scholarly journals "Sister with Sister, Like a Fish with Water": Individual Psychological Characteristics and Relationships of Women-Siblings Depending on the Growth Conditions in Their Family

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Spiritual Satisfaction

Relationships and individual psychological features of siblings are one of the least studied areas of family psychology. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of interpersonal relationships of sisters, the connection of these relationships with the order of sisters’ birth, other probable family factors and the ability of sisters to coquetry. Methods: 1) Osgood's method of semantic differential was used to identify attitudes towards herself and her sister; 2) the form of growth factors in the family developed by the authors, and 3) questionnaire of women’s adaptive potential in relationship with men (questionnaire of women coquetry) to measure the ability to coquetry of O.L. Lutsenko, V.V. Volchanova. The form collected data about women’s age, education, social status, presence and number of children, marital status, presence of divorce in the parental family, religious affiliation and the degree of religion significance in life (open questions). Questions with a 5-point Likert scale were about: satisfaction with physical condition (health status), satisfaction with financial status, satisfaction with social relations, spiritual satisfaction, the degree of attachment to a sister, father, mother; degree of support from the father, mother; degree of competition with a sister in childhood - up to 18 years old; the degree of envy (unfair luck) towards the sister; degree of loyalty to free discussion of sexual topics in the family; the degree of participation in the teaching of coquetry by a sister, mother, others. As a result, the adaptive and compensatory role of female coquetry to increase the financial position of women was confirmed. In conditions of low welfare, lack of parental support, the degree of coquetry increases. Mother also teaches her daughter more coquetry in the case of divorce. Women value learning to be coquettish: a sister rates her sister higher if she teaches her to be coquettish. The highest level of coquetry is associated with the perception of herself as a strong woman, i.e. as a resource. The assessment of a sister’s activity was found to be included in various relationships with other family factors, which indicates the importance of this characteristic in the relationship of female siblings. When sisters have the greater age difference, they treat each other better, that was explained by the reduction of competition between them. The older sister traditionally performs more functions in the family, because of which she may feel more envious of her sister, jealous of her mother, and consider herself as more active. At the same time, older sisters treat younger ones better, evaluate them higher than their younger counterparts.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Decision to Have Child Among Iranian Couples; An Online Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Reza Jafarzadeh Esfehani ◽  
Batool Kamalimanesh ◽  
Sareh Dashti ◽  
Ali Jafarzadeh Esfehani
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Contraception Use

Objectives: Total fertility rate (TFR) in Iran is declining to the lowest low level over the past 30 years. In order to increase the TFR, the influencing factors for willingness to have child should be identified. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence the willingness of Iranian men and women to have child. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on married Iranian men and women through an online survey. A questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, including age of subject, age of spouse, duration of marriage, number of children, education level of subjects and his/her spouse, current pregnancy status of subject or spouse, contraception use and type of contraception, and a validated questionnaire to identify the factors affecting willingness to have child in 4 domains (inter family factors, social factors, medical and parental factors and emotional and child related factors) were filled by subjects. Results: A total of 731 subjects (23.1% male and 66.9% female) answered the online questions. Mean age of subjects was 31.80 ± 6.83 years. Willingness to have child was significantly related to spousal age difference (P=0.002, odds ratio [OR] =0.90), number of children (P<0.001, OR=0.21), being pregnant (P<0.001, OR=82.91), level of education in spouse (P=0.03, OR=2.18), inter family factors score (P<0.001, OR=1.14), social factors score (P<0.001, OR=0.87) and emotional and child related factors (P<0.001, OR=1.52). Conclusions: This study revealed that willingness to have child in Iranian men and women is mostly influenced by personal and spousal factors.

FEATURES OF THE SOCIALIZATION OF TEENAGE ORPHANS

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-116
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Mazurova ◽  
◽  
Anna A. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

The results of a comparative empirical study on the characteristics of the socialization of family adolescents and their peers brought up outside the family are presented in the article. The study examined the parameters of social adaptation, autonomy, the locus of control in the field of achievements and interpersonal relationships, the need to maintain social ties, attitude towards vulnerable groups and readiness to create your own family. There are significant differences in the process of socialization of adolescents-orphans and their peers who are brought up in a family. In particular, teenage orphans have a low level of social adaptation, autonomy, and activity. School has little impact on the socialization process, and the teenage group has a strong impact. Orphans show low interest in education; a low need for real friends and a lack of confidence that they themselves can be real friends. Orphans are dominated by the external locus of control. They assume that romantic relationships can negatively affect their lives, while at the same time they approve of sexual relations among peers. Thus, the image of the world and social relations in the view of teenage orphans differs significantly from the image of the world of family children.

scholarly journals SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF HUMAN KINDNESS IN THE FORMATION OF THE MICROENVIRONMENT IN THE FAMILY

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Zubayda Fozilovna Sharopova ◽  
Marat Normadovich Tojiboyev
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Face

In this article, kindness is the highest and most sincere love of a person for existence, the expression of individual high human feelings in society in an impressive, constant interpersonal social relationship, human kindness, its importance in social relations, categories, its evaluation through quantitative analysis, laughter, smiles, doing good, sincerity, helping, the emergence of mutual affection, but there are also factors that extinguish affection, such as slapping in the face, pushing from the chest, abusing, comparing to others, over-controlling, discrediting in front of others, not supporting when needed, in interpersonal relationships, especially today, to the child by the parents, the parents by the children, the grandchildren by the grandparents, the mother-in-law, the brothers, the relatives, methods of increasing the affection of members of society in general for each other have been analyzed. KEYWORDS: social relations, social roles, kindness, affection, environment of kindness, service, expression of kindness, contact and non-contact kindness categories.

Family factors predicting self-rated health during early adolescence

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482097228
Author(s):  
Eivind Meland ◽  
Hans Johan Breidablik ◽  
Frode Thuen
Keyword(s):  
Parental Support ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
School Work ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Family ◽  
Logistic Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Impairments

Background: Health impairments in adolescents associated with divorce and loss of parental contact are frequently reported. However, other family factors more likely to promote health are less researched. We examined the impact of several family factors on self-rated health (SRH). Methods: A longitudinal cohort study of 1225 students in high school aged 11 and 13 years in 2011. The students were surveyed at onset and after 2 years with SRH as the outcome measure. We adjusted for sex, age and self-rated socioeconomic status in temporal causal analyses, and adjusted for SRH at onset in residual change analyses, applying an ordinal logistic method. Adjusted analyses with each factor and multivariable models with backward exclusion were performed. We reported the predictive associations with odds ratios and 95% confidence limits. Results: The most decisive factors predicting future positive SRH were linked to confidence in communicating with both parents about bothersome issues, and the experience of parental support with school work. Furthermore, the experience of opinions being taken seriously in the family and the absence of excessive parental expectations predicted SRH positively after 2 years. Divorce had a modest impact on SRH and was mediated by the other factors. Only the absence of contact with fathers moderated the effect that divorce experience had on SRH. We ascertained the causal relationships through residual change analyses. Conclusions: As SRH in adolescence has an impact on later health and is amendable, it is important, from a public health perspective, to preserve and improve relationships and confidence between children and both parents.

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The World

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness In my paper I show the relevance of cultural-activity theory for solving the puzzles of the concept of consciousness which encounter contemporary philosophy. I reconstruct the main categories of cultural-activity theory as developed by M.M. Bakhtin, L.S. Vygotsky, G.H. Mead, and J. Dewey. For the concept of consciousness the most important thing is that the phenomenon of human consciousness is consider to be an effect of intersection of language, social relations, and activity. Therefore consciousness cannot be reduced to merely sensual experience but it has to be treated as a complex process in which experience is converted into language expressions which in turn are used for establishing interpersonal relationships. Consciousness thus can be accounted for by its reference to objectivity of social relationships rather than to the world of physical or biological phenomena.

Organization of Individual Counselling of Children Brought up in Foster Families (on the example of the «Family» Centre»)

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Aygul Fazlyeva ◽  
Aliya Akhmetshina
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Individual Counselling ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Children, brought up in foster families, experience various problems (diffi culties in interpersonal relationships with parents, diffi culties in communicating with peers, emotional instability), which lead to confl icts, quarrels, running away from home, destructive phenomena, etc. One of the eff ective forms of working with children brought up in foster families is individual counselling. Individual counselling is used by various specialists (psychologists, educators, psychotherapists), where a special place is taken by a social educator. His or her activity involves the implementation of social-protective, preventive, educational, informational, advisory functions. In the process of organizing individual counseling, the social educator takes into account the social situation of the family and the child, personal characteristics, social conditions, social and cultural characteristics and the nature of the relationship with the social environment. To organize individual counseling, a social educator needs to master various and eff ective techniques, and take into account a number of recommendations. An analysis of the literature and practical socio-pedagogical experience led to an understanding of the insuffi cient degree of elaboration of this issue. The purpose of this article was the solution to this problem.

scholarly journals Differences in the perception of parental involvement in homework depending on the level of student motivation

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-323
Author(s):  
Bibiana Regueiro ◽  
Susana Rodríguez ◽  
Isabel Piñeiro ◽  
Iris Estévez ◽  
Mar Ferradás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Work ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Levels

The main purpose of this work is to check if the student motivation is an important factor in their perception of family involvement on homework. This is to check the relationships between different levels of intrinsic motivation towards school work of students in secondary and their perceptions of parental support and the type of feedback provided by their parents to homework, including the latter parental support and parental control. The sample consists of 730 (43.4% male; 56.6% female) of Secondary School students (12 to 16). The results show that higher levels of intrinsic motivation are associated with a higher perception of students regarding parental accompaniment to do homework and parental control and support them. We conclude, therefore, that student motivation is a factor of great importance to the involvement of the family environment and, more specifically, for the support and feedback provided by parents regarding homework.

scholarly journals Informal Volunteering and Socialization Effects: Examining Modelling and Encouragement by Parents and Partner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlou J. M. Ramaekers ◽  
Ellen Verbakel ◽  
Gerbert Kraaykamp
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
Helping Behaviours ◽  
The Family ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
Informal Volunteering ◽  
Socializing Agents ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInformal volunteering is seen as an important indicator of social relations and community life. We therefore investigate the impact of various socialization practices on informal volunteering, being small helping behaviours outside of organizations for people outside the household. From theoretical notions on socialization, we hypothesize that experiencing extensive prosocial socialization practices promotes informal volunteering. We examine socialization processes of both modelling and encouragement and consider two socializing agents: parents and partners. We test our expectations employing the sixth wave of the Family Survey Dutch Population (N = 2464) that included unique measures on socialization as well as informal volunteering and holds important control variables. Our results indicated that parental modelling, partner modelling and partner encouragement were all positively related to informal volunteering, but that parental encouragement was not significantly related to informal volunteering. Our paper, thus, underscores that socialization practices are relevant in nurturing social relations and community life.

New Structure, Traditional Essence: Patterns of Helping Non-Coresident Parents by Own and Sibling(s)’ Gender in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 016402752110188
Author(s):  
Yifei Hou ◽  
Marissa Rurka ◽  
Siyun Peng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sibship Size ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
The Family

As Chinese households are becoming smaller with increasing numbers of adult children and older parents living apart, the extent to which patterns of parental support reflect traditional gender dynamics is under debate. Integrating theories of sibling compensation with ceremonial giving, we tested whether helping non-coresident parents in China is affected by sibship size and how these patterns depend on own and sibling(s)’ gender using a sample of 4,359 non-coresident parent-child dyads nesting within 3,285 focal adult children from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2013. Opposite to patterns in the United States and Europe, we found substitutions of daughters with sons—having more brothers was associated with daughters’ reduced probabilities and hours of helping. Sons’ patterns of helping were independent of number of brothers and sisters in the family, consistent with the theory of ceremonial giving. These findings reflect the dominance of traditional family dynamics despite changes in family structure.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Ann E. Dickerson ◽  
E. Perry Crump ◽  
Carrell P. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Family ◽  
Recent Edition ◽  
Mother's Educational Level ◽  
Social Area

Within the framework of a project designed to study the growth and development of Negro children, a longitudinal study was conducted for the purpose of analyzing the child-training practices of a group of mothers whose children were subjects of the project, and comparing these findings with those from related investigations. The study was focused upon the child-training practices of 144 mothers in the areas of toileting, feeding, and dressing when their children were between 15 and 30 months of age. The data for this study were obtained when the psychologist interviewed the mothers during the administration of the Gesell Developmental Schedules. Assessment of progress in the areas of toileting, feeding and dressing is included in the personal-social area of the Gesell Schedules. It is apparent from the results of this study that mothers encouraged self-help and independence in the areas of dressing and feeding, with the exception of the use of a bottle. However, in the category of toileting this was not true, inasmuch as emphasis upon self-management in daily toilet habits seemed to be at a minimum. These findings indicate that the mothers were permissive with regard to toilet-training and weaning. These practices and their patterns of breast-feeding agree with those practices advocated by the most recent edition of Infant Care. The mother's educational level, the sex of the child, or the number of children in the family were not found to be significantly related to the child-training practices used by the mothers in this study. The data in this study are in agreement with White's finding that there is "a need for revising our ideas about social class differences in child-rearing practices." It is, of course, recognized that the lack of significant differences or relationships in this study does not prove that no such differences or relationships exist. It does, however, indicate that none can be recognized for this population from the available data. Differences in attitude as well as practice, on the part of the mothers, may well be prevalent; but they apparently are not reflected in the development of the children in the areas of toiletry, feeding and dressing as measured by the Gesell Schedules.

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