Species composition, abundance pattern of Bemisia tabaci and its co-inhibitant on eggplants under different chemical fertilization condition

This study assesses the interaction, relationship and recorded several species of insectacarines pest on the underside of eggplant leaves. Variation of infestation levels by a community of insect-acarines detected on the leaves namely Whitefly Bemisia tabaci, aphids Myzus persicae, thrips Thrips palmi, mite and spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus caused serious damage at the initial stage of plant growth with flowering and fruiting stage. Different effects by fertilizer levels were observed affected the presence of insect-acarines and dominancy of major pest. The result also showed that all the insectspest was colonized competitively on the leaves for every sampling date due to treatments effect. Whitefly was found to be the most dominant on eggplants which resulted in more than 50% from other insect pest composition, particularly at higher fertilizer levels. Some occasions described that the predator-prey relationship has been identified as a major role in the habitat competition. There was an obvious trend of competitor pest of whitefly such as aphids’ population was found higher than whitefly in all treatments. Generally, this study suggests that the dominant species and the first invader probably could suppress or mediate the other competitor significantly once they occupied on the same quality of host plants.

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Insect fauna of pests and their natural enemies inhabiting sorghum-panicles in Egypt

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-019-0190-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hosam M. K. H. El-Gepaly

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Pest Species ◽

Parasitoid Species ◽

Insect Fauna ◽

Cryptoblabes Gnidiella ◽

Arthropod Species ◽

Lepidopteran Pests ◽

Major Pest

AbstractSorghum panicles offer a very rich microenvironment for many insect pest species and their natural enemies. Thirty arthropod species belonging to 28 families, pertaining to 9 orders were obtained from sorghum panicles planted in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, during the 3 successive seasons of 2016–2018. Out of these species were 14 pests, 16 predators, and 3 parasitoids. Lepidopteran and hemipteran pests were the most dominant species-infested sorghum-panicles during the mature stages of the panicles. Three microlepidopteran pests, the noctuid, Eublemma (Autoba) gayneri (Roth.); the pyralid, Cryptoblabes gnidiella Millière, and the cosmopterigid, Pyroderces simplex Walsingham, were recorded as major pest species infesting sorghum panicles in Sohag Governorate. The dipteran parasitoid species, Nemorilla floralis (Fallen) (Tachinidae) emerged from the pupae of the E. gayneri and C. gnidiella, while the hymenopteran parasitoid, Brachymeria aegyptiaca (Chalcididae) was obtained from the pupae of all the studied microlepidopteran pests. Spiders, coccinellids, and Orius spp. were the dominant predators collected form panicles. Post-harvest, larvae, and pupae of lepidopteran pests, especially P. simplex recorded (147, 96, and 79 larvae) and (47, 30, and 73 pupae)/10 panicles in 2016, 2017, and 2018 seasons, respectively.

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Molecular and Functional Characterization of One Odorant-Binding Protein Gene OBP3 in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toz248 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ran Wang ◽

Yuan Hu ◽

Peiling Wei ◽

Cheng Qu ◽

Chen Luo

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Critical Role ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Odorant Binding Protein ◽

Binding Characteristics ◽

And Function ◽

Odorant Binding

Abstract Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) of insects play a critical role in chemical perceptions and choice of insect host plant. Bemisia tabaci is a notorious insect pest which can damage more than 600 plant species. In order to explore functions of OBPs in B. tabaci, here we investigated binding characteristics and function of odorant-binding protein 3 in B. tabaci (BtabOBP3). The results indicated that BtabOBP3 shows highly similar sequence with OBPs of other insects, including the typical signature motif of six cysteines. The recombinant BtabOBP3 protein was obtained, and the evaluation of binding affinities to tested volatiles of host plant was conducted, then the results indicated that β-ionone had significantly higher binding to BtabOBP3 among other tested plant volatiles. Furthermore, silencing of BtabOBP3 significantly altered choice behavior of B. tabaci to β-ionone. In conclusion, it has been demonstrated that BtabOBP3 exerts function as one carrier of β-ionone and the results could be contributed to reveal the mechanisms of choosing host plant in B. tabaci.

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Do we have enough information to apply the ecosystem approach to management of deep-sea fisheries? An example from the West of Scotland

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsq065 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 265-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Johanna J. Heymans ◽

Kerry L. Howell ◽

Morag Ayers ◽

Michael T. Burrows ◽

John D. M. Gordon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Ecosystem Model ◽

Ecosystem Approach ◽

The West ◽

Holistic View ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Relative Paucity ◽

Water Ecosystem ◽

Fisheries Interactions

Abstract Heymans, J. J., Howell, K. L., Ayers, M., Burrows, M. T., Gordon, J. D. M., Jones, E. G., and Neat, F. 2011. Do we have enough information to apply the ecosystem approach to management of deep-sea fisheries? An example from the West of Scotland. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 265–280. There is currently a global call for more use of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM), and ecosystem models such as Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) are being used to provide a holistic view of ecosystem–fisheries interactions. Although these can be useful for an EAFM, the relative paucity of data available for deep-sea ecosystems raises concerns whether we can effectively apply an EAFM to the deep sea. The deep-sea ecosystem off the west coast of Scotland has been studied for longer and in more detail than most. This study assimilates the significant published and unpublished information available on this ecosystem into an EwE model. The results suggest that there are sufficient data available to construct an ecosystem model, but the quality of the data varies and serious potential sources of error are present in biomass and discard estimates. The assumptions needed to produce a model are varied and must be considered when interpreting the outputs of the model. Ecosystem modelling provides a unique view of the deep-water ecosystem and facilitates hypothesis development concerning predator–prey and inter-fishery interactions. Sharks are used to illustrate the benefits of using an ecosystem model to describe changes in their biomass and their prey species. The results show that both fishing for sharks and fishing for their prey affect the biomass of sharks.

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Synergetic Use of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Data for Soil Moisture Mapping at Plot Scale

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs10081285 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1285 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Reza Attarzadeh ◽

Jalal Amini ◽

Claudia Notarnicola ◽

Felix Greifeneder

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Optical Data ◽

Estimation Accuracy ◽

Support Vector ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Object Based ◽

Single Polarization ◽

Selection Of

This paper presents an approach for retrieval of soil moisture content (SMC) by coupling single polarization C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical data at the plot scale in vegetated areas. The study was carried out at five different sites with dominant vegetation cover located in Kenya. In the initial stage of the process, different features are extracted from single polarization mode (VV polarization) SAR and optical data. Subsequently, proper selection of the relevant features is conducted on the extracted features. An advanced state-of-the-art machine learning regression approach, the support vector regression (SVR) technique, is used to retrieve soil moisture. This paper takes a new look at soil moisture retrieval in vegetated areas considering the needs of practical applications. In this context, we tried to work at the object level instead of the pixel level. Accordingly, a group of pixels (an image object) represents the reality of the land cover at the plot scale. Three approaches, a pixel-based approach, an object-based approach, and a combination of pixel- and object-based approaches, were used to estimate soil moisture. The results show that the combined approach outperforms the other approaches in terms of estimation accuracy (4.94% and 0.89 compared to 6.41% and 0.62 in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and R2), flexibility on retrieving the level of soil moisture, and better quality of visual representation of the SMC map.

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Evaluation of Resistance Development in Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12110996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 996

Author(s):

Muhammad Zaryab Khalid ◽

Sohail Ahmed ◽

Ibrahim Al-ashkar ◽

Ayman EL Sabagh ◽

Liyun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

The Other ◽

Resistance Development ◽

Susceptible Population ◽

Low Level ◽

Development Of Resistance ◽

Major Pest ◽

Selection For ◽

High Level ◽

Very High

Cotton is a major crop of Pakistan, and Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of cotton. Due to the unwise and indiscriminate use of insecticides, resistance develops more readily in the whitefly. The present study was conducted to evaluate the resistance development in the whitefly against the different insecticides that are still in use. For this purpose, the whitefly population was selected with five concentrations of each insecticide, for five generations. At G1, compared with the laboratory susceptible population, a very low level of resistance was observed against bifenthrin, cypermethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, chlorfenapyr, and buprofezin with a resistance ratio of 3-fold, 2-fold, 1-fold, 4-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, and 3-fold, respectively. However, the selection for five generations increased the resistance to a very high level against buprofezin (127-fold), and to a high level against imidacloprid (86-fold) compared with the laboratory susceptible population. While, a moderate level of resistance was observed against cypermethrin (34-fold), thiamethoxam (34-fold), nitenpyram (30-fold), chlorfenapyr (29-fold), and acetamiprid (21-fold). On the other hand, the resistance was low against bifenthrin (18-fold) after selection for five generations. A very low level of resistance against the field population of B. tabaci, at G1, showed that these insecticides are still effective, and thus can be used under the field conditions for the management of B. tabaci. However, the proper rotation of insecticides among different groups can help to reduce the development of resistance against insecticides.

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Trading quality and breadmaking performance of wheat treated with natural zeolite and diatomaceous earth

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt1142001b ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marija Bodroza-Solarov ◽

Petar Kljajic ◽

Goran Andric ◽

Marijana Prazic-Golic ◽

Bojana Filipcev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Zeolite ◽

Crop Production ◽

Diatomaceous Earth ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Insect Pest Control ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Flour Properties ◽

Organic Crop Production ◽

Certified Organic

The aim of study was to investigate the influence of naturally occurring zeolite and diatomaceous earth, as inert dusts approved for insect pest control in certified organic crop production, on trading and breadmaking quality of treated wheat. The treatments significantly reduced the trading quality of wheat which was reflected through lowering of test weight. This effect was more marked in the case of low-vitreous wheat rather than in high-vitreous one. Investigation of rheological properties of flours made from the treated wheat demonstrated that treatments with natural zeolite and diatomaceous earth at all applied doses significantly increased the water absorption, which consequently increased the bread yield. However, these changes in the flour properties were not high enough to modify the quality attributes of bread as was shown by instrumentally measuring crumb hardness and springiness as well as sensory evaluation.

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Formation of paremiological competence using mobile applications in a foreign language lesson in elementary school

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/202111300058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 113 ◽

pp. 00058

Author(s):

M.A. Kulkova ◽

A.I. Giniatullina ◽

N.V. Konopleva

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Foreign Language ◽

Mobile Applications ◽

Mobile Application ◽

Communicative Competence ◽

Teaching English ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Flexible Adaptation ◽

The Individual

This article is devoted to the study of the conditions for the formation of paremiological competence in a foreign language lesson using mobile applications. Their usage allows to improve the quality of the process of learning foreign language thanks to the elements of interactivity. Mobile applications provide the ability of flexible adaptation of educational content to the individual needs of the teacher. Using the mobile application called ‘Quizlet’ is one of the most effective ways to form the paremiological component of communicative competence in schoolchildren at the initial stage of education. The success of using this mobile application in teaching English vocabulary is confirmed by the results of the pedagogical experiment.

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Monitoring Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestation in Soybean Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

10.20944/preprints202010.0229.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pedro P. S. Barros ◽

Inana X. Schutze ◽

Fernando H. Iost Filho ◽

Pedro Takao Yamamoto ◽

Peterson Fiorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Management Program ◽

Hyperspectral Remote Sensing ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Soybean Leaves ◽

Different Levels

Although monitoring and observing insect pest populations in the fields is essential in crop management, it is still a laborious and sometimes ineffective process. High infestation levels may diminish the photosynthetic activity of soybean plants, affecting their development and reducing the yield. An imprecise decision making in integrated pest management program may lead to an ineffective control in infested areas or the excessive use of insecticides. In order to reach a more efficient control of arthropods population it is important to evaluate the infestation in time to mitigate its negative effects on the crop and remote sensing is an important tool for monitoring. It was proposed that infested soybean areas could be identified, and the arthropods quantified from non-infested areas in a field by hyperspectral remote sensing. Thus, the goals of this study were to investigate and discriminate the reflectance characteristics of soybean non-infested and infested with Bemisia tabaci using hyperspectral remote sensing data. Therefore, samples of infested and non-infested soybean leaves were collected and transported to the laboratory to obtain the hyperspectral curves. The results obtained allowed to discriminate the different levels of infestation and to separate healthy from whitefly infested soybean leaves based on their reflectance.

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THE DEHYDRATION OF PORK

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr43d-032 ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 21d (12) ◽

pp. 394-404

Author(s):

Jesse A. Pearce

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Final Stage ◽

Open Steam ◽

Raw Meat ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Drying Procedures ◽

Tray Drying

Four preprocessing and three drying procedures for the dehydration of pork were studied. The best product resulted from cooking in an open steam-jacketed kettle, followed by mincing and tunnel–tray drying in four hours or less with a tray load of 2 lb. per square foot. Little difference in quality of the product was observed for air velocities of 700 to 1200 ft. per min. over the trays, or for initial stage temperatures between 70° and 80 °C. and final stage temperatures between 55° and 70 °C.Pork, when dried to a moisture content of 3 to 4% in less than four hours, still retained a high percentage of the thiamin present in the raw meat, showed no fat deterioration when assessed by peroxide oxygen determinations, and on reconstitution had a palatability rating approximately equal to that of the initial cooked material.

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