residents engaged in farming and/or handicraft activities, and most of the population had Elementary School I (5th grade) as an educational level. The results of this study revealed that, despite having improved the access of quilombola communities to schools, many families are low-income and still lack basic sanitation and electricity in their homes. Therefore, the information presented here can contribute to the implementation of public policies aimed at quilombola communities in Tocantins.

scholarly journals The Cittaslow Movement in Rural Areas – a Case Study of a Village in the Polish Region of Warmia and Mazury

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pietrzyk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Pace Of Life ◽  
Life Philosophy

The international Cittaslow movement brings together towns that promote the slow life philosophy. The concept has been developed in response to the increasing pace of life and the adverse effects of globalization. According to the members of Cittaslow, the organization contributes to the sustainable development of their regions and to improvement of the quality of life. In view of the benefits of Cittaslow membership confirmed by research studies, the question arises whether the concept of Cittaslow could also be introduced in rural areas. This paper seeks to answer the above question. The study involved an analysis of the Cittaslow membership criteria (Cittaslow goals) and a survey conducted among the inhabitants of the Warmian village of Żabi Róg. The results of the study were used to test the research hypothesis and to assess the quality of life in the analyzed area.

scholarly journals Prospective study of patients with membranous patch over the tonsil at GIMS, Kalaburagi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2194
Author(s):  
Renuka S. Melkundi ◽  
Siddaram Patil
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Current study was done to know various clinical aspects of membranous patch over the tonsil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for the study were collected from patients who presented with membranous patch over the tonsil in the department of ENT at GIMS, Kalaburagi from January 2019 to December 2019. This is a prospective case study. 225 patients were included in the study. Once patient was presented to us detailed history, examination and necessary investigations were done.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The present study included 225 patients out of which out of which females were 132 (59%) and males were 93 (41%). The predominant clinical features were sore throat (225 cases), fever (212 cases), dysphagia (90 cases) and bull neck (45 cases). The most common cause of membranous patch over tonsil was found to be diphtheria (68%) followed by streptococcal tonsillitis (30%) and others (2%). In our study microbiological investigations like Albert stain was positive in 153 cases and culture was positive in 140 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was observed in our study that diphtheria constitutes the majority (68%) and the incidence of adult is almost on par with paediatric age group. Despite of UIP we have seen increased incidence in the adult age group. Hence it requires the health agencies and the Government to increase immunization coverage, as India has witnessed the highest number of cases in the world for the year 2015. As evident from the shift in age groups being infected, adult booster dose has to be introduced at 10 years interval.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Its Rifampicin Resistance among Patients Attending General Hospital Mararaba as a Case Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
B. A. Ajide ◽  
M. M. Igbabul ◽  
O. I. Kanyi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Suspected Tuberculosis ◽  
Level 3

Aims: To determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its Rifampicin resistance among patients attending General Hospital, Mararaba. Study Design: This was a descriptive health-based research that involved clinically suspected tuberculosis patients whose sputum samples were referred to General Hospital Mararaba for diagnosis. Place and Duration of Study: Department of tuberculosis, General Hospital Mararaba Nasarawa state between May to July 2019. Methodology: A total of 100 suspected TB patients of both male and female were included in the study. Two sputum samples from each patient were collected from these patients with sputum containers and samples were processed under level 3 biosafety cabinet by mixing with the reagent that was provided with the assay following manufacturer’s manual and thereafter, the cartridge containing this mixture was placed in the Gene Xpert machine. The processing of the sample is fully automated and takes less than two hours. Results: An overall prevalence of 21.5% was recorded for Mycobacterium tuberculosis with a rifampicin resistance rate of 65.11% among positive patients. The highest prevalence of infection was observed among the age group of above 40 years (40.0%), males (23.9%), self-employed people (25.6%), those living in a rural environment (31.8%) and those with informal education (35.7%). There was no statistically significant relationship between the prevalence of MTB to sex, marital status, education, employment and ethnicity (P>0.05). Environment factor was however significant (p<0.05). Highest frequency for rifampicin resistance was recorded in the age group 20-29(39.2%), (64.28%) in males, rural areas (57.14%), self-employed persons (57.14%) and single people (50.0%). Age about rifampicin resistance was significant (p<0.05) while sex, occupation, environment and rural areas were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its Rif-resistance amongst patients attending General Hospital, Mararaba is comparatively high and indicative of the rate at which tuberculosis and drug resistance is still resilient despite various methods put in place to control it.

Sustainable Farmers’ Participation and Agricultural Marketing System: A Case Study of Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 253-259
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Agricultural Market ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
System A ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Services

The present study evaluated the farmer’s participation in the agricultural market in terms of infrastructure, services and other amenities with the help of field survey in four mandis of Uttar Pradesh in 2017. The results revealed that participation of small and marginal farmers in general and households’ belonging to the bottom of social class, in particular, was low. The basic infrastructure in the mandis, as well as information services especially awareness in general, is poor, except in better graded mandis. The improvement in the above mentioned services were needed so that it could attract farmers from all sections irrespective of their social class and landholding size. This would help marginalized farmers to improve their income on a sustainable basis.

Serving the low-income consumer in a rich economy: Dollar General racks up sales

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn Atwal ◽  
Douglas Bryson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The conceptualization of the Base of Pyramid (BOP) proposes that low-income markets can lead to profitable opportunities for businesses. The purpose of this study is to identify key success factors of a BOP business strategy based on a case study of the discount retailer, Dollar General, in the USA. Design/methodology/approach The research design used in this research is an in-depth case study of Dollar General in the USA. Qualitative methods are applied in both the primary and secondary data collection and during the follow-on data analysis of Dollar General. Findings Dollar General’s strategic profile is achieved through the combination of the following four actions which are tailored to compete effectively at the BOP in the USA: creating the neighborhood discounter, raising aspirational appeal, reducing service and eliminating internationalization. Research limitations/implications The case is specific to Dollar General in a US cultural context. Practical implications The case of Dollar General demonstrates how a discounter retailer should not only follow a low-cost strategy to compete at the BOP. Its ability to craft a distinctive strategy is coherent with meeting the logistical, rational and emotional needs of the low-income consumer in the USA. Social implications Many businesses have neglected rural areas of the USA as being unprofitable. The ability for businesses such as Dollar General to serve the BOP segment can foster the socio-economic well-being of communities. Originality/value The overwhelming body of the BOP literature is based on emerging markets. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the few studies to investigate BOP business strategy in the USA.

Agrarian Relations, Landlessness and Inequality: Case Study of Irrigated and Unirrigated Regions of Undivided Kalahandi

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-82
Author(s):  
Ramya Ranjan Patel
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Factor ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Advanced Capitalist

In rural areas, agriculture is the primary source of income, and the income depends on the primary factor of production, land. The higher the productivity of the land, the higher the income and general prosperity and lower the levels of poverty. However, it may not always be true if the benefit from the higher productivity accrues to a certain section of large farmers, bypassing the small ones. The study found that, the introduction of irrigation in a poverty-stricken region has promoted advanced capitalist farming and raised the level of output per unit of land. On the other hand, it has led to greater landlessness and inequality among various farm size groups. The benefit is concentrated among few farmers. In this process, there is greater ‘proletarianisation’, which needs to be stopped from worsening the situation further.

Repayment Performance of Self-Help Groups in Uttar Pradesh: An Empirical Investigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962110071
Author(s):  
Udai Bhan Singh ◽  
Tanushree Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Peer Group Pressure ◽  
Self Help Groups

This paper aims to study the determinants of repayment performance of self-help groups in India’s Uttar Pradesh state, which has one of the highest numbers of defaulting self-help groups. The study is based on primary data collected in 2017 through a field survey covering 300 members across 100 self-help groups from the rural areas of Sultanpur and Faizabad districts. The survey reveals an overall repayment rate of about 55% with better pay-back performance seen among members of old self-help groups. The results, computed with the help of the Tobit model, show that factors such as group maturity (age of the group), ratio of family workers to household size and household income are negatively associated with the incidence of delinquency while peer group pressure and social ties associate positively with delays and overdues.

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