scholarly journals Smart-City Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Li Tian
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Almost All

Consider that 26.3 million people live in Shanghai and 20 million live in Beijing as of 2019. Now consider that these 46.3 million people live within an area of approximately 23,000 km². By comparison, Canada’s population in 2019 was 37.6 million and the area of Canada is approximately 10 million km². China is on the leading edge of smart-city projects because population density gives it little choice. China must take bold steps in terms of both technology and regulation to cope with the demands for social management, which these megacities create. Accordingly, about half of the Smart City Projects globally are in China.  Many smart cities pilot projects are underway across China addressing many infrastructures and other organizational concerns. One such organizational concern is coping with the solid waste generated in cities. China produces more than 300 million tons of solid waste per year, and much of it comes from its cities.   This research project explores China's food and beverage delivery online platforms and the waste they cause. In 2019, this industry has developed rapidly, generating economic activity valued at ¥ 653.6 billion that year ($CAD 121 billion). Out of a total population of 1.4 billion, 460 million people are currently consumers of these online platforms. Most of these consumers live in China’s megacities. This consumption is not projected to decrease post-pandemic. The problem is that solid waste from this industry in 2019 weighed approximately 2.7 million tons.   This paper analyzes reasons why the online food take-out industry has caused a plastic waste surge from the perspective of China's environmental legislation, law enforcement efficiency, and recycling subsidies. At the same time, through the case study of the German Packaging Law, this paper suggested on the management and recycling of Chinese take-out packaging were put forward.   The Chinese government has issued national standards for the design and construction of smart cities. This paper explores how to use legal governance and supervision in smart city design and operation to assist in implementing environmental regulations to control the take-out waste. The take-out waste problem does not only exist in China. Almost all major cities in the world are facing this problem. China's experiences may provide a new path for the city's solid waste disposal and other environmental issues and lead the cities to explore more environmental protection possibilities.

Experimenting with Public Engagement Platforms in Local Government

2020 ◽  
pp. 107808741989782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seongkyung Cho ◽  
Karen Mossberger ◽  
David Swindell ◽  
John David Selby
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
City Size ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Management Association ◽  
Rich Data

Cities are venues for experimentation with technology (e.g., smart cities) and democratic governance. At the intersection of both trends is the emergence of new online platforms for citizen engagement. There is little evidence to date on the extent to which these are being used or the characteristics associated with adopters at the leading edge. With rich data on civic engagement and innovation from a 2016 International City/County Management Association (ICMA) survey, we explore platform use in U.S. local governments and relationships with offline civic engagement, innovation, and local characteristics. We find that use of online participatory platforms is associated with offline participation, goals for civic engagement, and city size, rather than evidence that this is related to a more general orientation toward innovation.

scholarly journals Smart City Concept for Integrated Citizen Information Smart Card or ICISC in DKI Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-370
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syarif Hartawan ◽  
Arman Syah Putra ◽  
Ayub Muktiono
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Smart Card ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

Abstract. The development of cities that adopt smart is very much around the world, many cities in the world have developed the concept of a smart city in all aspects of life from identity to law enforcement systems in the traffic sector, smart cities have begun to be implemented in the city of Jakarta from 2000 onwards, Starting from the online payment system to the use of CCTV in law enforcement in the city of Jakarta, almost all aspects of government have used the system, from absences to public service applications, in this study using the literature review method, by studying many previous studies in order to deepen research that is is being carried out and finding renewable research problems, this research will produce a proposed system that can be used in the future as a concept for the development of a smart city Jakarta, with the proposed system as renewable research from existing research.

Urban political strategies in times of crisis: A multiscalar perspective on smart cities in Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Smigiel
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Political Strategies ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Almost All

European cities are experiencing a mushrooming of a new urban imagery amid multiple types of crisis. In fact, the ‘smart city’ has become a widely spread vision used by a variety of powerful key actors as well as a top-down urban political strategy that is applied in order to promote new arrangements, models and technologies for almost all policy areas. By using the Italian case as a point of reference, this paper analyses how smart city strategies are institutionalized and embedded in times of crisis on different spatial scales. Therefore, the paper adapts a strategic-relational approach that provides a conceptual framework for understanding the spatial dimension of smart city strategies. It argues that smart city strategies reflect a set of multiscalar political strategies leading to new responsibilities and powers on a local scale, as well as the creation of new state territoriality. Smart cities in Italy are part of metropolitan reforms that strengthen the role of large cities while reproducing existing territorial inequalities. Furthermore, they are used to create new public–private partnerships and new investment opportunities on different spatial scales. In addition, a content analysis of smart city rankings and reports sheds light on the modes of representation of smart city strategies, analysing them as elements of policymaking in times of crisis.

Developing Smart Cities in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxuan Yu ◽  
Chengwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
City Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Innovation

This article describes how being pushed and pulled by a variety of external and internal factors, the Chinese government had begun to adopt and implement its smart city initiatives. Despite the strong financial and institutional supports from the central government, the performances of smart city initiatives significantly vary across pilot sites. Considering smart city initiatives as government innovation and drawing on the government innovation diffusion theories, an explanatory model has been developed to examine their variance and test it with a cross-sectional dataset using multiple regression methods. It was found that although environmental pollution was a key driver for the development of smart city in China, such environmental pollution like air pollution in particular had a curvilinear relationship (bell-shaped) with smart city development. In addition, smart cities initiatives in China were driven not only by technical rationalities but also political rationalities. Political supports from local ruling party sectaries made a difference.

scholarly journals IoT-Enabled Solid Waste Management in Smart Cities

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1004-1017
Author(s):  
S. Vishnu ◽  
Jino S. R. Ramson ◽  
Samson Senith ◽  
Theodoros Anagnostopoulos ◽  
Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Level Monitoring

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm plays a vital role for improving smart city applications by tracking and managing city processes in real-time. One of the most significant issues associated with smart city applications is solid waste management, which has a negative impact on our society’s health and the environment. The traditional waste management process begins with waste created by city residents and disposed of in garbage bins at the source. Municipal department trucks collect garbage and move it to recycling centers on a fixed schedule. Municipalities and waste management companies fail to keep up with outdoor containers, making it impossible to determine when to clean them or when they are full. This work proposes an IoT-enabled solid waste management system for smart cities to overcome the limitations of the traditional waste management systems. The proposed architecture consists of two types of end sensor nodes: PBLMU (Public Bin Level Monitoring Unit) and HBLMU (Home Bin Level Monitoring Unit), which are used to track bins in public and residential areas, respectively. The PBLMUs and HBLMUs measure the unfilled level of the trash bin and its location data, process it, and transmit it to a central monitoring station for storage and analysis. An intelligent Graphical User Interface (GUI) enables the waste collection authority to view and evaluate the unfilled status of each trash bin. To validate the proposed system architecture, the following significant experiments were conducted: (a) Eight trash bins were equipped with PBLMUs and connected to a LoRaWAN network and another eight trash bins were equipped with HBLMUs and connected to a Wi-Fi network. The trash bins were filled with wastes at different levels and the corresponding unfilled levels of every trash bin were monitored through the intelligent GUI. (b) An experimental setup was arranged to measure the sleep current and active current contributions of a PBLMU to estimate its average current consumption. (c) The life expectancy of a PBLMU was estimated as approximately 70 days under hypothetical conditions.

scholarly journals Datafication Process in the Concept of Smart Cities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4861
Author(s):  
Dorota Walentek
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Almost All

Datafication, currently visible in almost all areas of the human life, turned out to be a very good basis for the development of the concept of smart cities. Smart city authorities use various types of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the process of managing individual urban infrastructure systems. Modern ICT solutions enable city authorities to collect and process data about citizens. The purpose of this article is to determine the correlation between datafication and a city’s position in the global smart cities ranking, with particular emphasis on the role of social media. To achieve the goal, the method of examining documents was used. Two independent reports were thoroughly analyzed: the Smart City Index 2020 and the Digital 2021 Local Country Headlines. The study showed that the more residents use social media, the better a city performs in the ranking. Additionally, a directly proportional relationship between the level of urbanization and the percentage of people using the Internet was demonstrated. The results of the presented study may be important primarily for people and institutions responsible for creating modern urban space.

What Is the Source of Smart City Value?

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-77
Author(s):  
Leonidas Anthopoulos ◽  
Panos Fitsilis ◽  
Christos Ziozias
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business Sectors

Smart cities have attracted an increasing international scientific and business attention and an enormous niche market is being evolved, which engages almost all the business sectors. Being engaged in the smart city market is not free-of-charge and corresponding investments are extensive, while they usually concern innovation development and always demand careful planning. However, until today it is not clear how the smart city creates value to its stakeholders or simply how profit is being created. To this end, this paper performs an investigation on the smart city business models and utilizes decision making process with the contribution of smart city experts in order to conclude on the most appropriate one. This paper's findings demonstrate that business models that are followed in practice by smart cities are different to the ones suggested in literature. Moreover, the decision making processes that were followed showed that the optimal choice is the ownership business model group and from its contents preferred the Open Business Model (OBM), with the Municipal-Owned-Development (MOD) as an alternative option.

What is the Source of Smart City Value?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas Anthopoulos ◽  
Panos Fitsilis ◽  
Christos Ziozias
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business Sectors

Smart cities have attracted an increasing international scientific and business attention and an enormous niche market is being evolved, which engages almost all the business sectors. Being engaged in the smart city market is not free-of-charge and corresponding investments are extensive, while they usually concern innovation development and always demand careful planning. However, until today it is not clear how the smart city creates value to its stakeholders or simply how profit is being created. To this end, this paper performs an investigation on the smart city business models and utilizes decision making process with the contribution of smart city experts in order to conclude on the most appropriate one. This paper's findings demonstrate that business models that are followed in practice by smart cities are different to the ones suggested in literature. Moreover, the decision making processes that were followed showed that the optimal choice is the ownership business model group and from its contents preferred the Open Business Model (OBM), with the Municipal-Owned-Development (MOD) as an alternative option.

scholarly journals GEOSPATIAL MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION BASED SITE SUITABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL USING TOPSIS ALGORITHM

2018 ◽  
Vol IV-5 ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Jaiswal ◽  
A. Satheesh T ◽  
K. Pandey ◽  
P. Kumar ◽  
S. Saran
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City ◽  
The Ideal

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The problem of Urban Municipal solid waste disposal is a challenging task faced by civic bodies and planning authorities in almost all the cities of rapidly developing countries like India. A similar situation is being faced by Dehradun, the capital, and the fastest growing city of Uttarakhand, India. In the current study, an attempt has been made to find out the suitable sites for waste disposal in the area around Dehradun city using Geospatial Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques from remote sensing data. Two different decision rules of MCDA are used, namely, Analytical Hierarchical Process based Weighted Linear Combination (AHP – WLC) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). WLC has been used previously for similar studies for its ease and simplicity to apply in raster format but TOPSIS has an advantage over WLC, it orders a set of alternatives on the basis of their separation from the ideal point. It defines the best alternative as the one that is simultaneously closest to the ideal alternative and farthest from the negative ideal point. Raster-based suitability analysis has been done and the results obtained by the two methods are compared. Identical results with minor differences identifying best suitable sites outside the eastern boundary of the city where the existing dumping site is located are obtained. Also, new potential sites are identified in the western part of the city which faces the problem of waste disposal more acutely because of expansion of the city in that direction.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation on Construction Level of Smart City: An Empirical Study from Twenty Chinese Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guijun Li ◽  
Yongsheng Wang ◽  
Jie Luo ◽  
Yulong Li
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
City Construction

Currently, the construction of smart cities (SCs) has been booming all over the world and it also acts as a useful tool for the Chinese government to promote the sustainable development of cities. Identifying the aspects of SCs and systematically evaluating the level of smart city construction are significant for urban management and healthy development. Based on the bibliometrics and Chinese experience with smart city construction, this paper firstly proposes dividing the smart city system into four subsystems, that is, smart infrastructure, smart economy, smart governance and smart participation and to establish their corresponding indicator systems. Information entropy method and grey correlation analysis are then adopted to determine the weight of each indicator and evaluate the city smartness level respectively. After that, 20 major cities in China are taken as cases for evaluation. The evaluation is performed on the grey correlation degree of these cities and their variations between 2012 and 2016. Through the further comparison of regional distribution and clustering analysis of these cities, the paper points out the general characteristics and level differences of smart city construction in China. Finally, some policy implications are proposed to improve the smartness level for Chinese cities.

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