scholarly journals The role of some chemical transactions in the germination of seeds of some salt-stressed pepper genotypes: دور بعض المعاملات الكيميائية في إنبات بذور بعض طرز الفليفلة الخاضعة للإجهاد الملحي

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-41
Author(s):  
Zobaeda Ali Hussein, Nedal Jamil Sofan, Bassam Fahad Al Atal Zobaeda Ali Hussein, Nedal Jamil Sofan, Bassam Fahad Al Atal
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Water Treatments

This research was carried out at Sweida Research Center/ General commission for Scientific Agricultural Research/ Syria during 2020. Seven pepper genotypes were used; five local varieties (10496, 10743, Aleppo pepper, thick sweet pepper and deer horn pepper) and two lines (129 and 110). This research aimed to determining the effect of seed priming treatments in enhancing the tolerance of pepper to salt stress during germination stage. Seeds were divided into four groups, the first group was treated with distilled water, the second with NaCl (50 mM), the third with poly ethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) (16.7 mM) and the fourth with sorbitol (250mM). Seeds were exposed after drying to several NaCl levels (0, 2, 4, 6 gl-1), in addition to untreated control for each genotype. Germination percentage, vigor and speed indicators were recorded. The research was conducted according to a completely random design, and data were analyzed by two way ANOVA at 0.01 significant level. In this research, studied genotypes showed different behavior according to the treatments and salinity levels. The results indicated that the treatments of PEG and sorbitol were superior for the studied indicators in most genotypes, especially at the low levels of salinity. In addition, the salinity and water treatments for most genotypes did not cause an increase in the values ​​of the studied indicators. Depending on these results, it is advisable to treat pepper seeds before sowing with sorbitol or PEG when the salinity level is low.

scholarly journals Seed Priming to Overcome Salinity Stress in Persian Cultivars of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali SEPEHRI ◽  
Saeed NAJARI ◽  
Hossein Reza ROUHI
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties

In order to investigate the effect of hydro-priming on seed germination with distilled water on germination of five Alfalfa cultivars under salinity stress, an experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Seven levels of hydro-priming and salinity of NaCl including prime and non-salinity, prime and 50 mM salinity, prime and 100 mM salinity, prime and 150 mM salinity, prime and 200 mM salinity, prime and 250 mM salinity and without prime and salinity and five alfalfa varieties, including ‘Hamedani’, ‘Isfahani’, ‘Bami’, ‘Yazdi’ and ‘Ghareh Yonjeh’ were used. The results showed that the main effect of prime, salinity and cultivars and their interaction in all studied traits were significantly affected at the 5% probability level. Priming treatments in non-salinity of all cultivars were the highest. In all cultivars, final germination percentage, length and weight of radicle, plumule and seedling, germination rate and time, relative radicle elongation, vigor index and stress index, were significantly improved in response to priming in salinity levels of 50-200 mM, compared to control. Radicle produced higher length and weight than the plumule in hydro- priming and salinity treatments. ‘Hamedani’ cultivar in most of studied characteristics had a better response than others. The lowest response to salinity stress and priming was observed in ‘Yazdi’ cultivar.

scholarly journals Germination and Growth in Control and Primed Seeds of Pepper as Affected by Salt Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Aloui ◽  
M. Souguir ◽  
S. Latique ◽  
C. Hannachi
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
And Control ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract Salinity is an important abiotic stress which can affect crop production in the world. One of the simplest methods for improving salinity tolerance of plants is seeds priming. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of seeds priming with three solutions (KCl , NaCl and CaCl2) in germination and later growth of three pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars: Beldi, Baklouti and Anaheim Chili. Seeds germination was conducted in a completely randomized design under seven salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 g L-1) at room temperature for primed and control seeds. Plants derived from these germinated seeds (control and primed) were transplanted and cultivated in a greenhouse for 4 months and were irrigated permanently with seven salinity levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 g L-1). The results showed that salinity affected all parameters under study like total germination percentage and chlorophyll level (a and b). As well, proline content increased as response to increasing salinity. The plants derived and grown from primed seeds showed a considerable tolerance to salt stress and gave better results. In fact, priming improved the salt resistance of pepper owing to more chlorophyll and proline accumulation. These results suggest that seed priming induced possible physiological adjustments in pepper seeds, especially in the early stages of development, and could be used as a suitable tool for improving germination and growth characteristics under salt stress conditions.

scholarly journals SEED PRIMING IMPROVES THE GERMINATION AND EARLY GROWTH OF TURNIP SEEDLINGS UNDER SALINITY STRESS2

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Samar Jasim MOHAMMED ◽  
Rosimah NULIT
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

An experiment was conducted to enhance the turnip seed performance under salinity stress conditions. The impact of priming with an optimized dosage (5 g/l) of KCl and NaCl had been evaluated for enhancing seedling vigor and salt stress tolerance in seedlings of the turnip. Seeds prepared with (5 g/l) of KCl and NaCl solutions were examined at different salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200)mM of NaCl concerning the early growth stage. The data were analyzed using SPSS windows version 23 (one way ANOVA p ≤ 0.05) to determine the significant difference between treatments and followed Duncan test, p 0.05 for means comparison. The results have shown that priming with KCl and NaCl were effective in reducing the adverse effects of salinity. A significant (P 0.05) increase in germination percentage, seed vigor, hypocotyl and radicle length, salt tolerance, and dry weight of the seedlings of seed that priming with (5 g/l) of KCl and NaCl compared to nonprimed seeds was recorded. On the other hand, In this experiment, it was concluded that seed priming with KCl and NaCl had been discovered to be better treatment, especially in the high concentration of salts as compared to non-primed seeds in case of turnip for rising the seeds vigor and seedling growth under salt-stressed conditions.

scholarly journals Screening of chickpea genotypes against salinity stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-619
Author(s):  
Md Shaheenuzzamn
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Salinity Levels

The experiment was conducted during the period from December 13, 2010 to May 13, 2011 at the Crop Physiology Lab, Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). In Hoagland culture solution, 70 (Seventy) genotypes of chickpea were tested during germination and seedling stage at 0, 5, 10 and 15 dS/m salinity levels. Distilled water (0 dS/m) was used as a control. Germination percentage (GP), relative germination percentage (RGP), germination rate (GR), relative germination rate (RGR), root length (RL), relative root length (RRL), shoot length (SL), relative shoot length (RSL), vigor index, total dry matter (TDM) and relative total dry matter (RTDM) were found to be affected by salinity. Genotypes BD-6061, BD-6066 BD-6071, BD- 6060, BD-6067 and BD 6078 performed better at 10 dS/m and survived up to 15 days after germination as evaluated on the basis of germination percentage (GP), relative germination percentage (RGP), total dry matter (TDM) and relative total dry matter (RTDM). These genotypes could be selected for further investigation under pot culture and field evaluation in the saline area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22539 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 605-619, December 2014

scholarly journals Role of priming technique in germination parameters of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Karimi ◽  
Masomeh Varyani
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Maximum Root Length ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

Seed priming is known for its promoting effects on seed and seedling properties under stress conditions such as salinity, temperature and drought stresses. Poor plant stand establishment is a common problem for marigold production. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different seed priming techniques on calendula seed germination and seedling enzyme activity. For this purpose, different seed priming techniques: hydropriming (distilled water, 24 and 72 h), osmopriming (0.02% or 0.04% KNO3 for 24 and 72 h) and hormonal priming (100 or 500 mg L-1 GA3 for 24 and 72 h) were assessed. Seeds without any treatment were considered as control. Compared with control, 100 mg L-1 GA3 and distilled water for 72 h showed the highest promoting effects on germination percentage. The highest vigor index (525.75) was related to hydropriming (for 24 h) treatment. Also, the maximum root length was found with 0.02% KNO3 for 72 h. Catalase significantly increased in the primed seeds. The highest CAT activity and total soluble sugars were found in the seeds primed with 100 mg L-1 GA3 for 72 h. Moreover, the enzyme activity was significantly higher in the distilled water and KNO3 treatments compared with the untreated seeds.

Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment to the transition. Students with strong social approach motivation reported stable and low levels of loneliness. In contrast, students with strong social avoidance motivation reported high levels of loneliness. However, this effect dissipated relatively quickly as most of the young adults adapted to the transition over a period of several weeks. The present study also provides evidence for an interaction between social approach and social avoidance motives: Social approach motives buffered the negative effect on social well-being of social avoidance motives. These results illustrate the importance of social approach and social avoidance motives and their interplay during developmental transitions.

Social and Temporal Comparisons as Moderators of Psychological Resources Associations With Wellbeing

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasida Ben-Zur
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Age Range ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract. The current study investigated the associations of psychological resources, social comparisons, and temporal comparisons with general wellbeing. The sample included 142 community participants (47.9% men; age range 23–83 years), who compared themselves with others, and with their younger selves, on eight dimensions (e.g., physical health, resilience). They also completed questionnaires assessing psychological resources of mastery and self-esteem, and three components of subjective wellbeing: life satisfaction and negative and positive affect. The main results showed that high levels of psychological resources contributed to wellbeing, with self-enhancing social and temporal comparisons moderating the effects of resources on certain wellbeing components. Specifically, under low levels of mastery or self-esteem self-enhancing social or temporal comparisons were related to either higher life satisfaction or positive affect. The results highlight the role of resources and comparisons in promoting people’s wellbeing, and suggest that self-enhancing comparisons function as cognitive coping mechanisms when psychological resources are low.

The Role of Research and Innovation in the Transformation of Agri-Food Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Mariana Sandu ◽  
Stefan Mantea
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Determinant Factor ◽  
Rapid Transformation

Abstract Agri-food systems include branching ramifications, which connect in the upstream the input suppliers with farmers, and downstream farmers, processors, retailers and consumers. In the last decades, at the level of the regions, food systems have undergone rapid transformation as a result of technological progress. The paper analyzes the changes made to the structure, behavior and performance of the agri-food system and the impact on farmers and consumers. Also, the role of agricultural research as a determinant factor of transformation of agri-food system is analyzed. The research objective is to develop technologies that cover the entire food chain (from farm to fork) and meet the specific requirements of consumers (from fork to farm) through scientific solutions in line with the principles of sustainable agriculture and ensuring the safety and food safety of the population.

Ups and downs on the roller coaster of task conflict: the role of group cognitive complexity, collective emotional intelligence and team creativity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Andreea Gheorghe ◽  
Oana Fodor ◽  
Anișoara Pavelea
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Team Creativity ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Explanatory Mechanism ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the association between task conflict and team creativity and the role of group cognitive complexity (GCC) as a potential explanatory mechanism in a sample of 159 students organized in 49 groups. Moreover, we analyzed the moderating effect of collective emotional intelligence (CEI)in the relationship between task conflict and GCC.As hypothesized, we found that task conflict has a nonlinear relationship with GCC, but contrary to our expectations, it follows a U-shaped association, not an inversed U-shape. In addition,the moderating role of CEI was significant only at low levels. Contrary to our expectation, the mediating role of GCC did not receive empirical support. Theoretical and practical contributions are discussed.

Effect of High Salt Concentration on Ion Clustering and Transport in Polymer Solid Electrolytes: a Molecular Dynamics Study of PEO-LiTFSI

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Molinari ◽  
Jonathan P. Mailoa ◽  
Boris Kozinsky
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Material System ◽  
Ion Dynamics ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Anion Clusters ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene

<div> <div> <div> <p>The model and analysis methods developed in this work are generally applicable to any polymer electrolyte/cation-anion combination, but we focus on the currently most prominent polymer electrolyte material system: poly(ethylene) oxide/Li- bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonamide (PEO + LiTFSI). The obtained results are surprising and challenge the conventional understanding of ionic transport in polymer electrolytes: the investigation of a technologically relevant salt concentration range (1 - 4 M) revealed the central role of the anion in coordinating and hindering Li ion movement. Our results provide insights into correlated ion dynamics, at the same time enabling rational design of better PEO-based electrolytes. In particular, we report the following novel observations. 1. Strong binding of the Li cation with the polymer competes with significant correlation of the cation with the salt anion. 2. The appearance of cation-anion clusters, especially at high concentration. 3. The asymmetry in the composition (and therefore charge) of such clusters; specifically, we find the tendency for clusters to have a higher number of anions than cations.</p> </div> </div> </div>

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