scholarly journals Bahasa Daerah dalam Kebhinekaan Bangsa Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Temon Astawa
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
National Culture ◽  
The State ◽  
National Language ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Regional Languages

<em><span lang="EN-US">Language is very important, especially seen from the function of culture and social functions in addition to other functions. It is very important for a country to have a national language which functions as a unifying tool for various ethnic groups with different backgrounds. Likewise, the function of regional languages is very important for the survival of a particular regional culture. Regional languages as one of the nation's wealth have a function as a means of communication for the supporting community. Apart from being a means of intra-ethnic communication, regional languages also function as supporters of the national language, namely Indonesian. On the basis of this function, regional languages should continue to be fostered and developed in order to strengthen the resilience of the nation's culture. Regional languages should no longer be treated as one of the cultures whose functions can be replaced by the functions of other languages. Article 36 of the 1945 Constitution states, among other things, that regional languagesthat are well maintained by their speakers will be respected and preserved by the state because these regional languages are part of the living Indonesian culture. The National Language Policy formulates that in relation to the development of state life in Indonesia towards regional autonomy and the importance of fostering and preserving regional culture, regional languagesneed to be given the widest opportunity to play a bigger role. Strengthening the existence and continuity of regional languages aims to protect regional languages which are one of the nation's wealth. Indonesian <em><span lang="EN-US">as a dynamic language can take advantage of local language vocabulary as an enrichment of Indonesian vocabulary. This attitude not only strengthens regional culture, but also strengthens national culture.</span></em></span></em>

scholarly journals The Implementation of Language Policy in Ukraine at the Legislative Level: Implications and Prospects

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Tetiana Prystupenko
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
National Language ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Constitutional Level ◽  
The People ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
State Language

The relevance of studying the features of language policy implementation in Ukraine at the legislative level is based on the increasing understanding of Ukrainian language importance as an integral component of ensuring a nation’s identity and unity of the people as well as supporting for statehood. The main objective of the article is to study the implications and prospects for implementation of the language policy in Ukraine, taking into account the latest legislative innovations. The methodological framework provides for the use of methods of analysis, synthesis and a systematic approach for a comprehensive consideration of the processes of implementation of national language policy at the legislative level. To study the changes in the legislative regulation of language policy during the period of independence of Ukraine, the methods of study of documents and retrospective analysis were applied. The attitude of scientists to the situation of bilingualism has been also studied using the methods of comparison and generalization. As a result of the research, it was revealed that formation of a clear language policy is an essential condition for promoting the cohesion of a multi-ethnic Ukrainian society, inasmuch as the existing situation of bilingualism leads to a disunity of the nation. Although the Ukrainian language is defined by the state at the constitutional level, however, its introduction into all spheres of public life until 2014 was quite slow, especially in the eastern and southern regions. Since 2010, the language policy was actually aimed at reducing the use of the Ukrainian language and the dominance of Russian in the information and cultural space of Ukraine. Since 2012, Ukraine had a law that provided for legitimization of “regional languages” in certain areas (it was declared as unconstitutional one in February 2018). The prospect of implementation of language policy at the legislative level is adoption of the Law “On ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language” (passed the first reading on October 4, 2018), which defines the Ukrainian language as the only state language, establishing the requirements for fluency in the Ukrainian language and its use in the work of state authorities and public areas.

scholarly journals Legislative regulation of linguistic relationships in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
Iuliya Makarets
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Support ◽  
National Language ◽  
State Legislation ◽  
World Community ◽  
Linguistic Model ◽  
Legislative Regulation ◽  
The Status ◽  
State Language

The article focuses on the issue of legislative regulation of linguistic relationships in Ukraine. The ability of a national language to function as a means of consolidation and national identification depends to a large extent on state linguistic policy, political support that the language receives. The state legislation on language is indicative in this regard while it establishes the status of languages, the linguistic model and the linguistic regime. In accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine, the Ukrainian language is a state language in Ukraine. The dynamics of the Ukrainian legislation on languages illustrates the inconsistency of the implementation of this constitutional norm. The article analyzes the milestones of its formation. The content of the basic laws in the sphere of linguistic relationships (Law of the USSR ‘On Languages in the Ukrainian SSR’ (1989), the Law of Ukraine ‘On the Principles of the State Language Policy’ (2012), which is invalid now, and the new Law of Ukraine ‘On the Functioning of the Ukrainian Language as a State Language’ (2019)), the socio-political tendencies, that preceded their adoption, their evaluation by tpublic and world community as well as their consequences for linguistic situation in Ukraine are described. The possibility of official bilingualism approving is studied. The article analyzes historical, cultural and political preconditions for the adoption of official bi- or multilingualism by other states, acceptability of this linguistic model for Ukraine and possibility to overcome existing linguistic contradictions.

Language Policy in South Asia

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 60-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braj B. Kachru
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
National Language ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
The Political ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Regional Languages

In the political divisions within South Asia there has traditionally been no organized effort for language policies.1 Language was essentially related to one's caste, village, district, and state. Beyond this, one identified with languages associated with religion (Sanskrit or Arabic), or learned and literary texts (mainly Sanskrit and Persian). At the time of Indian independence (1947), one task of the new government was to unravel the status and position of almost 560 sovereign states which were ruled by an array of mahārājās, nawābs, and lesser luminaries, depending on the size and the revenue of each state and subdivision. Each state state was a kindgom unto itself, and such political divisions did not foster a national language policy. In India, the largest country in South Asia, four languages were used for wider communication as bazār languages or languages of literature and intranational communication: Hindi (and its varieties, Hindustani and Urdu), Sanskrit, Persian, and later, English (cf., for Sanskrit, Kachru and Sridhar 1978; Sharma 1976; for English, Kachru 1969; 1982a). The Hindus tended to send their children to a pāṭhśālā (traditional Hindu school mainly for scriptural education) for the study of the scriptures and some basic knowledge of the śāastras (Sanskrit instructional texts, treatise), and the Muslims tended to send their children to a maktab (traditional school for Koranic instruction). The denominational schools (vidyāZaya) provided liberal arts instruction in Sanskrit, Persian, Hindi, Arabic, or in the regional languages.

scholarly journals The features of the modern language trilingual’s policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan under conditions of modernization of public consciousness

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
S.K. Zhalmagambetova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Scientific Terms ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language

The article analyzes the features of the modern language trilingual’s policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan under conditions of modernization of public consciousness. The author studies cause and effect relationships of the occurrence of this phenomenon in the state, assesses the prospects for its development, identifies the difficulties faced by the Kazakhstan’s society on the path to introducing trilingual’s, and shows the current development priorities of the linguistic personality of the most developed countries of the world. Nowadays many difficulties arise in the way of ensuring a new language policy in Kazakhstan, caused by the fact that the Kazakh language lacks many scientific terms and concepts. Their use in the state has always been provided by the Russian language. At the same time, a number of scholars evaluate the transition to the Latin alphabet as a destructive phenomenon in language policy that can harm the Kazakh language and national culture. At the same time, experts offer acceptable options for solving emerging problems and

Deep Learning for Trilingual Character Recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
M. Yashodha ◽  
SK Niranjan ◽  
V. N. Manjunath Aradhya
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
English Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Corresponding States ◽  
National Language ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Regional Language ◽  
Multilingual Ocr ◽  
Regional Languages

As India is a multilingual country, in which the national language is Hindi, regional languages still exist in each of the corresponding states. In government offices, for the purpose of communication and maintenance of files and ledgers, the languages preferred are the regional languages and Hindi. As corporate offices and private organizations also exist in the country, these bodies mainly prefer the English language with the regional language in recording documents and ledgers. So, in this regard, in India a document contains multilingual texts, and there is a need of a multilingual OCR system. In this article, a trilingual OCR system is developed using deep learning for supporting English, Hindi and Kannada languages, the regional language of the state Karnataka.

Shift in language policy in Malaysia

AILA Review ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 106-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saran Kaur Gill
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The State ◽  
National Language ◽  
Medium Of Instruction ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Major Shift

Malaysia experienced a major shift in language policy in 2003 for the subjects of science and maths. This meant a change in the language of education for both national and national-type schools. For national schools, this resulted in a shift from Bahasa Malaysia, the national language to English. Parallel with this, to ensure homogeneity of impact of change, the State persuaded the national-type schools, which have been utilizing the language of community, Mandarin and Tamil respectively, as medium of instruction since independence in 1957, to shift to English for the teaching of science and maths. This paper aims to unravel the socio-political reasons underlying the shift with a focus on the Chinese community’s responses to the change. This will be carried out by examining the discourses of the debate contested by members of the Chinese community, juxtaposed against the reasons for the change, set forth by the State, as articulated by the former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad. This multi-pronged approach will be used to unravel the underlying ideologies for the change and the reluctant compromise that was reached by the Chinese community.

Vers une historiographie des politiques des traductions en Belgique durant la période française

Target ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieven D’hulst ◽  
Michael Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
National Language ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Napoleonic Era ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
The French Revolution

The language policy of the French Revolution is known today especially for the imposition of the national language and the oppression of dialects and regional languages in France. This pilot study focuses on a less-known phenomenon of that period: translation policy. From 1790 on, several decrees stipulated the translation of national laws and decrees into the regional languages of France and some languages of other European countries. We will illustrate this translation policy focusing on translations of political and administrative texts from French into Flemish in Belgium (which was annexed by the French Republic in 1795 and remained French until the end of the Napoleonic era). We will not only try to shed some light on the conditions under which the translations published in Belgium were produced, but also analyze some typical examples drawn from different genres.

How language becomes a political issue: Social change, collective movements and political competition in Corsica

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (261) ◽  
pp. 119-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Fazi
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
The State ◽  
National Language ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Mediterranean Island ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
Official Status

AbstractThe Mediterranean island of Corsica became French in 1768–1769, and Corsican is one of the most widely used regional languages in France. In Corsica, the language issue is politically prominent, with a very strong opposition between the nationalist regional government, which claims a co-official status for the Corsican language, and the French national government, which advocates the supremacy of the national language. However, the French linguistic integration process has been an astonishing success since the end of the nineteenth century, and the first mass mobilisations in favour of the Corsican language did not take place until the 1970s. In this article, I try to explain why the politicisation of Corsican language came so late; how this language became a politically salient issue; and how public attitudes and policies towards this language have substantially evolved. Since 1982, the state and the state-wide parties on the island have amended their strategy and challenged the near-monopoly of Corsican nationalists with regard to the defence of the Corsican language. Especially in the field of education, they promoted and implemented a language policy shift, and tried to depoliticise this issue. Nonetheless, political positions remain polarised regarding measures such as compulsory education and co-official status.

scholarly journals Politics of Language in Indonesia (1975-2015): Study of History and Language Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Sudaryanto Sudaryanto ◽  
Soeparno Soeparno ◽  
Lilis Ferawati
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Scientific Meeting ◽  
National Language ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
The Political ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Political Concept ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Regional Languages

Indonesia has a political concept of language that is always updated in a certain period of time. The concept was born from a scientific meeting entitled “Seminar Politik Bahasa Nasional” (1975), “Seminar Politik Bahasa” (1999) and finally, “Seminar Politik Bahasa” (2015). Each scientific meeting produces a concept of language politics that is complementary and updates the previous concept. Furthermore, the concept of language politics is closely related to the implementation of a language policy in Indonesia. The research method used is content analysis. The data sources used are books, document archives, and photographs that record language political events over a period of 40 years. The results of this study indicate that (1) the concept of national language politics in the version of the Seminar Politik Bahasa Nasional (1975) focuses more on aspects of Indonesian, regional languages, and foreign languages; the political concept of the national language version of the Seminar Politik Bahasa (1999) focuses more on aspects of Indonesian language and literature, regional language and literature, and foreign languages, and the national language politics version of the Seminar Politik Bahasa (2015) emphasizes improving the function of Indonesian language into an international language; and (2) the political concept of national language 1975 and 1999 language politics became the elaboration of Pasal 36 UUD 1945 and the 2015 political concept of language became the elaboration of UU No. 24 Tahun 2009 and PP No. 57 Tahun 2014.

scholarly journals The Local Wisdom Preservation through Aksara Lontarak in the Learning Material of Makassarese Language in Elementary School of Makassar City

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitti Rabiah
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
The Past ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Regional Languages

Indonesia nation has 742 regional languages, each representing one cultural system. However by this time 30 percent of the regional languages have been lost. It can be used as an indication of 30 percent regional culture that shape the national culture have been lost too. From the 742 regional languages in Indonesia, only 13 language speakers over one million people. Makassarese language is one of 13 language speakers over one million people more precisely 2.467.000 inhabitants speakers of 7.520.204 inhabitants in South Sulawesi. In the context of the Makassarese language, local wisdom can be interpreted as positive values of Makassar tribe or more broad in South Sulawesi society. Preservation efforts of local wisdom in the Makassarese language can be done by preserving aksara lontarak which is the bridge to elaborate the values of local wisdom in the past. Furthermore, this study aimed to introduce the aksara lontarak through Makassarese language learning material in elementary school. This study refers to the steps of Research and Development from the Borg and Gall, and collaborated with the research phase of Brown to produce a learning material (textbook) of Makassarese language.

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