Fındık Tarımında Durum Analizi, Makineli Hasat Gerekliliği ve Hasat Makinelerinin Sınıflandırılması

Hazelnut has an annual export revenue of approximately $2 billion as an important product for our country. About 65% of world’s hazelnut production is harvesting in Turkey. Due to the appropriate climatic conditions and availability of harvesting in the extreme sloppy and less qualified agricultural land of Ordu, Giresun and Trabzon, the protection and development of hazelnut-planted areas becomes among the priority issues. Due to the fact that machine farming has not been passed or not widespread in this region, production costs have increased such that they remain at very high levels when compared with other countries or other cities in Turkey. In this study, it has focused on hazelnut situation analysis, classification of harvesting machines, the necessity of mechanized harvesting, and sustainability of the hazelnut cultivation in less qualified sloppy mountainous areas.

Download Full-text

Creating large-scale maps for agriculture using remote sensing

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202122703002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 227 ◽

pp. 03002

Author(s):

Gayrat Yakubov ◽

Khamid Mubarakov ◽

Ilkhomjon Abdullaev ◽

Azizjon Ruziyev

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Large Scale ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Land Resources ◽

Agricultural Lands ◽

Very High Spatial Resolution ◽

Very High ◽

Real State

Reliable information on the real state of agricultural lands will be required to the development of appropriate measures for the rational use of agricultural lands. To obtain such information, it is necessary to keep permanent and systematic records and inventories of land resources. Large-scale special plans and maps will be required for accounting, inventory and classification of agricultural land. Currently in Uzbekistan such cartographic materials are being created on the scale 1: 10 000 and 1: 25 000 by administrative and territorial units, farms or individual land plots. The article considers the issues of creation of special maps of agricultural land in scale 1:10000 on the example of Sharof Rashidov district of Jizzakh region using remote sensing data with very high spatial resolution KOMPSAT-3.

Download Full-text

Land Use Favourability Assessment Based on Soil Characteristics and Anthropic Pollution. Case Study Somesul Mic Valley Corridor, Romania

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10091245 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ioan Matei ◽

Ioan Pacurar ◽

Sanda Rosca ◽

Stefan Bilasco ◽

Paul Sestras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Pollution ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Arable Land ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Gis Technology

The Someș Corridor, located in the central Transylvanian region of Romania, is a territory characterised by favourable conditions for habitation and land use with agricultural purposes, offering suitable premises for the development of the settlements and the economic activities taking place in the area. This study aims to identify the parcels of land from outside the built-up area, which can be used as arable land, this particular use being pursued due to the favourability induced by the pedological resources, the morphometrical characteristics of the Someș floodplain and, last but not least, the climatic conditions. GIS technology has been used, enabling the management of the databases representing soil, topography and climatic factors, and thus obtaining the classification of all land parcels using favourability classes for agricultural land use. In order to perform a correct favourability classification, the degree of soil pollution and groundwater pollution have been analysed, using chemical tests of water and soil profiles taken in the area of former abandoned industrial platforms, which are intended to be reintroduced in the local economic use. The highest degree of soil pollution with ammonium and sulphates has been identified in the industrial park from Dej city, on the territory of the former industrial platform of the paper factory, this pollution modifying the quality scores of arable land use, despite the fulfilment of favourable climatic and topographic conditions.

Download Full-text

Growing season and productivity of naked oats

Agricultural science Euro-North-East ◽

10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.3.245-252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 245-252

Author(s):

N. V. Krotova ◽

G. A. Batalova ◽

Ren Changzhong ◽

G. P. Zhuravleva

Keyword(s):

Growing Season ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Early Variety ◽

Naked Oat ◽

Coefficients Of Variation ◽

The Usa ◽

Naked Oats ◽

Very High ◽

Sustainable Productivity

A well-studied source material is required for breeding problems to be successfully solved. Evaluation of samples in varying climatic conditions enables to identify highly productive sources. The results of assessment of 56 naked oat varieties of different ecological-geographical origin by duration of the growing season are presented. The studies were carried out in 2017 - 2019 on the sod-podzolic middle-clay soils of the Kirov region. Considerable differences between variety samples according to periods of ripening have been revealed. Classification of naked oat samples by duration of growing season for Volga-Vyatka region is proposed. The most numerous were the groups of middle season and middle-late samples – 41.1 and 35.7 %, respectively, late samples – 17.8 %. The set of early variety samples was very limited (5.4 %). The productivity of naked oat samples varied by years, variation level changed from insignificant to very high (V = 7.91...91.76 %). In the group of early varieties, coefficients of variation were 21.47...34.58 % with productivity of 165...330 g/m2. The evaluation of middle season samples showed mainly high and very high levels of variation in productivity. The exception was made by samples of Belarus k-3899 BYAS-154 (7.91 %) and 15094 MF9521-247 (16.83 %) from the USA with productivity of 139...161 and 182...244 g/m2, respectively. In middle-late and late variety samples, the coefficients of variation within the group were 21.44...68.36 %, and 26.25...68.75 %, respectively. Middle season samples with sustainable productivity are recommended for use in breeding practice, they are k-3897 BYAS-156, k-3898 BYAS-155 (Belarus), 15155 MF9016-31 (USA).

Download Full-text

Improving management as a way to increase labour productivity

Upravlenie ◽

10.26425/2309-3633-2020-8-4-24-30 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

A. O. Ivanov

Keyword(s):

Productivity Growth ◽

Labour Productivity ◽

Production Costs ◽

Managerial Practices ◽

Industrial Enterprises ◽

Labour Productivity Growth ◽

Period 2 ◽

Main Factors ◽

The Moment

The article gives an overview, performs analysis and classification of successful managerial practices applied at Russian industrial enterprises in the framework of the national project “Labour productivity and employment support”. The paper emphasizes the main factors of labour productivity growth as follows: investment policy, growth of human capital, and efficient use of managerial capital of enterprise. In order to determine the need of enterprises to increase labour productivity, the author proposes four universal criteria that signal the existing inefficiency even before the loss of competitiveness: 1) the dynamics of labour productivity in the company is not positive during a given period; 2) the company is behind competitors by labour productivity indicator; 3) the company is behind competitors by labour productivity growth rates indicator for a certain period; 4) unit production costs rise. These criteria allow you to take into account the situation both within the enterprise and in comparison with other enterprises. Each criteria can be considered separately or in combination with the others, applied to enterprises of different industries, specialization, and scale. Criteria indicate the direction of development in which the company is experiencing difficulties at the moment, or may experience them in the future.

Download Full-text

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF USE LAND IN CONDITIONS OF INFRINGEMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS

Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development ◽

10.37100/2616-7689/2018/1-2(21-22)/11 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 58-61

Author(s):

Oksana Sakal

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Social Welfare ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Economic Value ◽

Economic Effectiveness ◽

Land User ◽

Total Economic Value ◽

Definition Of ◽

Welfare Theory

The article is devoted doctrinal issues of environmental and economic effectiveness of use land in conditions of infringement of institutional transformations. The modern approaches to the definition of content of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use are analyzed. It is established that the overwhelming majority of domestic researchers interpret this notion regarding the use of agricultural land or farm land. It is proved that such an approach is justified, taking into account the structure of the land fund of Ukraine. However, this reduces other goals of the land user and functions of the land. It is proposed to investigate the category of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use in accordance with the provisions of the ecological economics, social welfare theory, and concept of total economic value. Based on the classification of land functions, the criteria of selection material content and social form of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use are determined.

Download Full-text

Effective Method for Diagnosing Continuous Welded Track Condition Based on Experimental Research

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14102889 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2889

Author(s):

Jacek Kukulski ◽

Piotr Gołębiowski ◽

Jacek Makowski ◽

Ilona Jacyna-Gołda ◽

Jolanta Żak

Keyword(s):

Experimental Research ◽

Thermal Stresses ◽

Longitudinal Force ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Traffic Load ◽

Empirical Formulas ◽

Correct Operation ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Track Condition ◽

Very High

The correct operation of the continuous welded track requires diagnosing its condition and preparation of track metrics requiring measurements of displacements of rail under operation. This is required as there are additional thermal stresses in the rails with values depending on the temperature changes of the rails. Therefore, the climatic conditions are important. This paper presents the original effective analytical method for diagnosing the condition of continuous welded track based on experimental research. The method allows for an appropriate repair or maintenance recommendation. In the experimental research, the authors considered track diagnostic conditions for two conditions: track under load and track without load. This paper presents empirical formulas for calculating rail temperature and longitudinal force based on ambient temperature, developed from long-term measurements. The formulas were developed for a track located on a straight section—both for a rail loaded and unloaded with a passing train under the following conditions: 60E1 rail, not on an engineering structure, conventional surface, wooden sleepers and very high train traffic load. The obtained results in the value of the correlation coefficient R2 ≥ 0.995 attest to very high accuracy of the calculations performed with the method proposed by the authors.

Download Full-text

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from monoculture and rotational cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss06015 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 163-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

C F Drury ◽

X M Yang ◽

W D Reynolds ◽

N B McLaughlin

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Application Rate ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Previous Crop

It is well established that nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural land are influenced by the type of crop grown, the form and amount of nitrogen (N) applied, and the soil and climatic conditions under which the crop is grown. Crop rotation adds another dimension that is often overlooked, however, as the crop residue being decomposed and supplying soluble carbon to soil biota is usually from a different crop than the crop that is currently growing. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the influence of both the crop grown and the residues from the preceding crop on N2O and CO2 emissions from soil. In particular, N2O and CO2 emissions from monoculture cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat were compared with 2 -yr and 3-yr crop rotations (corn-soybean or corn-soybean-winter wheat). Each phase of the rotation was measured each year. Averaged over three growing seasons (from April to October), annual N2O emissions were about 3.1 to 5.1 times greater in monoculture corn (2.62 kg N ha-1) compared with either monoculture soybean (0.84 kg N ha-1) or monoculture winter wheat (0.51 kg N ha-1). This was due in part to the higher inorganic N levels in the soil resulting from the higher N application rate with corn (170 kg N ha-1) than winter wheat (83 kg N ha-1) or soybean (no N applied). Further, the previous crop also influenced the extent of N2O emissions in the current crop year. When corn followed corn, the average N2O emissions (2.62 kg N ha-1) were about twice as high as when corn followed soybean (1.34 kg N ha-1) and about 60% greater than when corn followed winter wheat (1.64 kg N ha-1). Monoculture winter wheat had about 45% greater CO2 emissions than monoculture corn or 51% greater emissions than monoculture soybean. In the corn phase, CO2 emissions were greater when the previous crop was winter wheat (5.03 t C ha-1) than when it was soybean (4.20 t C ha-1) or corn (3.91 t C ha-1). Hence, N2O and CO2 emissions from agricultural fields are influenced by both the current crop and the previous crop, and this should be accounted for in both estimates and forecasts of the emissions of these important greenhouse gases. Key words: Denitrification, soil respiration, rotation, crop residue

Download Full-text