scholarly journals Kearifan Lokal dan Hambatan Inovasi Pertanian Suku Pedalaman Arfak di Kabupaten Manokwari Papua Barat

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Basita G Sugihen ◽  
Pang S Asngari ◽  
Djoko Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Conservative System ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Village People ◽  
Papua Barat ◽  
Short Time

<p><em>West Papua</em><em> has the various natural resources and the human resources which have not yet been empowered optimally. Although the agriculture activities has been introduced for a long time, the subsistens agriculture has still dominated in the Arfak Tribal Group agriculture system. In their agriculture activities, the new innovation has been adopted for a short time. The new innovation on agricultural system has been considered as a disturbance of their conservative norms. But this theory disagreed by Boef et al. (1993:206) as noted that the conservative system is not the cause but the top down agriculture program which contradicted with the local wisdoms. This research is aimed to: to find the knowledge system and the local technology of Arfak people, and identify the social culture values (norms, traditional system, custom) both the supporting and the obstructing the farm of Arfak people. The results of the research showed that: (1) The Arfak tribe (people) have the indegenous knowledge to protect and to concervate the forest and to defend the food stability by the three ways, i.e (a) The three period planting, (b) multiplecrop system, (c) the natural food barn. (2) Much of the economic income has been used to fullfilled the requirements of the traditions as  marrying, death, punishment of the tradition, and local fest. They are also fear to go out by the home because they believe to the supernatural power as called “Swanggi” which sent by the other village people. </em></p>

scholarly journals PROSES ADOPSI INOVASI PERTANIAN SUKU PEDALAMAN ARFAK DI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI – PAPUA BARAT

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Basita Ginting Sugihen ◽  
Pang S. Asngari ◽  
Djoko Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Extension Education ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Tribal Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Although the agriculture activities has been introduced for relatively a long time, the subsistent agriculture of the Arfak Tribal Group has still dominated in their agriculture system. In their agriculture activities, the new innovations has been adopted for a short time. The new innovations to be seen as a disturbance to their conservative norms. But this theory disagreed by Boef et al. (1993:206) as noted that the conservative system is not the cause but the top down agriculture program which contradicted with the local norms. This research are aimed to:(1) Identify the factors influencing the adoption process by the Arfak tribal group.(2)Identify the perceptions of the Arfak people about the agriculture innovations and extension education which they received from the government.(3) Identify the social culture values (norms, traditional system, custom) both the supporting and the obstructing the farm of Arfak people. The research used survey method and participation observation. Data are analized by proportion analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of the research showed that:(1) The social capital which supported the innovations adoption process by the Arfak tribe are emphaty ability, cosmopolitant behaviour, creative and innovative ability.(2) There are significant correlation between the Arfak people with their learning needs, social culture, and responsive behavior of extension education launched by the government officials

scholarly journals Methodology for the implementation of e-learning class during the COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Montuori ◽  
Manuel Alcázar-Ortega ◽  
Carlos Vargas-Salgado ◽  
Paula Bastida-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Traditional System ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
E Learning ◽  
On Line ◽  
Entire Society ◽  
The Government ◽  
Short Time ◽  
On Line Learning

The serious situation caused by the coronavirus has forced Authorities to take drastic decisions that have affected the normal functioning of the entire society. One of the most impactful measures taken has been the self-discipline of the social distancing as the entire society has been obliged to stay at home. At the education level, restrictions ordered by the Authorities have limited the access to all professors and students at the academic centers. In Spain, the state of alarm decreed by the Government has affected the entire Academic course and therefore, in order to be able to preserve the public service, the Polytechnic University of Valencia, in just a week, has been asked to revise the entire programs and settle on-line courses for more than 35.000 students in multiples disciplines. Within this framework, a methodology has been developed for the implementation of on-line learning courses in a period of crisis within a short time. On-line learning has been demonstrated to be effective as face-to-face education, becoming one of the most popular higher education alternatives. However, students engaged in on-line classes result to be less engaged in collaborative learning, student-faculty interactions, and discussions with their classmates if compared to the traditional system. In this context, the barriers of on-line teaching classes have been investigated and tools to overcome them have been proposed. Finally, a real application to the Polytechnic University of Valencia is presented.

Short-Time Tests for Long-Time Endurance

1923 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-264
Author(s):  
J. W. Harsch
Keyword(s):  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

ISLAM PADA MASA KESULTANAN BANTEN

ALQALAM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Maftuh Maftuh
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Islamic Militancy ◽  
Religious Understanding

For many observers, Banten is well known as an area where the population has a strict religious understanding onislamic law. Colonial officials and experts in Islamic studies such as Snouck Hurgronje and GF Pijper, testified that compared to other Muslims across Java , Muslim in Banten and Cirebon were stricter in practicing Islam . The phenomenon of the social life of the religious community in Banten is necessarily formed within a very long time span. This paper traces the root of the formation of public religious understanding ojMuslim in Banten. Using a socio-historical approach, this paper then leads to the conclusion that the sultan of Banten issued policies that had a greater emphasis to the adherence to the Shari'a rather than Sufism. Religious orientation on the fiqh-oriented can explain the Islamic militancy Banten community, as witnessed by the colonial officials, and even still can be seen up to this present moment.Key words: Jslamization, Sultanate, Banten

Regional Disparities of the Social Innovation Potential in the Visegrad Countries: Causes and Consequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
György Kocziszky ◽  
Dóra Szendi
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Complex Character ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
The Social ◽  
Territorial Disparities ◽  
Active Contribution ◽  
Visegrád Countries

Abstract The international literature is paying significant and increasing attention to the analysis of the regions’ innovation potential, and its active contribution to economic growth and competitiveness. Beside the classical, technical innovation, also the social innovation is getting even more emphasis. It can solve as alternative basically in the case of the peripheral territories. The convergence of peripheries is a stressed priority in the European Union. The territorial disparities are resulting in significant social and political problems also in the case of the Visegrad countries’ regions. The authors in their research represent a possible method for the measurement of regional (NUTS-2) level social innovation potential on the example of the Visegrad countries, and they also analyse the causes and consequences of disparities. The applied complex social innovation index can be calculated as a result of three pillars (economic, social, culture and attitude), and several components. As a result of the created patterns can be concluded that compared to the economic indicators, the disadvantage of the peripheries is not so significant in the case of the social innovation index, because of the complex character of the index. In the second part of the research, the authors analyse and evaluate also the methods, which can be adequate for increasing the social innovation potential.

Effect of Vial shaking on Loading Time of Epirubicin into Drug-Eluting Bead

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ikeda ◽  
Yusuke Kawamura ◽  
Masahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Taito Fukushima ◽  
Yushi Sorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Vortex Mixer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Drug Eluting ◽  
Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Group B ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

Background: Although DC Bead has been useful in treatment of multiple and large hepatocellular carcinoma, loading time of doxorubicin into the DC Bead takes a long time of 30-120 minutes. Epirubicin is also used as an antitumor agent together with DC Bead, but its loading efficiency was not sufficiently elucidated. Methods: To shorten loading time of epirubicin into DC Bead (100-300µm, 300-500µm, 500-700µm), we examined the following three methods after mixing the drug: (a) let stand in room temperature, (b) agitated for 30 seconds with Vortex mixer, and (c) sonicated for 30 seconds with ultrasonic cleaner. After loading of epirubicin by each method, supernatant concentration for epirubicin was assayed at 5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Results: Epirubicin loading rates for small bead (100-300µm) at 5 minutes were 82.9 % in group a, 93.8% in group b, and 79.9 % in group c. Similarly, medium bead (300-500µm), 40.1% in group a, 65.7% in group b and 45.5% in group c, respectively. In large-sized bead (500-700µm), loaded rates of epirubicin were 38.8% in group a, 59.0% in group b and 48.0% in group c. Agitation of mixture of epirubicin and DC Bead with Vortex mixer significantly shortened the loading time, but sonication did not affect the time required. Microscopic examination did not lead to any morphological change of microspheres in all the methods. Conclusions: Short time of agitation with Vortex mixer reduced the necessary time for loading of epirubicin in every standard of DC Bead.

Robust Test Method of TSOP PEMs for Space Application

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Iwai ◽  
Koichi Shinozaki ◽  
Daiki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Thermal Shock Test ◽  
Space Application ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Compared with space parts, consumer parts are highly functional, low cost, compact and lightweight. Therefore, their increased usage in space applications is expected. Prior testing and evaluation on space applicability are necessary because consumer parts do not have quality guarantees for space application [1]. However, in the conventional reliability evaluation method, the test takes a long time, and the problem is that the robustness of the target sample can’t be evaluated in a short time. In this report, we apply to the latest TSOP PEM (Thin Small Outline Package Plastic Encapsulated Microcircuit) an evaluation method that combines preconditioning and HALT (Highly Accelerated Limit Test), which is a test method that causes failures in a short time under very severe environmental conditions. We show that this method can evaluate the robustness of TSOP PEMs including solder connections in a short time. In addition, the validity of this evaluation method for TSOP PEM is shown by comparing with the evaluation results of thermal shock test and life test, which are conventional reliability evaluation methods.

RESTORATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF YALTA IN 1944

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) (4) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
N. D. Borshchik
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Resorts ◽  
Post War ◽  
Short Time

The article considers little-studied stories in Russian historiography about the post-war state of Yalta — one of the most famous health resorts of the Soviet Union, the «pearl» of the southern coast of Crimea. Based on the analysis of mainly archival sources, the most important measures of the party and Soviet leadership bodies, the heads of garrisons immediately after the withdrawal of the fascist occupation regime were analyzed. It was established that the authorities paid priority attention not only to the destroyed economy and infrastructure, but also to the speedy introduction of all-Union and departmental sanatoriums and recreation houses, other recreational facilities. As a result of their coordinated actions in the region, food industry enterprises, collective farms and cooperative artels, objects of cultural heritage and the social and everyday sphere were put into operation in a short time.

The Spread of Pollutants from Harbour Sludge Depots

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 623-633
Author(s):  
M Loxham ◽  
F Weststrate
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dilution Effects ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Harbour Sludge

It is generally agreed that both the landfill option, or the civil techniques option for the final disposal of contaminated harbour sludge involves the isolation of the sludge from the environment. For short time scales, engineered barriers such as a bentonite screen, plastic sheets, pumping strategies etc. can be used. However for long time scales the effectiveness of such measures cannot be counted upon. It is thus necessary to be able to predict the long term environmenttal spread of contaminants from a mature landfill. A model is presented that considers diffusion and adsorption in the landfill site and convection and adsorption in the underlaying aquifer. From a parameter analysis starting form practical values it is shown that the adsorption behaviour and the molecular diffusion coefficient of the sludge, are the key parameters involved in the near field. The dilution effects of the far field migration patterns are also illustrated.

Alteration of intrapancreatic serotonin, homocysteine, TNF-α, and NGF levels as predisposing factors for diabetes following exposure to 900-MHz waves

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110226
Author(s):  
Gholamali Jelodar ◽  
Mansour Azimzadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Radmard ◽  
Narges Darvishhoo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Time Exposure ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

Exposure to mobile phone radiation causes deleterious health effects on biological systems. The objects of this study were to investigate the effect of 900-MHz radiofrequency waves (RFW) emitted from base transceiver station antenna on intrapancreatic homocysteine (Hcy), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nerve growth factor (NGF) as predisposing factors involved in pancreatic beta cell damage. Thirty male rats (Sprague-Dawley, 200 ± 10 g) were randomly divided into the control (without any exposure) and exposed groups: short time (2 h/day), long time (4 h/day), and exposed to 900-MHz RFW for 30 consecutive days. On the last days of the experiment, animals were killed and pancreas tissue was dissected out for evaluation of serotonin, Hcy, TNF-α, and NGF. There was a significant decrease in the serotonin and NGF levels in the pancreatic tissue of exposed groups compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). Also, the levels of serotonin and NGF in the long-time exposure were significantly lower than the short-time exposure ( p < 0.05). However, levels of Hcy and TNF-α were significantly increased in the pancreas of exposed groups compared to the control groups ( p < 0.05). Exposure to 900-MHz RFW decreased pancreatic NGF and serotonin levels and increased the proinflammatory markers (Hcy and TNF-α), which can be a predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes.

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