scholarly journals Review of manufacturers'recommendations on technological capabilities of ejectable excavator vibroplates assessment during soil compaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-573
Author(s):  
I. S. Tiuremnov ◽  
D. V. Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Technological Capabilities ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Ace Model ◽  
Compaction Factor ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction. Add-on compactors for excavators (ACE hereinafter) are replaceable working equipment for excavators. They are used for soil compaction after the backfill of trenches, wells, foundation cavities and other “narrow spaces” of construction, as well as soil compaction at slopes of embankments and excavations.In practical use of ACE, builders face two challenges:to justify the choice of an ACE for soil compaction under given conditions determined by the soil type and moisture, layer thickness, and the required compaction factor; to determine the time required to compact soil with an ACE at a single point positional compaction to ensure the required compaction factor of a given type of soil in a layer of required thickness.The problems above require the information regarding technological capabilities of ACEs in different technological situations of soil compaction. The assessment of such technological capabilities of ACEs, at the same time, should take into account the ongoing transition to a new regulatory framework in Russia in the field of assessment indicators for the results of soil compaction in construction.Materials and methods. ACE technological capabilities review was conducted based on the information provided on the official websites of the largest Russian and foreign ACE manufacturers and suppliers.Conclusion. The analysis of information provided by ACE manufacturers and suppliers showed that most of that information is technical specifications of ACEs and excavators. There is almost no information on technological capabilities of ACEs. At the same time, ACE manufacturers and suppliers use ambiguous terminology (for example, “compaction volume”) in the assessment of technological capabilities.Practical value. Lack of information on technological capabilities of ACEs in various technological situations of soil compaction leads to errors in selection of an ACE model and its operation time during single point positional soil compaction, which increases the risk of under compaction and reduced service life of constructed objects. To solve this problem, the Construction and Road-Building Machinery Department of Yaroslavl State Technical University is developing a methodology for calculating the results of soil compaction with an ACE in different technological situations.

scholarly journals Active-passive and passive-passive configurations of combined tillage implements for improved tillage and tractive performance: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e02R01-e02R01
Author(s):  
Pranay Sarkar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Engine Power

Proper selection of energy-efficient agricultural machinery helps to reduce drudgery, increase cropping intensity and reduce time required for field preparation. With conventional tillage implements, multiple passes are required to obtain desired seedbed which increase soil compaction due to repeated movement of tractor in field. With combined tillage implements two or more tillage implements are combined to reduce time and fuel energy required for seedbed preparation. In this paper, various researches on active-passive and passive-passive configurations of combined tillage implements have been discussed along with their working principles. It was found that these were associated with less draft, specific energy, and tire slippage compared to conventional implements which provides a sound basis for using them with suitable engine power to improve the power utilization of tractors. Hence, use of these implements could help to reduce soil compaction, labour, fuel cost as well as save time in preparing seedbed. More analytical studies and classical approaches are needed to predict energy requirements of these implements from the knowledge of individual energy requirements of conventional implements to help in proper matching of tractor-implement and also to develop decision support systems. Considering their promising outcomes, they will emerge as effective tools to improve agricultural mechanization.

scholarly journals Different characteristics of infants diagnosed with congenital choledochal malformation prenatally or postnatally

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jia Geng ◽  
Ya-lan Tan ◽  
Lian Zhao ◽  
Hui-hui Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization ◽  
Choledochal Malformation

AbstractThe general condition, clinical and pathological characteristics, and treatment regimens of patients prenatally and postnatally diagnosed with congenital choledochal malformation (CM) were analyzed in order to investigate the clinical significance of early diagnosis, treatment, and intervention in CM. We retrospectively analyzed 33 children who were admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between 1 March 2010 and 31 May 2019, and their diagnosis of CM was confirmed by radiological, surgical and pathological findings. All the patients were under 36 months of age. The patients were divided into prenatally diagnosed and postnatally diagnosed groups. There were 16 and 17 CM patients in the prenatally and postnatally diagnosed groups, respectively, with a preponderance of females in both groups. Compared with the prenatally diagnosed group, the postnatally diagnosed group had a higher incidence of abdominal pain and vomiting (p < 0.05) and higher AST, GGT, and TB levels (p < 0.05). Although postoperative histopathological examination showed inflammation in both groups, congestion in the cyst walls and fibrous tissue hyperplasia were more significant in the postnatally diagnosed group (p < 0.05). In addition, operation time, length of time required to resume a normal diet after surgery, and total length of hospitalization differed between the 2 groups (p < 0.05), with the prenatally diagnosed group having a relatively longer operation time and taking longer to resume a normal diet after surgery. However, the total length of hospitalization in the prenatally diagnosed group was shorter than that in the postnatally diagnosed group. Compared with prenatally diagnosed CM patients, more symptoms, greater severity of symptoms, and more time to recovery after surgery were observed in postnatally diagnosed CM patients.

scholarly journals Monitoring, implementation and reporting of interventions in a selection of trials assessing exercise therapy for the management of shoulder subacromial pain: a cross-sectional investigation

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e044462
Author(s):  
Daniel C Ribeiro ◽  
Kate Spiers ◽  
Laura Thomas ◽  
Kiriffi Leilua ◽  
Matthew Wilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manual Therapy ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Intervention Description ◽  
Selection Of

ObjectivesTo review the reporting of monitoring and implementation of interventions in a selection of trials that assessed the effectiveness of manual therapy and exercise in the management of shoulder subacromial pain.DesignA review of trials assessing the effectiveness of manual therapy and exercise in the management of patients with shoulder subacromial pain.MethodsWe included in our review a selection of 10 trials that were included in a Cochrane review and compared manual therapy and exercise intervention with another intervention. Trials were assessed independently by two reviewers using two checklists: the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) and the Health Behavior Change Consortium treatment fidelity (National Institutes of Health Behaviour Change Consortium/NIHBCC).ResultsTIDieR overall scores for individual trials ranged from 11.1% to 45% and fidelity scores ranged from 7% to 50%. On average, trials scored the following within each domain of NIHBCC: study design 51%; training of providers 8%; treatment delivery 15%; treatment receipt 14% and treatment enactment 2.5%.ConclusionsLittle information about the monitoring, implementation and reporting of interventions was provided by trials and that is a barrier for implementing or replicating these interventions. The lack of information regarding the implementation of interventions needs to be taken into account when assessing whether effectiveness of interventions was impacted by their design or due to deviations from the protocol within trials.

Paradata in Documentation Standards and Recommendations for Digital Archaeological Visualisations

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-220
Author(s):  
Lisa Börjesson ◽  
Olle Sköld ◽  
Isto Huvila
Keyword(s):  
Research Data ◽  
Data Reuse ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Processing History ◽  
International Harmonisation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Current Standards ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
As If

Abstract Digitalisation of research data and massive efforts to make it findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable has revealed that in addition to an eventual lack of description of the data itself (metadata), data reuse is often obstructed by the lack of information about the datamaking and interpretation (i.e. paradata). In search of the extent and composition of categories for describing processes, this article reviews a selection of standards and recommendations frequently referred to as useful for documenting archaeological visualisations. It provides insight into 1) how current standards can be employed to document provenance and processing history (i.e. paradata), and 2) what aspects of the processing history can be made transparent using current standards and which aspects are pushed back or hidden. The findings show that processes are often either completely absent or only partially addressed in the standards. However, instead of criticising standards for bias and omissions as if a perfect description of everything would be attainable, the findings point to the need for a comprehensive consideration of the space a standard is operating in (e.g. national heritage administration or international harmonisation of data). When a standard is used in a specific space it makes particular processes, methods, or tools transparent. Given these premises, if the standard helps to document what needs to be documented (e.g. paradata), and if it provides a type of transparency required in a certain space, it is reasonable to deem the standard good enough for that purpose.

scholarly journals Assessment of reproductive potential in patients after myomectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Yan Van ◽  
Yuliya A. Romadanova ◽  
Alla A. Bakhvalova ◽  
Ekaterina V. Fedina ◽  
Aleksandr A. Zinov’yev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Abdominal Myomectomy ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the study is to assess the restoration of anatomical and functional integrity of the uterus and identify changes in hormonal profile in women after laparoscopic and abdominal myomectomy. Material and methods. 58 patients aged 36,2 5,9 years old with uterine myoma underwent myomectomy: 31 patients underwent laparoscopic myomectomy and 27 patients underwent abdominal myomectomy. The selection of surgical approach didnt depend on the size, the number and localization of uterine myomas and the patients concomitant pathology. The hormonal profile of the patients including AMH level was assessed befor myomectomy and in the 6 months after the operation. Postoperative assessment was performed on day 5th8th after surgery and in 1 and 6 months after myomectomy. Results. No significant differences were found in the processes of reparation of the uterus and in hormonal profile of the patients after laparoscopic or abdominal myomectomy. The time required for the patients reabilitation and for the restoration of the ovarian function and uterine morphological structure was similar in both groups. Conclusion. The hormonal profile of the patients and the anatomical and functional restoration of myometrium after myomectomy doesnt depend on the surgical approach if myomectomy is performed by an experienced surgeon after the correct assessment of the clinical situation.

scholarly journals Critical appraisal of speech in noise tests: a systematic review and survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhani Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Tripathy ◽  
Udit Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Hearing In Noise ◽  
Instrument Bias ◽  
Noise Test ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of

Speech in noise tests that measure the perception of speech in presence of noise are now an important part of audiologic tests battery and hearing research as well. There are various tests available to estimate the perception of speech in presence of noise, for example, connected sentence test, hearing in noise test, words in noise, quick speech-in-noise test, bamford-kowal-bench speech-in-noise test, and listening in spatialized noise-sentences. All these tests are different in terms of target age, measure, procedure, speech material, noise, normative, etc. Because of the variety of tests available to estimate speech-in-noise abilities, audiologists often select tests based on their availability, ease to administer the test, time required in running the test, age of the patient, hearing status, type of hearing disorder and type of amplification device if using. A critical appraisal of these speech-in-noise tests is required for the evidence based selection and to be used in audiology clinics. In this article speech-in-noise tests were critically appraised for their conceptual model, measurement model, normatives, reliability, validity, responsiveness, item/instrument bias, respondent burden and administrative burden. Selection of a standard speech-in-noise test based on this critical appraisal will also allow an easy comparison of speech-in-noise ability of any hearing impaired individual or group across audiology clinics and research centers. This article also describes the survey which was done to grade the speech in noise tests on the various appraisal characteristics.

Can intubation be improved with endotracheal tubes marked with a color scale? Randomized controlled study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Berazategui ◽  
Ramon Pio Larcade ◽  
Nestor Vain ◽  
Adriana Andrea Castro ◽  
Rose Mari Soria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Study ◽  
Endotracheal Tubes ◽  
Correct Placement ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Color Scale ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of

Objective: To assess if a color scale in the endotracheal tube (ETT) helps operators to correctly select the size and depth of placement of the ETT and decrease the time required, compared with the usual numeric ETT scale, in a mannequin model. Design/Methods: The study was conducted in 8 centers. Each size of the ETT was identified with different color by size. All experimental ETT had two painted zones: the mouthpiece and an area of 1 cm marked with the same color (to identify where the ETT should be taped above the lip). The operators were trained as part of the protocol using a video. Four clinical scenarios requiring endotracheal intubation were designed and randomly assigned. Each operator had to select the size and depth of ETT based on the BW, and then had to perform 4 intubation procedures. Results: 108 operators performed 432 intubations. No difference were found in the correct placement and selection of the ETT. Median time (in seconds) required for intubation using numeric vs. experimental tube was: for ETT Ø 2.5, 11.5 vs. 8 (p<0.001), ETTØ3,12 vs. 10 (p<0.001), ETT Ø 3.5, 15.5 vs.12 (p 0.003), ETT Ø4 12 vs.11 (p 0.019). Conclusions: No significant difference was observed in the selection and correct placement of the ETT. However, the intubation time was significantly shorter using the experimental ETT. This device could improve the effectiveness of intubation by reducing the time needed to properly place the ETT at mid trachea.

Successful Moveable Bridges

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjeld Thomsen ◽  
Christian Riis Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Operation Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The present paper describes developments in the design of the most common types of movable bridges – Bascule bridges and Swing Bridges. The selection of design concepts is influenced by span, foundation conditions as well as environmental issues. Application of modern hydraulic systems and innovative bearing types for swing bridges facilitate the creation of outstanding designs. Recently built moveable bridges in Denmark exemplifies the trend and how application of modern technology and creativity can lead to outstanding solutions. There are many governing parameters such as the span, free opening height and loading conditions. Equally important issues such as surroundings, landscape, foundation conditions, requirement to low weight, achievable tolerances and from a mechanical point of view, the operation time. Risk assessment, mechanical- and electrical systems and the requirement to operation time and maintenance cost, will have influence on the selection of machinery and the architectural and structural design. For each of the moveable bridges described, it is shown how innovative application of modern bearing concepts and hydraulic systems can lead to elegant and cost-effective solutions.</p>

Proficient Normalised Fuzzy K-Means With Initial Centroids Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-59
Author(s):  
Deepali Virmani ◽  
Nikita Jain ◽  
Ketan Parikh ◽  
Shefali Upadhyaya ◽  
Abhishek Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Unsupervised Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
World Data ◽  
Clustering Problem ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of

This article describes how data is relevant and if it can be organized, linked with other data and grouped into a cluster. Clustering is the process of organizing a given set of objects into a set of disjoint groups called clusters. There are a number of clustering algorithms like k-means, k-medoids, normalized k-means, etc. So, the focus remains on efficiency and accuracy of algorithms. The focus is also on the time it takes for clustering and reducing overlapping between clusters. K-means is one of the simplest unsupervised learning algorithms that solves the well-known clustering problem. The k-means algorithm partitions data into K clusters and the centroids are randomly chosen resulting numeric values prohibits it from being used to cluster real world data containing categorical values. Poor selection of initial centroids can result in poor clustering. This article deals with a proposed algorithm which is a variant of k-means with some modifications resulting in better clustering, reduced overlapping and lesser time required for clustering by selecting initial centres in k-means and normalizing the data.

Automation Tool Preparation in the Conditions of Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Yuanyushkin ◽  
D.V. Lobanov ◽  
D.A. Rychkov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Given ◽  
High Processing ◽  
Selection Of

The key task of the tool manufacturing is to create or to choose such a type of tool, which would permit to provide high processing efficiency, the best tool`s workability and the quality of the machined surfaces with minimum expenses and resources. The optimal choice of the constructive tool modifications from a variety of options takes much time required for the preparation of the tool to work. To solve this problem, we have developed software that allows you to create, organize and carry out a comparative analysis of structural instruments in order to identify rational option for the given conditions of production. Ordering and selection of a rational design of the instrument is carried out in accordance with established procedures of modeling and comparative analysis of design solutions. Application software can reduce design time technological process by 80...90%, and get a substantial annual economic effect.

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