Hepatoprotective Activity of Some Indigenous Plants of Northern India Against Chronic Paracetamol Intoxication in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Chaudhary ◽  
Shamim , Ahmad ◽  
Najam Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Group I

Liver diseases have become a global concern worldwide. Liver injury or its dysfunction is a major health problem. The principal causative factors for liver injury are the availability of hepatotoxic drugs, alcohol consumption, infection, malnutrition, anemia etc. In the present study the hydroalcholic extract of some plants of northern India was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against chronic paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The liver injury was induced by Paracetamol orally at a dose of 500 mg/kg, b.w for entire duration of study. The rats were divided in nine groups. Rats of group I served normal control and received distilled water. Rats of group II served as toxic control and received Paracetamol orally at a dose of 500 mg/kg, b.w of rats. Group III received Silymarin at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w, and served as standard. The animals of groups IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX served as test control groups. Protective effect of the hydroalcholic extract was assessed by measuring the levels of serum biomarkers such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Bilirubin, serum albumin and total protein. Results of this study showed that the treatment of the hydroalcholic extract of plants at 400 mg/kg b.w, showed significant (*** p less than 0.001) reduction in elevated serum enzyme levels compared to paracetamol induced toxic group, indicating the protective role of plants extract against paracetamol induced chronic liver toxicity. Among the all plants Calotropis procera at a dose of 400 mg/kg, b.w showed the most significant hepatoprotective activity.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of the unsaponifiable matter from olive, linseed and sesame oils against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
S. M. Galal ◽  
M. K.S. Morsi ◽  
M. K. Abd El-Rahman ◽  
S. K. Darwish ◽  
M. A. Katry
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Unsaponifiable Matter ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect

In the present study, the hepatoprotective activity of the unsaponifiable matter (UNSAP) of olive oil, linseed, and sesame oils against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in rats was investigated. In a preliminary antioxidant study, UNSAP showed pronounced DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 6.2-10.8 mg/mL). The constituents of UNSAP were determined by GC-MS. The subcutaneous administration of CCl4, caused liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of UNSAP was comparable to that of α-tocopherol, a standard antioxidant agent. The co-administration of the investigated UNSAP normalized the activities of serum marker enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Furthermore, the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level were found to be alleviated by pre-treatment with the UNSAP. A histopathological evaluation showed marked improvement in the liver of UNSAP- and α-Tocopherol-treated animals. The hepatoprotective effect could be attributed to the antioxidant characteristics of UNSAP.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS IN METHOTREXATE-INDUCED LIVER TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Arul Daniel J ◽  
Susmita Das ◽  
Neethu Jayan ◽  
Asha Devi S
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: Various clinically available drugs along with the beneficial action also have drastic side effects due to chronic exposure. In liver, these resulting side effects can be over production of reactive oxygen species, which will further lead to oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, as a preventive measure, the protective role of herbal extracts is being evaluated because of its high success rate and low toxic effects. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the protective role of Asparagus racemosus is evaluated and studied against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatic damage in male Wistar albino rats.Methods: The course of the study was for 14 days. During this experimental study, the animals were categorized into four groups with six rats per group. Group I (positive control) which was treated with normal saline, Group II (negative control) with MTX 20 mg/kg of body weight on 12th day, Group III with A. racemosus 300 mg/kg of body weight + MTX 20 mg/kg on 12th day, and Group IV with A. racemosus 100 mg/kg of body weight + MTX 20 mg/kg on 12th day. On 14th day, the animals were sacrificed, and histopathological as well as antioxidant assays were performed.Results and Conclusion: Assays revealed high lipid peroxidation level and low antioxidant levels in Group II. Meanwhile, in Group III and IV, the levels were restored near to control, which supported the protective role of A. racemosus against MTX-induced hepatic damage. Histopathology evaluation also supported the above-mentioned findings.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Cisplatin-induced Liver Injury by Extract Ethanol of Pometia pinnata

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 665-668
Author(s):  
Adrian Adrian ◽  
Rony Abdi Syahputra ◽  
Sukirman Lie ◽  
Sony Eka Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Protein Group ◽  
Carboxy Methyl

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin use in clinical practice has been associated with an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the hepatoprotective activity of extract ethanol Pometia pinnata on rats induced Cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were separated into six groups (five rats). Group I was received only carboxy methyl cellulose. Group II was received a 7 mg/kgbw Cisplatin injection on day 3. Group III-VI were extract groups (Vitamin C 1%, 100 mg/kgbb, 200 mg/kgbb, and 400 mg/kgbb) administered orally from day 1 to 7, followed by Cisplatin injection on day 3. On day 8, rats were injected with 1% ketamine, open the chest and draw blood directly from the heart and centrifugated 5000 RPM (10–15 min), take the supernatant layer for analysis AST, ALT, total protein, and LDH levels. RESULTS: The effect of extract ethanol of P. pinnata on liver injury biochemical markers AST, ALT, LDH, and total protein. Group negative had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in comparison to the normal that did not receive extract or Cisplatin. Meanwhile, there was a drop in biochemical parameters in the group given the extract in groups dose 100, 200, 400 mg/kgbw. Group VI of biochemical parameters statistically there is no significant different with group normal group (p > 0.05) that showing P. pinnata extract has hepatoprotective activity. CONCLUSION: In summary, extract ethanol of P. pinnata has hepatoprotective effect by reducing the level of AST, ALT, total protein, and LDH levels.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) in Patients with Depression Treated with Antidepressants: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Ueberberg ◽  
Ulrich Frommberger ◽  
Thomas Messer ◽  
Peter Zwanzger ◽  
Jens Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Retrospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Secondary Diseases

Abstract Introduction Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the 4th most common cause of liver damage in Western countries and can be caused by antidepressants. Methods Against the background of increasing antidepressant prescriptions and increasing use of polypharmacy, we analyzed administered antidepressants and other pharmacological substances, liver toxicity, comorbid somatic secondary diseases together with the occurrence of DILI in a patient population of 6 centers throughout Germany. Results The majority of the enrolled 329 patients received polypharmacological treatment in an inpatient setting. During antidepressant treatment 5.1% of the patients had elevated serum transaminase levels, whereby exactly and not more than 1 criterion proposed to be indicative for DILI, was fulfilled by 3 patients (0.9%). Discussion During patient characterization it becomes clear that a sensitization for relevant risk constellations causing liver injury in MDD patients is relevant to prevent further serious adverse events.

scholarly journals The Potential Protective Effect of Oligoribonucleotides-d-Mannitol Complexes against Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Marchyshak ◽  
Tetiana Yakovenko ◽  
Igor Shmarakov ◽  
Zenoviy Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Sh Group ◽  
Factor Α

This study investigated the potential hepatoprotective effect of oligoribonucleotides-d-mannitol complexes (ORNs-d-M) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. The hepatoprotective activity of ORNs-d-M was evaluated in thioacetamide (TAA)-treated C57BL/6J. Results indicate that treatment with ORNs-d-M displayed a protective effect at the TAA-induced liver injury. Treatment with ORNs-d-M, starting at 0 h after the administration of TAA, decreased TAA-elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and levels of glutathione (GSH), were enhanced with ORNs-d-M administration, while the hepatic oxidative biomarkers (TBA-reactive substances, protein carbonyl derivatives, protein-SH group) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were reduced. Furthermore, genetic analysis has shown that the ORNs-d-M decreases the expression of mRNA pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), profibrogenic cytokine-transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), as well as the principal protein of the extracellular matrix—collagen I. The present study demonstrates that ORNs-d-M exerts a protective effect against TAA-induced liver injury, which may be associated with its anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of overexpression of mRNA cytokines, and direct effects on the metabolism of the toxin.

Evaluation of Liver Protective Activity of Some Indigenous Plants Against Acute Paracetamol Toxicity in Rodents

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Chaudhary ◽  
Shamim Ahmad ◽  
Najam Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Viii And Ix ◽  
Paracetamol Toxicity ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the liver protective activity of some indigenous plants against acute paracetamol toxicity in rodents. Liver intoxication was induced by paracetamol drug at a dose level of 500 mg/kg b.w, p.o for 9 days. To conduct this study the hydroalcholic extract of Prunus persica, Calotropis procera and Canscora decussate were taken as test compounds. Methods: Rats (180-200 g) were used for all the study and they were divided into 9 groups containing 6 animals each. Rats in Group I served as normal control (distilled water) group, Group II served as toxic control (Paracetamol treated) group, Group III served as standard (Silymarin) group. The rats of groups IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX served as test control groups. Group IV, V received the hydroalcoholic extract of Prunus persica at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w, p.o respectively for 9 days. Group VI, VII received the hydroalcoholic extract of Calotropis procera at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w, p.o respectively for 9 days. Group VIII and IX received the hydroalcoholic extract of Canscora decussate at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w, p.o respectively for 9 days. The degree of protection was measured by using biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin and total protein and albumin. Results: Results of this study showed that the treatment of the toxic effect of the paracetamol were significantly controlled in the hydroalcoholic extract of plants treated groups. The hydroalcholic extract of plants at 400 mg/kg b.w, showed significant reduction in elevated serum enzyme levels compared to paracetamol induced toxic group. The hydroalcoholic extract of Calotropis procera at a dose of 400 mg/kg, b.w showed the most significant hepatoprotective activity among all the test groups. Conclusion: From the results it was concluded that the all the test plants extract possess significant Hepatoprotective activity which was manifested by restoration of serum biochemical parameters to nearer the normal values. On the basis of results obtained, it can also be concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of Plants seems to have hepatoprotective activity which may be due to the presence of flavonoids.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury Is a Major Risk for New Drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard B. Seeff
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), a relatively rare condition, is nevertheless a major reason for not approving a drug in development or for removing one already marketed. With a specific diagnostic biomarker lacking, finding elevated serum enzyme [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase] activities remains an initial signal for incipient liver injury. Enzyme elevations alone may not be harmful, but if caused by a drug and followed by jaundice (called ‘Hy's law') there is a high possibility of serious DILI. In 1997 several drugs were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the USA that were later withdrawn from the market for serious liver toxicity. New drugs in development are now required to be monitored for liver injury, and the data is to be considered in the approval decision. A program called e-DISH (evaluation of drug-induced serious hepatotoxicity) was introduced in 2004 to aid medical reviewers to select from all subjects studied those few who show nontrivial liver injury and estimate the most likely cause. The threshold of enzyme elevation comprising a warning for possibly serious DILI is uncertain, although generally accepted as 3-5 times the ‘upper limit of normal'. The new direct-acting antiviral agents for treating chronic hepatitis C virus, which often lead to a reduction of elevated ALTs, mandate that a later increase without viral breakthrough be compared to the new on-treatment level of values. The drug may be discontinued or interrupted for evaluation to exclude other possible causes of liver injury. The FDA has approved no drug since 1997 that has been withdrawn later because of serious hepatotoxicity.

Thioacetamide-induced liver injury: protective role of genistein

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 965-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia O. Saleh ◽  
Gehad A. Raheem Abdel Jaleel ◽  
Sally A. El-Awdan ◽  
Fatma Oraby ◽  
Manal Badawi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Stress Markers

This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of genistein (GEN), a phytoestrogen, on the liver injury induced in rats by thioacetamide (TTA; 200.0 mg·(kg body mass)–1; administered 3 times a week by intraperitoneal injection). GEN (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg·(kg body mass)–1; by subcutaneous injection) was concurrently administered on a daily basis for 8 weeks, and its effects were evaluated 24 h after the administration of the last dose. The results from this study revealed that TTA-induced liver injury was associated with massive changes in the serum levels of liver biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and liver inflammatory cytokines. Treatment of TAA-induced liver injury in rats with GEN decreased the elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total and direct bilirubin, and increased the serum level of albumin. GEN also restored the liver levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione, as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and their modulator nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells. From our results, it can be concluded that GEN attenuates the liver injury-induced in rats with TAA, and this hepatoprotective role is attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Role of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress, Cytochrome P450 2E1, and Bile Acid Disturbance in Rat Liver Injury Induced by Isoniazid and Lipopolysaccharide Cotreatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 5285-5293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hozeifa Mohamed Hassan ◽  
Hongli Guo ◽  
Bashir Alsiddig Yousef ◽  
Mounia Guerram ◽  
Aida Mejda Hamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cytochrome P450 2E1 ◽  
Inflammatory Stress

ABSTRACTIsoniazid (INH) remains the core drug in tuberculosis management, but serious hepatotoxicity and potentially fatal liver injury continue to accompany INH consumption. Among numerous theories that have been established to explain INH-induced liver injury, an inflammatory stress theory has recently been widely used to explain the idiosyncrasy. Inflammatory stress usually sensitizes tissues to a drug's toxic consequences. Therefore, the present study was conducted to verify whether bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation may have a role in enhancing INH hepatotoxicity. While single INH or LPS administration showed no major toxicity signs, INH-LPS cotreatment intensified liver toxicity. Both blood biomarkers and histological evaluations clearly showed positive signs of severe liver damage accompanied by massive necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, and hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, elevated serum levels of bile acid associated with the repression of bile acid synthesis and transport regulatory parameters were observed. Moreover, the principal impact of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) on INH toxicity could be anticipated, as its protein expression showed enormous increases in INH-LPS-cotreated animals. Furthermore, the crucial role of CYP2E1 in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was clearly obvious in the repression of hepatic antioxidant parameters. In summary, these results confirmed that this LPS-induced inflammation model might prove valuable in revealing the hepatotoxic mechanisms of INH and the crucial role played by CYP2E1 in the initiation and propagation of INH-induced liver damage, information which could be very useful to clinicians in understanding the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury.

Hepatoprotective activity of the wild carrot chloroform-based fraction against CCl4-induced liver toxicity in mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Shebaby ◽  
M El-Sibai ◽  
M Mroueh ◽  
K Bodman-Smith ◽  
R Taleb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Wild Carrot
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