EXPRESSIVENESS OF SPEECH AS AN ESSENTIAL SIGN OF COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE OF LAWYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Marina N. Zinyatova ◽  
◽  
Nadezhda V. Prokoptseva ◽  
Inna R. Kucher ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Condi Tions ◽  
Professional Profile ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
State Of Affairs

In the conditions of intensification of various aspects of human life, the training of specialists who meet the needs of society and the state is of particular importance. The professional profile of a lawyer, according to the normative documents, assumes as an obligatory component of le-gal competence the ability to reasonably and clearly construct oral and written speech, as well as to carry out written and oral communication in Russian. Expressiveness of speech is an inte-gral element of these competencies. However, as practice shows, the culture of speech of specialists in the field of law cannot be considered sufficient, which clearly indicates a contradic-tion between the official requirements for specialists in this field and the real state of affairs. It occurs mainly due to the relatively low level of knowledge on the issues of achieving expressive-ness of speech, as well as due to ignoring this requirement as a component of the communicative culture of a lawyer. The revealed discrepancy determined the purpose of the work, the essence of which is to consider expressiveness as the quality of speech of lawyers, from the standpoint of its essential characteristics, as well as methods and conditions of implementation. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the current definitions of the concept of “expressiveness of speech” was carried out, which made it possible to substantiate the following: the expressive speech, subject to the condi-tions imposed on it, is definite, consistent, substantiated, understandable and expressive. To achieve expressiveness in a public legal environment, various tropes are used (comparison, metaphors, epithets, personifications, and others) and figures of speech (antithesis, anaphora, epiphora, repetitions, inversion, and the like). Theoretical and empirical study of the literature, corresponding to the selected problem, made it possible to conclude that knowledge of the essential features of expressiveness as a quality of speech and mastery of the methods of its implementation, under certain conditions, allow a lawyer to increase the efficiency of communication in professional activities.

The Human Predicament

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Benatar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Human Predicament ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Individual Human

The Human Predicament engages life’s big questions. Are our lives meaningless? Is death bad? Would immortality be better? Alternatively, should we hasten our deaths by acts of suicide? Many people are tempted to offer comforting, optimistic answers to these existential questions. The Human Predicament offers a less sanguine assessment and defends a substantial, but not unmitigated, pessimism. It is argued that while our lives can have some meaning, we are ultimately the insignificant beings that we fear we are. There is no point to human life as a whole, and individual human lives have no cosmic purpose. Nor is meaning the only way in which our lives are deficient. A candid appraisal reveals that the quality of life, although less bad for some people than for others, leaves much to be desired in even the best cases. Death, however, is not generally the solution. It exacerbates rather than mitigates our cosmic meaninglessness. It can release us from suffering but even when it does, it imposes another cost—annihilation. The human predicament is thus forged by both life and death. This unfortunate state of affairs has nuanced implications for how we should think about immortality and suicide, which are also discussed in The Human Predicament.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CDIO APPROACH TO ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN THE SYSTEM OF TRAINING FUTURE ECONOMISTS AND MANAGERS

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
G. DUTKA ◽  
G. LUTSENKO
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Common ◽  
Design Skills

Conceptual frameworks and principles of CDIO approach in the context of modernization of engineering education are considered. The correspondence between CDIO approaches to the description of learning outcomes and competency-based approach is analyzed. The direction of the implementation of CDIO approach for other specialties is specified. The possibilities of design of  interdisciplinary educational programmes are considered. Approaches of  the using of CDIO in economics and management education are considered.By studying the research of foreign authors, we have found several attempts to adapt the CDIO approach to the needs of economic education. The common motive for such activities, which researchers emphasize, is to enhance the relevance of economic education in the context of further professional activities and to improve the quality of vocational training through the development of design skills and  general competencies related, inter alia, to  project management, work in multidisciplinary teams, communication and collaboration . The difficulties encountered by the researchers include the low level of knowledge of teachers and the management of OHS about the possibilities of the CDIO approach, which complicates the implementation process. Overcoming this is possible through the organization of joint projects for students of different specialties, trainings and internships for teachers of non-engineering specialties.

scholarly journals Psychological Education as the basis for the Training of Taxi Drivers in a Megalopolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3872-3875
Keyword(s):  
Taxi Driver ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Current State ◽  
Taxi Service ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Education ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of the problem is due to an increase in the number of complaints about the quality of taxi companies, an increase in the number of road accidents involving taxi cars, conflicts in the taxi driver – passenger system, and the lack of a professional taxi driver standard in Russia, despite the extremely dynamic development of this sector and the first place by the mass driver’s profession over the past fifteen years, which indicates the need to develop effective psychological programs education whose introduction in training drivers megalopolis taxis could lead to minimize these negative aspects of the current state of the taxi service. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to develop a possible version of such a program, its testing and diagnostics for the effectiveness of the formation in taxi drivers of a megalopolis of methods of social interaction with passengers and the management of a taxi company, reducing the level of conflict tension and general mental stress in the framework of their professional work. The leading research method for this problem is the experimental method, which allows evaluating the effectiveness of the impact of psychological education on the psychological characteristics of taxi drivers, affecting the organization and effectiveness of their professional work. The article presents the author’s developed program for the psychological education of megalopolis taxi drivers and the results of its application in practice, which indicate a decrease in the level of perception of the conflict between the taxi driver and the participants in their labor interpersonal interaction, and an increase in the level of knowledge of drivers about the characteristics of problems in professional activities. Article materials may be useful for personnel of taxi services organizations engaged in the selection of taxi drivers and their advanced training.

Management of Economics and State "Bottom"

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
E. D. Solozhentsev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific problem of economics “Managing the quality of human life” is formulated on the basis of artificial intelligence, algebra of logic and logical-probabilistic calculus. Managing the quality of human life is represented by managing the processes of his treatment, training and decision making. Events in these processes and the corresponding logical variables relate to the behavior of a person, other persons and infrastructure. The processes of the quality of human life are modeled, analyzed and managed with the participation of the person himself. Scenarios and structural, logical and probabilistic models of managing the quality of human life are given. Special software for quality management is described. The relationship of human quality of life and the digital economy is examined. We consider the role of public opinion in the management of the “bottom” based on the synthesis of many studies on the management of the economics and the state. The bottom management is also feedback from the top management.

Modern Approaches to the Teaching of Risk Scienceat a University

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 94-110
Author(s):  
V. V. Gamukin
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Basic Competencies ◽  
Internal Rating ◽  
Rating Method ◽  
Intuitive Method ◽  
Numeric Rating

Purpose. Disclosure of the peculiarities of the organization of modern training of university students with a risky perception of reality in order to form basic competencies for future professional activities.Methods. As part of the study, the following were used: the systematization method, the structural analysis method and the numeric rating method.Results. The peculiarities of riskology training in the construction of an individual educational route are determined, in which the possibility of students independently choosing disciplines to realize their own interests in various fields of knowledge is used. Methods of obtaining risk identification skills from trainees are formulated. It is determined that using the intuitive method of risk formalization is the most accessible and expeditious way to remember the possibility of risks. The need to develop a sustainable habit of assessing risks in the future and in fact is justified. This skill is successfully developed using a numeric rating method. The need to develop an internal rating scale for each student is justified, which is useful for making decisions. Disclosed is a method of assimilating risk analysis skills in dynamics. This allows you to identify the development of forecast estimates in comparison with the fact for each individual risk and compile several risks.Conclusion. An educational experiment on the introduction of the Riskology discipline for students ofTyumenStateUniversity suggests that they have successfully overcome the stage of high risk of perception of reality that arose during the COVID-19 pandemic. The acquired knowledge and practical skills will ensure a similar perception of other events in their lives and professional activities. It is necessary to fully expand such practices and find an opportunity to supplement educational programs in universities, regardless of their orientation, with disciplines that directly reveal the nature of risk in human life and give them the ability to manage them.

Model Kajian Pesantren: Studi Kritis terhadap Buku Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren karya Mastuhu

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-421
Author(s):  
Fauzi Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Work Content ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Cultural Aspect ◽  
Religious Aspect

As typical Indonesian education institute, pesantren with all its component, tradition, culture, and uniqueness have drawn attention many expert and researchers. Pesantren existence has given great contribution to enhancement of the quality of human life. Many role have been played by pesantren; in social, political, economics, cultural aspect; and of course religious aspect which its basic study. These realities in turn have invited the attention of many circles to continuously examine, checking, or studying dynamics, growth, and also existence of pesantren. Among the study result is Mastuhu’s research: Dynamics of System of Education Pesantren, a Study about Element and Value of Pesantren Educational System. With this masterpiece, Mastuhu trying to promote the form of study pesantren which do not merely touching manifest (visible) aspect, but trying to find the values which is consisted inside that manifest; so can found positive, negative, and plus-minus items from pesantren’s education which need and needn’t to be developed in national’s education system. Through this article, the writer will express the work content from a perspective of its study approach.

Influence of the content of postgraduate education of radiologists on the number of diagnostic pitfalls

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
S. Р. Morozov ◽  
A. V. Kvasyuk ◽  
N. N. Vetsheva ◽  
N. V. Ledikhova ◽  
D. N. Kureshova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Specialty Differences ◽  
Medical Radiology

Background.Question about the quality and format of postgraduate education of doctors raises increasingly in recent years. Development of professional standards and transition to a system of continuing professional education have allowed professional communities to raise issues of the quality of modern education but there is no clear evidence of the dependence of the level of education and the quality of medical care in the accessible literature. Experts of Research and Practical Center of Medical Radiology carried out the identification of dependence of post-graduate education length for radiologists and the quality of their work that can serve as a rationale for amending the system of doctors training.Patients and methods.The data on education and actual work of 85 radiologists of out-patient and in-patient units of medical organizations of the Moscow Healthcare Department have been analyzed. According to the results of the audit of diagnostic studies, carried out in the “Unified Radiological Information Service” system by the specialists of the Research and Practical Center of Medical Radiology, the final assessment of the work of each radiologist was formed, which reflects the presence or absence of diagnostic discrepancies.Results.Parameters of diagnostic errors depending on the age of doctors, the general length of service and the length of service as radiologist, the duration of postgraduate education in the clinical specialty and the specialty “radiology” have been compared.As a result of the analysis, it was found that the increase in the proportion of diagnostic differences is directly related to the increase in the age of the doctor and does not depend on either the length of service or the time of work in the specialty. Differences between the groups of physicians with the largest (professional retraining after clinical residency) and the smallest (clinical education + radiology) percentage of clinically significant discrepancies are statistically significant (p = 0.05, at the normative value of the Student's test score of 2.16).Conclusion.The inverse relationship between the duration of training of the radiologist in the specialty and the proportion of diagnostic errors, which can serve as a significant justification for making proposals for the exclusion of professional retraining within 576 hours for admission to professional activities of radiologists.

Quality indicator of the smart city transportation and logistics system

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2116-2135
Author(s):  
G.V. Savin
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Organization And Management

Subject. The article considers functioning and development of process flows of transportation and logistics system of a smart city. Objectives. The study identifies factors and dependencies of the quality of human life on the organization and management of stream processes. Methods. I perform a comparative analysis of previous studies, taking into account the uniquely designed results, and the econometric analysis. Results. The study builds multiple regression models that are associated with stream processes, highlights interdependent indicators of temporary traffic and pollution that affect the indicator of life quality. However, the identified congestion indicator enables to predict the time spent in traffic jams per year for all participants of stream processes. Conclusions. The introduction of modern intelligent transportation systems as a component of the transportation and logistics system of a smart city does not fully solve the problems of congestion in cities at the current rate of urbanization and motorization. A viable solution is to develop cooperative and autonomous intelligent transportation systems based on the logistics approach. This will ensure control over congestion, the reduction of which will contribute to improving the life quality of people in urban areas.

From the Synergy to the Discrimination - Analysis of Attitudes and Decisions of the Prison Staff Towards Muslim Prisoners in the Context of Multicultural Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Diverse Groups

The aspiration to keep the synergy in relations between majorities and minorities repeatedly emerges as the cause of conflicts in social relations. It is also a subject of the interest of the multicultural education, particularly in countries of Eastern Europe, building contacts with the culturally and ethnically diverse groups to a wider scale. Relations in culturally, religiously and ethnic diverse societies, are becoming more and more related to the personal attitudes and a given policy. These issues acquire in the prison circumstances even greater significance, as given moods and personal attitudes of the prison staff create the pragmatic aspects of the professional activities addressed to the sentenced. Additionally, the key role is played by the quality of the penitentiary policy and the legal culture. The article presents the comparative analysis of the research carried out in 2016 amongst the prison staff in Poland. The subject of the research concerned attitudes that influence the decisive processes. The personal relations have been analyzed in the context of the relation with the sentenced Muslims. The aim of the research was not only to reveal the quality of the decisions concerning the sentenced Muslims, but also the sources of such decisions. The latter, in consequence, may shift, as the research results prove, towards synergy or discrimination. The diversification of the discrimination was one of the intriguing aspects, disclosed at various levels that not always explicitly concerned the discrimination of the minority.

METHODS OF NETWORK COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE DEVELOPING WHEN PREPARING FUTURE TEACHERS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE ELECTRONIC EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Kostikova N.A.
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Selection Of

Currently, in the context of the widespread use of e-learning technologies and distance educational technologies, it is necessary to train future teachers, taking into account the peculiarities of solving professional problems in an electronic information and educational environment, to develop students' relevant competencies, including network communicative competence. Despite the large number of studies devoted to the communicative aspect of the teacher's activities, the problem of the formation of network communicative competence in the electronic information and educational environment has not been sufficiently studied. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the results of the questionnaire survey of students, some methods of forming network communicative competence in future teachers in the study of various disciplines, in the course of teaching practice, and scientific research are proposed. The analysis of the conditions and factors that determine the choice of methods for the formation of the specified competence has been carried out. These factors are associated with the teachers' perception of the peculiarities of communication in the electronic information and educational environment, the didactic and communicative potential of resources and tools of the electronic information and educational environment, the choice of methods and technologies for organizing interaction, the selection of educational material that allows the development of components of network communicative competence, the design of tasks and exercises for the development of network communicative competence, the choice of modes, schemes and forms of organization of interaction, the organization of feedback, control of the level of formation of the network communicative competence, the implementation of reflection. The formed network communicative competence will contribute to a more effective solution by the teacher of communicative tasks in the electronic information and educational environment, which will improve the quality of training of future teachers in the electronic information and educational environment.

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