The first insights on trans-galactooligosaccharide effects on fatty acids profile and microstructure of muscle in common carp

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effects of prebiotic GOS on muscle histomorphometry and the total lipid, total cholesterol content and fatty acids profile in the meat of common carp. The 60-day-long experiment was performed on one-year-old fish. Three diets were used in the experiment: control diet 1 (C) with no microbiota affecting feed additives, diet 2 (B1) with 1 % of GOS, and diet 3 (B2) with 2 % of GOS. At the end of the trial, 16 individuals from each treatment group were used for the analyses. Fish meat from the B1 group had significantly higher lipid content compared to B2, but neither B1 nor B2 groups were different from the control group. The percentages of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, indexes n-3/n-6, PUFA/SFA, AI and TI, and total cholesterol content were not affected, in contrast to C14:0, C16:1 n-7, C18:0, C18:2 n-6, C20:4 n-6, and total n-6 FA. GOS significantly increased the percentage of normal fibres, while the lower number of fibre atrophy and splitting were observed. The results confirm that diet supplemented with 2 % GOS may be recommended as feed additive in carp nutrition due to positive effects on some fatty acids profiles and muscle microstructure.

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Effect of dietary phyto-humic preparations on lipids indices of commercial laying hen eggs

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6197 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (03) ◽

pp. 6197-2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

FABIOLA BUBEL ◽

ZBIGNIEW DOBRZAŃSKI ◽

EUGENIUSZ R. GRELA ◽

ŁUKASZ BOBAK ◽

MACIEJ OZIEMBŁOWSKI

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Content ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Group A ◽

Dietary Value ◽

Thrombogenic Index ◽

Group B

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of three different phyto-humic feed preparations on the basic qualitative characteristics of eggs, i.e. total cholesterol content and fatty acid profile of the yolk. The study was carried out on 80 Lohmann Brown (LB) laying hens in an experimental facility with a floor maintenance system on a straw bedding (5 layers/m2). A control group (K) and three experimental ones (A, B, C), with 20 birds in each (in separate pens), were created. The birds were placed in the 16th week of life, while the experimental preparations were introduced in the 22nd week of life and were administered for 43 weeks (constant 3% addition to the feed mixture).The following preparations were applied: humic-peat (H-t) in group A, humic-herbal (H-z) in group B, and humic-lucerne (H-1) in group C. The eggs for the study were collected three times, 30 eggs from each group in the following periods: 1st series – 31st week of life (peak of laying period); 2nd series – 54th week of life (later phase of laying period) and 3rd series – 65th week of life (final phase of laying period). Six samples (mean of 5 well-mixed yolks) from each group in three laying periods (360 eggs were used in total) were prepared for laboratory analyzes (lipids examination). Laboratory analyzes were performed using a chromatograph – Finnigan Focus PolarisQ manufactured by Thermo Electron with capillary columns: HP-88 by Agilent J&W (fatty acids) and Rtx-1MS by Restek (cholesterol). The applied phytohumic preparations – but only those with a share of dried lucerne or herbs – significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced total cholesterol content, especially in group C (10.88 mg/g yolk) compared to group K (11.94 mg/g yolk). All preparations positively influenced the fatty acids profile of yolk; there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the concentration of n-3 PUFAs (max 2.84% in the group B), the n-6/n-3 ratio decreased significantly (most beneficial 8.33 in group B), and lipids quality improved: atherogenic index (AI) decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in group A (0.32) and thrombogenic index (TI) was a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower in all experimental groups (0.83 – 0.84) compared to group K (0.36 and 0.87 respectively). Dietary phyto-humic preparations increased the nutritional and dietary value of hen eggs.

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Effect of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle cholesterol level in fattening pigs

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0502049p ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (1-2) ◽

pp. 49-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Pieszka ◽

T. Barowicz ◽

W. Migdalt ◽

Branislav Zivkovic

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Level ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Cholesterol Content ◽

Control Group ◽

Longissimus Muscle ◽

Fresh Tissue ◽

Fattening Pigs

The effect of supplementing fattening pigs with oils differing in MUFA (monounusaturated fatty acids) and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) level addition for fatteners diets on the cholesterol content of m. longissimus was investigated. In a feeding trial with 48 crossbred pigs [? ($ White Polish Large x S Polish Landrace) x <$ Pietrain] randomly assigned to four treatments groups of 12 animals each (6 gilts and 6 barrows), dietary supplements of 3% maize, sunflower or linseed oil in the experimental groups and of 3% lard in the control group were applied. Total cholesterol in the longissimus muscle of linseed oil supplemented pigs was found to decrease significantly (PO.01) compared to the lard-fed pigs (60.75 vs. 71.37 mg/100 g of fresh tissue). Similar tendencies for reduced cholesterol level in longissimus muscle of sunflower and maize oil supplemented pigs were also noted. The production of pork with reduced total cholesterol seems to be important in terms of consumer health and culinary value.

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Microscopic structure of pig liver for use in feeding of natural feed additives LG-MAX and Sel-Plex

Naukovì dopovìdì Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu bìoresursiv ì prirodokoristuvannâ Ukraïni ◽

10.31548/dopovidi2021.04.012 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. A. Tkachuk ◽

◽

I. V. Yatsenko ◽

Ya. K. Serdyukov ◽

L. V. Tkachik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Histological Examination ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Thoracic Vertebrae ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Large White ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Experimental Group

The use of feed additives consisting of organic components and containing fatty acids, namely polyunsaturated fatty acids, of the omega-3 family, is necessary for the regulation of numerous biological processes and support of the body's metabolic homeostasis. The material for this study was young meat-lard pigs (Landrace + Large White) and muscle tissue samples from the longissimus dorsi (m. Longisimus dorsi) pigs taken at the level of 10-12 thoracic vertebrae, at the time of slaughter, at the end of the study period. For histological examination, the selected material was fixed in a 10% formalin solution according to Lilly, embedded in paraffin, and histosections with a thickness of 10 μm were made, which were stained with Karatsi's hematoxylin and eosin. The obtained preparations were examined under a light microscope with a Micros MCQ-2000 photo attachment. The liver of the pigs in the experimental groups did not differ in appearance from the liver of the pigs in the control group. However, according to the histological examination of the liver of the pigs of the experimental group, which were fed the feed additive LG-MAX 2.0 g / day, the presence of single dystrophic processes in hepatocytes was established in the liver of the pigs of the experimental group, which were fed the feed additive LG-MAX 4.0 g / day - the presence of granular and fatty infiltrative dystrophy and vascular hyperemia inside the lobule, and in the liver of pigs that were fed the feed additive LG-MAX 2.0 g / day together with Sel-Plex - in addition, a weakly expressed lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the stroma was established.

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Effects of a Trans-Galactooligosaccharide on Biochemical Blood Parameters and Intestine Morphometric Parameters of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10040723 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 723

Author(s):

Ewa Ziółkowska ◽

Joanna Bogucka ◽

Agata Dankowiakowska ◽

Mateusz Rawski ◽

Jan Mazurkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Common Carp ◽

Control Diet ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Stress Markers ◽

One Year

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a trans-galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on the growth performance, biochemical blood parameters, and intestine morphometric parameters of common carp. The 60-day-long experiment was performed on one-year-old fish with a mean body weight of 180 g (±5 g). Three diets were used: control diet 1 (C) with no microbiota affecting feed additives, diet 2 (B1) with 1% of prebiotic, and diet 3 (B2) with 2% of prebiotic, in four replications (tanks) per treatment and 25 fish per tank. At the end of the trial, 16 individuals from each group were used for analyses. The study showed that GOS supplementation did not affect growth performance. In turn, the prebiotic had a positive effect on the development of the intestine, and increased the height, width, and surface of the villi in B1 and B2 groups. The content of phosphorus (P) was significantly higher in B1 group compared with B2 group, which indicated that 1% addition of prebiotic causes better absorption of P from the intestine. The other biochemical indicators—namely lipid, protein and hepatic parameters, insulin, and Ca—were not affected by GOS treatment, which may indicate similar metabolic balance of fish in each experimental group. Serum triiodothyronine (TT3) and glucose (stress markers) concentrations were not significantly different among treatments groups. GOS may be recommended as a feed additive for common carp due to its positive effects on fish physiology and development of the gastrointestinal tract. However, our results suggest that 1% diet supplementation causes satisfactory reactions for the abovementioned aspects in comparison to control or 2% supplementation.

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ВЛИЯНИЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ МИНЕРАЛЬНО-ВИТАМИННОЙ КОРМОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ НА ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КРОВИ ТЕЛЯТ

Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo ◽

10.33943/mms.2020.56.61.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M.T. SABITOV ◽

A.R. FARKHUTDINOVA ◽

M.G. MALIKOVA ◽

N.G. FENCHENKO ◽

N.I. KHAIRULLINA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Food Additives ◽

Test Group ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Special Role ◽

Young Stock ◽

Black And White ◽

Calcium Phosphorus

Изучена целесообразность использования в рационах телят черно-пестрой породы комплексной минерально-витаминной кормовой добавки (КМВКД). Установлено пониженное содержание в кормах таких элементов, как кальций, фосфор, магний, сера, марганец, медь, цинк и кобальт. Соотношение питательных и минеральных веществ, степень их доступности для усвоения организмом не обеспечивают их потребность. Использование КМВКД способствовало улучшению всех гематологических показателей. Все испытываемые рецепты, имеющие в своем составе разные варианты макро-, микроэлементов и витаминов положительно влияют на обменные про- цессы в организме животных. У молодняка опытной группы, получавшей подкормку по рецепту 1, количество эритроцитов в сравнении с животными контрольной группы увеличилось на 6,6, гемоглобина на 6,93 соответственно, по рецепту 2 11,05 и 11,39 по рецепту 3 16,75 и 15,27, то есть соотношение макро- и микроэлементов, имеющихся в составе КМВКД и взаимодействие между собой меди, железа и кобальта сыграли особую роль на концентрацию форменных элементов. У молодняка, получавшего подкормку по рецепту 1 количество общего белка в сравнении с животными контрольной группы увеличилось на 1,99, кальция на 16,02, каротина на 10,92 соответственно, по рецепту 2 4,91, 25,96 и 19,12 по рецепту 3 на 3,58, 27,07 и 20,21. Значительное повышение содержания белка, кальция, фосфора и каротина по сравнению с животными контрольной группы объясняется тем, что недостаток их в рационах восполнялся за счет используемой подкормки, в результате их содержание увеличилось в сыворотке, но не выходило за пределы нормативных данных и соответствовало физиологическим нормам.Practicability of using a complex mineral and vitamin feed additive (CMVFA) in the ration of black-and-white calf breed was studied. Decreased content of such elements as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, copper, zinc, and cobalt was registered. The correlation of nutritive and mineral substances, and the level of their availability for digestion did not provide for their need. CMVFA use facilitated the increase of all hematologic parameters. Tested recipes which had different content of sapropel and zeolite, as well as various types of macronutrients, microelements, and vitamins, positively influenced the digestive processes in animal bodies. Young stock from the test group that was receiving food additives according to recipe No. 1 showed 6.6 increase in the quantity of red blood cells compared to control group animals, and 6.93 increase in hemoglobin quantity the ones who were fed according to recipe No. 2 demonstrated the increase by 11.05 and 11.39 recipe No. 3 showed 16.75 and 15.27 increase, which means that the ratio of macronutrients and microelements present in CMVFA and the mutual interaction of copper, iron, and cobalt played a special role in the concentration of formed elements due to the fact that they are integral elements of blood. Total protein of young stock that was receiving food additives according to recipe No. 1 was 1.99 higher than in test group animals calcium 16.02 higher carotene 10.92 as for recipe No. 2 the values were increased by 4.91, 25.96, and 19.12 recipe No. 3 3.58, 27.07, and 20.21. Substantial increase in the content of protein, calcium, phosphorus, and carotene compared to control group animals can be explained by the fact that their insufficiency in animal feed was replenished due to the use of feed additives, and as a result their content increased in the serum but did not go beyond the norm and corresponded to physiological norms.

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Application of Selenium Conjugated to Animal Protein in Laying Hens’ Diet for the Production of Selenium-Enriched Eggs

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1224

Author(s):

Kai Qiu ◽

Youbiao Ma ◽

Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Haijun Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Organic Selenium ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Immune Capacity ◽

Biochemical Indices

The current experiment was conducted to investigate the application effects of selenium conjugated to insect protein (SCIP) in the production of selenium-enriched eggs. A total of 450 laying hens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups, each group consisting of six replicates. Hens in the control group received a diet without selenium supplementation, whereas hens in the other four groups received diets supplemented with either 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg of selenium from SCIP. The productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immune capacity, biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, and oviduct health of laying hens were evaluated. The results showed that the supplementation of organic selenium provided by SCIP in the diets of laying hens enhanced performance and egg quality without any toxicity effect, even at the 10 mg/kg inclusion level. A level of 2 mg/kg of selenium provided by SCIP in diets tentatively improved the serum antioxidant and immune capacity, intestinal development, and oviduct health of laying hens in a conspicuous manner. Hence, the biosafety and positive effects of SCIP as a feed additive supplement in laying hens’ diet have been demonstrated with the enhanced production of safe and selenium-enriched eggs.

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Effects of a Trans-Galactooligosaccharide on Minerals Content of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Tissues

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-021-02600-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ewa Ziółkowska ◽

Joanna Bogucka ◽

Jan Mazurkiewicz ◽

Mateusz Rawski ◽

Szymon Różański ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Control Diet ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Whole Cells ◽

Freeze Dried

AbstractCommon carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) is a dominant fish species in aquaculture, and as it is a stomachless species, absorption and digestion of nutrients take place in the intestine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a prebiotic on the content of selected minerals found in the meat, gills, and skeleton of common carp. The research applied trans-galactooligosaccharide (GOS) prebiotic produced by enzymatic transgalactosylation of milk lactose by whole cells of Bifidobacterium bifidum. The following diets have been applied: control diet without feed additives (C), diet 2 (B1) with 1% of GOS, and diet 3 (B2) with 2% of GOS. In the freeze-dried samples, concentrations of the analyzed metals were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The content of phosphorus was determined using colorimetric method. The analyses confirmed that the highest level of Mg was detected in the skeleton of fish fed with 1% GOS (2.51 g kg−1) and was significantly higher compared the control treatment (2.11 g kg−1) (P < 0.05). Zn content in fish meat fed with 1% GOS (35.41 mg kg−1) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in the control group (24.59 mg kg−1). The tissue that accumulated the greatest amount of Zn was the gills. GOS had a positive effect on Fe accumulation in the meat, gills, and skeleton. It has been concluded that supplementation of feed with 2% GOS significantly influenced the positive correlations between Mg and P in the meat and skeleton, Fe–Ca correlation in gills, and Fe–Zn correlation in the skeleton.

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Effect of Humic Substances as Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, and Health Condition of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2266

Author(s):

Markéta Prokešová ◽

Milena Bušová ◽

Mahyar Zare ◽

Hung Quang Tran ◽

Eliška Kučerová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Feed Additive ◽

African Catfish ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Total N ◽

Positive Effects

In the present study, a possible nature immunostimulant and growth promoter—humic substances (HS) originating from Siberian leonardite mineraloid—were tested on juvenile Clarias gariepinus performance. Feed additive was applied onto commercial pelleted feed at four HS levels—0, 1, 3, and 6% w/w (HS0, HS1, HS3, HS6, respectively). Diets were tested in five repetitions (in total, n = 1800 individuals, mean body weight 28.1 ± 6.2 g) for 56 days. Growth and production parameters, fish condition and somatic indices, and overall mortality were evaluated after 14, 28, 42, and 56 days of exposure. Whereas, plasma samples were collected only after 0, 28, and 56 days, when fish health status was assessed with biochemical parameters (total proteins, TP; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; cholesterol, CHOL; triglycerides, TAG) and fish antioxidant status with glutathione (reduced glutathione, GSH; oxidized glutathione, GSSG; glutathione ratio GSH/GSSG). Although a significantly positive effect of HS feed additive on growth performance was not found in the present study, moderately positive effects were found regarding biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, LDH, CHOL, and TAG) and antioxidants (GSH/GSSG ratio) that were improved especially in the HS3 group.

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The Influence of Highly Dispersed Metal Forms on Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Polygastric Animals

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v7i1.10142 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Makaeva Ayna Maratovna ◽

Sizova Elena Anatolevna ◽

Atlanderova Ksenya Nikolaevna

Keyword(s):

Feed Additives ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Utilization Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Ruminal Fluid ◽

Group I ◽

Calcium And Phosphorus ◽

Group Ii ◽

Experimental Group

Determining which forms of mineral feed additives can increase farm animal productivity is a key area of research. This study assessed the mineral composition of ruminal fluid and the effectiveness of calcium and phosphorus used by animals after the introduction of finely dispersed particles (FDP) of SiO2 (group I) and FeCo (group II) with a hydrodynamic radius of 109.6 ± 16.6 and 265 ± 25 nm, respectively. The deposition and use of calcium and phosphorus in the body of the experimental animals exceeded the control values. In group I, 30.8% more calcium was deposited (p ≥ 0.05), and in group II, the value was 30.3% (p ≥ 0.01). In the experimental groups, the calcium utilization rate was 27.3% higher in group I (p ≥ 0.05), and 28.2% higher in group II (p ≥ 0.01) compared to in the control. Phosphorus deposition was 34% higher (p ≤ 0.01) in experimental group I and 6% higher in experimental group II, compared with the control. Group I had a high utilization rate of phosphorus from the feed (with a 29% difference compared to the control). Comparison of the experimental groups revealed that the introduction of SiO2 FDP promoted an increase in the concentration of silicon, phosphorus, and calcium in the ruminal fluid. The introduction of FeCo FDP was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of iron and cobalt in the ruminal fluid. Thus, the use of feed additive in finely dispersed form in the diet of animals was accompanied by an increase in the use of calcium and phosphorus by the animal’s body, which is advisable when intensifying milk and meat productivity. The obtained results require further research. Keywords: finely dispersed forms of microelements, ruminants, calcium and phosphorus exchange, feeding

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The Effect of Feeding Chicken and Geese Broilers with Different Cereals on the Fatty Acids Profile in Meat

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10112879 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2879

Author(s):

Piotr Janiszewski ◽

Dariusz Lisiak ◽

Karol Borzuta ◽

Eugenia Grześkowiak ◽

Tomasz Schwarz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Rapeseed Oil ◽

Control Group ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Pufa Ratio ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Hybrid Rye ◽

Effect Of Feeding

The research was conducted on the effect of bird broilers fed with different hybrid rye doses on the fatty acids profile in muscle. The first experiment was performed on 3 geese broilers groups fed with hybrid rye, oats or hybrid rye and oats mix in proportion 1:1. No effect of the hybrid rye feeding of geese on the SFA level in meat was observed, but the MUFA level was significantly higher and PUFA level and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio were significantly lower than in geese fed with oats. The second experiment was performed on 3 chicken broiler groups fed with mix of corn, wheat, soybean meal and rapeseed oil (control group), and fed with an addition of 10% or 20% hybrid rye in diet (experimental groups). No effect of hybrid rye feeding of chicken broilers on the meat quality and SFA level was observed. However, the MUFA level was higher and the PUFA level and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio were lower in meat of chicken broilers fed with hybrid rye. In conclusion hybrid rye is a healthy ingredient in the diet of studied birds and may be used up to 20% in chicken broilers and 50% in the diets of geese. A 100% hybrid rye in geese diet caused lower final body weight.

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