scholarly journals Studying the relationship of Nosocomial infection to the age, gender and educational level of the patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Abd Mohammed Ali1 ◽  
Waad M. Raoof ◽  
Khalid O. Mohammed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Providencia Stuartii ◽  
Relationship Of

A total of 140 samples were collected from patients staying at Tikrit Teaching Hospital for three days or more in order to identify the most common bacterial isolates within the infections acquired from Tikrit Teaching Hospital and its relation to the age, gender and educational level of the patient. The samples included 75 urine samples, 28 stool samples, 28 wound swabs, and 9 sputum samples. The percentage of nosocomial infections was (45.7%), where the highest percentage were among UTIs (50.7%) from the total of (75) samples, followed by wound infections (42.9%) from the total of (28) samples, gastrointestinal infections (39.3%) from the total of (28) samples, and pneumonic infections (33.3%) from the total of (9) samples. It was noticed that hospital infections were more common in females, age group (51-89) years followed by the age group (5 years and less), and the uneducated (illiterate) where the number of hospital infected patients was 47 uneducated (illiterate) patients with 71.2%, while the number of educated patients was 19 patients with 28.8%. Various bacterial species were isolated in this study, including Citrobacter.koseri, E.coli, Staphylococcus schleiferi, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella ornithindytica, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Prov. rettgeri, Staph. flexneri, Prov.alcalifaciens and K.pneumoniae.    http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.006

scholarly journals A Study on Types of Work and Wages in Relation to Age of Child Labor at Rajshahi City

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
ME Rahman ◽  
MR Lslam ◽  
ME Haque
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Rajshahi City

The study was conducted at Rajshahi city and 180 child workers were selected randomly from different working places such as hotel and restaurant, motor garage, general shops, poultry farm, domestic house, private clinics and private diagnostic centers from January 2009 to March 2009. The study revealed certain variables such as gender, educational level, types of works and wages per month including duration of work of the child workers in relation to their age and the study showed that male were highest in age group 5-9 years and female were highest in age group 13-17 years. The educational level of the respondents was poor in general and in the age group 5-17 years 128 (45.7%) could not read or write at all. The maximum children 44 (15.7%) and 41 (14.6%) respondents were engaged in private diagnostic center and private clinics respectively. The findings could be due to more prevalence of domestic labor at Rajshahi and more prevalence of hotel, private clinics and private diagnostic centers at Rajshahi. Monthly wages of the study respondents was very poor. The study revealed that 54 (19.3%) respondents did not get any wage and they worked for food only. 188 (67.1%) and 38 (13.6%) respondents had wage <500 and in between 500-1000 taka only. The study showed that significant number of children that 238 (85%) had worked more than 8 hours in a day.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 227-230

scholarly journals Study of blood pressure in relation with age, sex and BMI in school going children of age group 5-15 years in Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Sethi ◽  
Raghava Badabagni ◽  
Padmaja Sridevi Pabbineedi ◽  
Radhika Chennupati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: The measurement of blood pressure is an important component of routine Pediatric physical examination. Children with higher levels of blood pressure tend to maintain higher blood pressure levels in adulthood in comparison to their peer group. The aims and objectives of this study were to define the normal pattern of blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension in urban school children between the age group of 5-15 years and to evaluate relationship of blood pressure with variables such as age, sex, height, weight and BMI in Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted from July 2016 to December 2018 in Department of Pediatrics, KIMS Amalapuram.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension in the present study was 3.2%. Of these 16 children 11 were males amounting to 4.41% of total number of males and 5 were females amounting to 1.99% of total number of females. The prevalence of hypertension was more in the males. It was observed that there is not much increase in mean blood pressure up to 130 cms (both in males and females) and increased significantly and gradually in children above 130 cms of height. Blood pressure increases gradually and in a proportionate manner with increase in weight and BMI.Conclusions: Blood pressure is an important vital sign which reflects the integrity of the cardiovascular system, renal, endocrinal system and other systems in the body. Blood pressure of an individual varies with age, sex, height, weight and BMI. It also has a strong correlation with family history of hypertension. Thus, concluded that hypertension has its roots in childhood and early adolescence.

Current Status of Schistosomiasis amongst School Children in Igedeland, Benue State, Nigeria.

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
P O Uweh ◽  
E A Omudu ◽  
I E Onah
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Community Based ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Sedimentation Technique ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Group 5

The current status of S. haematobium and S. mansoni infections among school-aged children in Oju and Obi LGAs of Benue State was investigated between July to October 2012. 786 urine and stool samples were examined using the sedimentation technique. In Oju the prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni was 77 (19.3%) and 23 (5.8%) respectively. Males had a 2 prevalence of 54(20.8%) which was significantly higher than females 23(16.4%). (÷ =7.81, df = 3, P < 0.05). The prevalence rate for S. mansoni infection of males in Oju was 18 (7.0%) and females 5 (3.69%). Age group 11-15years had the highest infection rate of (18.8%) for S. haematobium and 15.2% for S. mansoni. The prevalence rates varied with age reaching the peak among age group 5-10 years (21.4%) for S. haematobium and 7.6% for S. mansoni infection. The overall indices of infection were generally highest in the 11-15years age group. Children between 5-10years contributed 93.7% of the daily egg output. Our findings justify the urgent need to develop an integrated community-based intervention that addresses the water andsanitation needs of the communities.

Rapid detection of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample of acute diarrheic children

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
K.Z. Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Stool Sample ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of pediatric diarrhea globally. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus diarrhea should reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics and ultimately reduce drug resistance. Study was designed for rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample by ICT (Immunochromatographic test) as well as to observe the seasonal variation of rotavirus infection. This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College from January 2011 to December 2011. Eighty stool samples were collected from Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. All samples were tested for rotavirus antigen by ICT. Among 80 patients, 42 (52.5%) samples were positive for rotavirus antigen. Among these 42 positive samples, 30 (71.43%) were from 0-12 months of age group, 10 (23.81%) from 13 to 24 months of age group and rest 2 (4.76%) from 25 to 36 months of age group. Rotavirus Ag was detected in stool samples from January to April and another peak episode from October to December. Considering the importance of Rotavirus associated diarrhea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection in human is substantially needed and should be routinely practiced.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i1.19354 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(01): 11-13

An Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Study of Giardia lamblia in Anbar Province – Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Suad Shallal Shahatha
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Teucrium Polium L ◽  
Therapeutic Study

This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of Giardia lamblia parasites in patients who visited some of the hospitals in Anbar province, which included (Fallujah Teaching Hospital, Ramadi Teaching Hospital, Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Women and Children and Hit Hospital) during by examining 864 stool samples in a direct examination method, The results revealed the infection rate was 41.7 % and the percentage of infection among males 47.8% is higher than that of females 35.4% with significant differences (p≤0.05). The age groups (1-9) years recorded the highest rates 55.4% and the lowest rate 13.6% in the age group (40-49) years. The highest rate of infection was 62.5% during the month of June, while the month of October was the lowest rate 5% and significant differences. The incidence rate in rural areas was 50.6% higher than in the urban areas 32.5%. The study also included the effect of Teucrium polium L. on the parasite in the culture media HSP-1, the concentrations of 0.5-3 mg / mL significantly affected Giardia, it was noted whenever the greater the concentration, the greater the effect during different treatment periods (1-4) days, as the highest concentration 3 mg/ml killed all Giardia parasites on the fourth day of treatment.

Hepatic Encephalopathy and Liver Failure in Pediatric Patient with hepatitis A

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima’a Dakhel AbdulHassa
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Sequence Method ◽  
Stool Samples

Gairdia lamblia is one of parasites that cause intestinal problems within the human body, particularly private travelers and children. In this study a total of (100) diarrheal patients, 20 patients with Giardiasis were identified by fecal antigen. 9 out of 20(20%) of them were infected by fecal antigen, while 9(9%) of them were infected by using the screening general stool examination (GSE). The stool samples were collected from patient how vested the Medical City/ Baghdad and Tikrit teaching Hospital during the period from 1 st may 2018 to 1 February 2019. The results revealing a significant difference (p andlt; 0.05) between the two methods of detection for G. lamblia (Fecal antigen method and GSE). IT has been shown that out of 20 infected individuals 12(12%) were males and 8(8%) were females, indicating regarding no significant deference in the distribution of Giardiasis among genders. In regard the age, our results showed that highest infection rate 8(3.2%) was recorded in the age group (10-19) years, followed by the age group (20-2) years which was 692.4%). In this study five mutations were recorded at position (926, 1094, 1202and 1304), by using tpiA gene sequence method, and tpiB gene was on point mutation change (G254A), in the position (85) of triose phosphate isomease.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in Children at a Teaching Hospital in Lalitpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Dhakal ◽  
D Shrestha ◽  
A Shakya ◽  
SC Shah ◽  
H Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Acute poisonings are one of the common cause of emergency visits and hospital admissions and is potentially preventable cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to identify the common type of poisoning in children, to determine types of poisoning according to age and to find out the common age group in which the incidence of poisoning was high.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital in Lalitpur, Nepal in patients aged 1 month to 18 years who visited the emergency department and were admitted to hospital with history of alleged poisoning from 2009 July to 2014 January.Results: Fifty patients were included. Drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common cause of poisoning. Drugs and kerosene below 10 years of age and organophosphorus and drugs above 10 years of age were common types of poisoning. Maximum numbers (50%) of children with poisoning cases were below five year of age. Mean duration of hospital stay was 2.1days and mean age of poisoning was 7.8 years with a male(54%) predominance. Majority of poisoning occurred at home (84%) and 68% of patients were symptomatic at presentation to hospital with 84% of patients presenting to hospital within six hours.Conclusion: This study showed that drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common forms of poisoning. Young children were most vulnerable for acute poisoning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10139J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):100-103 

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Predictors of Physical Functioning in the Elderly: A National Health Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Milena Kostadinovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Dragana Cirovic ◽  
Mirko Grajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Level Group ◽  
Group 1

We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sociodemographic factors with the presence and different degrees of walking difficulties in elderly above 65 years, and to analyze association between evaluated variables and the presence and degree of waking difficulties. In the population based study, 3540 individuals age above 65 years from Serbia were recruited. Further predictors were analyzed: gender, age, level of education, marital status, body mass index (BMI), index of well-being and place of residence. We assessed difficulty in walking half a km on level ground without the use of any aid (Group-1); and difficulty in walking up or down 12 steps (Group-2). Walking difficulties were categorized as no difficulty, some difficulty, a lot of difficulty and cannot do at all. For present difficulty significant predictors were: age (Group-1 (OR-3.022)/Group-2 (OR-3.825)), gender (Group-1 (OR-0.337)/Group-2 (OR-0.311)), educational level (Group-1 (OR-0.689)/Group-2 (OR-0.556)) and place of residence (Group-2 (OR-1.523)) while for non-performing the task, significant predictors were: age (Group-1 (OR-1.998)/Group-2 (OR-2.096)), gender (Group-1 (OR-0.629)/Group-2 (OR-0.495)), BMI (Group-1 (OR-1.219)/Group-2 (OR-1.305)), marital status (Group-1 (OR 0.764)/Group-2 (OR-0.769)), educational level (Group-1 (OR-0.679)/Group-2 (OR-0.719)) and index of well-being (Group-2 (OR-0.764)). Understanding of predictors, and their role on functional decline in elderly is of great importance for the development of specific population-based health programs to prevent further functional loss and preserve achieved functional gains.

scholarly journals Strongyloides stercoralis Infestation in a Child: How a Nematode Can Affect Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2131
Author(s):  
Stefania Pane ◽  
Anna Sacco ◽  
Andrea Iorio ◽  
Lorenza Romani ◽  
Lorenza Putignani
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the intestinal nematode Strongyloides stercoralis and characterized by gastrointestinal and pulmonary involvement. We report a pediatric case of strongyloidiasis to underline the response of the host microbiota to the perturbation induced by the nematode. Methods: We performed a 16S rRNA-metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota of a 7-year-old female during and after S. stercolaris infection, investigating three time-point of stool samples’ ecology: T0- during parasite infection, T1- a month after parasite infection, and T2- two months after parasite infection. Targeted-metagenomics were used to investigate ecology and to predict the functional pathways of the gut microbiota. Results: an increase in the alpha-diversity indices in T0-T1 samples was observed compared to T2 and healthy controls (CTRLs). Beta-diversity analysis showed a shift in the relative abundance of specific gut bacterial species from T0 to T2 samples. Moreover, the functional prediction of the targeted-metagenomics profiles suggested an enrichment of microbial glycan and carbohydrate metabolisms in the T0 sample compared with CTRLs. Conclusions: The herein report reinforces the literature suggestion of a putative direct or immune-mediated ability of S. stercolaris to promote the increase in bacterial diversity.

scholarly journals Analysis of blood transfusion request and utilization pattern at teaching hospital in Eastern Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1374-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Upadhyaya Kafle ◽  
Krishna Kumar Jha ◽  
Mrinalini Singh ◽  
Shilpi Shaukin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Utilization Pattern ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

Background: Blood transfusion unit collection, storage and dispatching on Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital began from 19 June 2016 via blood bank. After which, many blood distribution were made accessible via this service. This study analyzes the blood transfusion request and utilization pattern and also to monitor for managing the bloodstocks meeting present and future demand in hospital. Materials and Methods: This is descriptive cross-sectional study conducted for all the requests of whole blood dispatched from 19th June, 2016 to 04th July, 2018. Whole blood requisitions from various departments were reviewed regarding the number of requisition, total blood unit replaced, blood group and socio-demographic profile of patients.Results: Of 648 transfusion units dispatched, 131 and 324 patients were male and female respectively, B positive blood group were most common, followed by A positive, O positive, AB positive, A negative, O negative and AB negative respectively. The largest numbers of requisitions were from Gynecology and Obstetric department in the hospital of 258 requisitions followed by internal medicine, surgery department, postoperative ward and orthopaedic department. Majority of the requisitions were for 20-29 years age group from the local district Morang. The total blood units replaced were 75, of which 29 and 46 of male and female respectively. Conclusions: B Positive was the predominant requested blood group with Gynecology and Obstetrics department making the most requests, among 20-29 years age group from Morang district. The total replaced blood units were less in number with some requisition forms even lacked essential details.

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