scholarly journals Antioxidant capacity of snack cookies made from mango and pineapple fermentation

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
R. Rompies ◽  
N. Mayulu ◽  
F. Nurkolis ◽  
B.J. Kepel ◽  
H. Natanael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Mango (Mangifera indica) and pineapple (Ananas Comosus) are tropical fruits that contain many nutrients, one of which is antioxidants and polyphenols. Lots of studies have shown that fermented fruit is higher in antioxidants and health benefits. Antioxidants have been reported to be an alternative to enhance body immunity and possibly become an Anti -SARS-CoV-2. One of the antioxidants that are easily found in vitamin C. This study is to process the fermented mango and pineapple fruits into cookies and to test the antioxidant content (especially Vitamin C) in vitro. There were three variations of the formulation, mango: pineapple: CO2 free water. Sample 1 (1: 0.5: 0.5), sample 2 (2: 1: 1) and sample 3 (3: 2: 2). Then, all product samples were inoculated with Lactobacillus paracasei 5% b/v for 14 days under anaerobic conditions to get simpler mangoes and pineapple food fibre. The fermented products were made into flour with a freeze dryer. Sample variation is done to determine the average significance of the antioxidant content in it. The next step was Vitamin C analysis from 3 samples of cookies sample using Titration Iodometric Method, to determine the amount of Vitamin C (mg/100 g) and also the antioxidant activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The amount of vitamin C obtained in Sample 1 was 100.20 mg/100 g respectively with antioxidant activity is 35.33%. Sample 2 was 95.75 mg/100 g respectively with antioxidant activity is 30.60%. Sample 3 was 107.90 mg/100 g respectively with antioxidant activity is 44.70%. The formulation with the highest amount of cookies sample containing vitamin C is S3. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) that determined vitamin C levels between sample formulations. The mean ash content of the three samples was 2.02±0.04% and water content were 1.60± 0.15%. The average vitamin C levels in the three sample cookies were 101.28±6.14 mg/100 g. Sample 3 indicated the best antioxidant activity towards 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in the amount of 44.70%. Therefore, fermented mango and pineapple have a great potential to be developed into healthy snack cookies. The vitamin C and antioxidants content in cookies from the fermentation of mango and pineapple may be a great substitute for snacks since antioxidants has the ability to improve immunity and anti-inflammatory response. These cookies are also good prebiotics for the gut microbiome which plays a good role in the immune system.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Different Local Anesthetic Solutions Available in Market: An In Vitro and Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisha Imran ◽  
Faisal Moeen ◽  
Beenish Abbas ◽  
Bakhtawar Yaqoob ◽  
Mehreen Wajahat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Similar Composition ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objectives The study aimed to evaluate and compare various commercially available local anesthetic solutions. Materials and Methods A total of 150 commercially available local anesthetic cartridges of similar composition (2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000) were randomly collected and divided into 3 groups. The designations of groups were selected from their product names such that each group consisted of 60 cartridges. Group S (Septodont, France) Group M (Medicaine, Korea) and Group H (HD-Caine, Pakistan). The samples were divided into five sub-groups, each consisting of 10 cartridges from each group to investigate each parameter. Results The acquired data was statistically analyzed and compared (using SPSS version 12). Compositional analysis revealed a non-significant (P>0.05) difference when the three Groups were compared with standard lidocaine and epinephrine solutions. The mean pH values of samples from group S, M and H respectively fell within the range of pH values of commercially available solutions. Non-significant difference in EPT values of Group S and H was found when efficacy was compared (p = 0.3), however a significant difference (p < 0.01) was observed in contrast to Group M. Anti-bacterial activity was observed in all the group and a non-significant difference in cell viability values of Group S and M was found (p = 0.6), while the difference was significant in comparison to Group H. Conclusion Within the limitations of these investigations, it appears that the properties of different manufacturers fall within the recommended ranges as mentioned in literature and do not appear to be statistically different in the variables we have tested.

scholarly journals In Vivo Radioprotective Activity of Cell-Permeable Bifunctional Antioxidant Enzyme GST-TAT-SOD against Whole-Body Ionizing Irradiation in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianru Pan ◽  
Huocong He ◽  
Ying Su ◽  
Guangjin Zheng ◽  
Junxin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Radioprotective Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wbc Count

GST-TAT-SOD was the fusion of superoxide dismutase (SOD), cell-permeable peptide TAT, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). It was proved to be a potential selective radioprotector in vitro in our previous work. This study evaluated the in vivo radioprotective activity of GST-TAT-SOD against whole-body irradiation. We demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml GST-TAT-SOD (2 kU/ml) 2 h before the 6 Gy whole-body irradiation in mice almost completely prevented the splenic damage. It could significantly enhance the splenic antioxidant activity which kept the number of splenic white pulp and consequently resisted the shrinkage of the spleen. Moreover, the thymus index, hepatic antioxidant activity, and white blood cell (WBC) count of peripheral blood in irradiated mice pretreated with GST-TAT-SOD also remarkably increased. Although the treated and untreated irradiated mice showed no significant difference in the growth rate of animal body weight at 7 days postirradiation, the highest growth rate of body weight was observed in the GST-TAT-SOD-pretreated group. Furthermore, GST-TAT-SOD pretreatment increased resistance against 8 Gy whole-body irradiation and enhanced 30 d survival. The overall effect of GST-TAT-SOD seemed to be a bit more powerful than that of amifostine. In conclusion, GST-TAT-SOD would be a safe and potentially promising radioprotector.

Surface culture of Steinernema sp. on two solid media and their pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.I. Cortés-Martínez ◽  
A.I. Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
M.R. López-Cuellar ◽  
N. Chavarría-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Surface Culture ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacterial Lawn ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The use of native entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents is a strategy to decrease the environmental impact of insecticides and achieve sustainable agriculture crops. In this study, the effect of the surface culture of Steinernema sp. JAP1 over two solid media at 23–27°C on infective juvenile (IJ) production and pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. First, the bacterial lawn on the surface of the media with egg yolk (P2) or chicken liver (Cl) were incubated in darkness at 30°C for 48 and 72 h, and 100 surface-sterilized IJs were added. Four harvests were conducted within the next 35 days and the mean accumulated production was superior on Cl (210 × 103 IJs) than on P2 (135 × 103 IJs), but the productivity decreased up to 10% when the incubation time of the bacterial lawn was of 72 h. The mean pathogenicity of in vitro- and in vivo-produced IJs were of 47–64% and 31%, respectively. It is worth noting that none of the two solid media had a statistically significant difference in IJ pathogenicity. Considering that the maximum multiplication factor of IJs on solid media was 2108 and that the pathogenicity against G. mellonella was outstanding, Steinernema sp. has a good potential for in vitro mass production.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BELIMBING WULUH DAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA DALAM PEMBUATAN SELAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini ◽  
Dody Handito ◽  
Siska Cicilia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sensory Tests

This study aims to determine the concentration of starfruit juice and dragon fruit peel on the quality of jam. The experimental design used was a one-factor Randomized Block Design (RAK) with six treatments and three replications to obtain 18 samples. The treatments were the concentration of starfruit juice and dragon fruit peel extract with P1 (100% : 0%), P2 (85% : 15%), P3 (70% : 15%), P4 (55% : 45%), P5 ( 40% : 60%) and P6 (25% : 75%). Parameters observed were vitamin C levels, antioxidant activity, spread, and color as well as sensory tests (color, aroma, and taste). Data analysis results were tested by analysis of variance at a significance level of 5% using Co-Stat software. If there is a significant difference, then the orthogonal polynomial further test is carried out, while the physical and sensory tests are further tested using the Honest Significant Difference test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the concentration of star fruit juice and dragon fruit pulp did not have a different effect on vitamin C levels but had a significantly different effect on antioxidant activity, spread, and color. P6 treatment resulted in the highest antioxidant activity of 77.27%, 12.80 mg of vitamin C content, 10.1 cm of smearing power, and sensory properties that were acceptable to the panelists.

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND CYTOTOXIC OF N-hexane AND METHANOL EXTRACT FROM MANGO LEAVES (Mangifera indica L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Vina Juliana Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Mango Leaves

Telah dilakukan uji antioksidan dan sitotoksik terhadap ekstrak n-heksana dan metanol daun mangga (Mangifera indica L.). Daun mangga diekstrak menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat menggunakan 2 pelarut yang berbeda yaitu pelarut n-heksana dan metanol. Hasil maserasi dipekatkan kemudian diuji aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksiknya. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode spektrometri dengan pereaksi DPPH dan pembandingnya berupa vitamin C. Sedangkan untuk uji sitotoksik menggunakan metode BLST. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kedua ekstrak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksik. Pada ekstrak metanol diperoleh IC50 sebesar 13,54 ppm dan LC50 sebesar 260,07 ppm. Sedangkan pada ekstrak n-heksana diperoleh IC50 sebesar 730,03  ppm dan LC50 sebesar 711,73 ppm. Untuk standar DPPH menggunakan vitamin C dengan IC50 sebesar 5.13 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksik ekstrak metanol lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan esktrak n-heksana.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Mango Peel Liqueurs (Mangifera indica L.) Produced by Different Methods of Maceration

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Monteiro Coelho ◽  
Marcelo Eduardo Alves Olinda de Souza ◽  
Luiz Claudio Corrêa ◽  
Arão Cardoso Viana ◽  
Luciana Cavalcanti de Azevêdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Bioactive Content ◽  
Mango Peels

The present work had the objective of producing liqueurs from mango peels (varieties “Haden” and “Tommy Atkins”) by processes of alcoholic maceration and maceration with pectinase, as well as to evaluate bioactive compounds by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and fluorescence-detection (RP-HPLC/DAD/FD) and in vitro antioxidant activity (AOX), for by-product potential reuse. Alcoholic maceration in wine ethanol (65% v/v) produced liqueurs with higher phytochemical and AOX content. Maceration with pectinase resulted in liqueurs with higher quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside content. In relation to mango varieties, Haden liqueurs presented higher bioactive content than Tommy Atkins liqueurs. The liqueurs presented high antioxidant activity. The main bioactive compounds found were flavanols (epicatechin-gallate, epigallocatechin-gallate), flavonols (quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside and rutin), and phenolic acids (gallic acid, o-coumaric acid, and syringic acid). The present study showed that the production of liqueur enabled the recovering of an important part of the bioactive content of mango peels, suggesting an alternative for the recovery of antioxidant substances from this by-product.

scholarly journals Effect of Hyaluronan on Developmental Competence and Quality of Oocytes and Obtained Blastocysts fromIn VitroMaturation of Bovine Oocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Opiela ◽  
Joanna Romanek ◽  
Daniel Lipiński ◽  
Zdzisław Smorąg
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Nuclear Maturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HA) during IVM on meiotic maturation, embryonic development, and the quality of oocytes, granulosa cells (GC), and obtained blastocysts. COCs were maturedin vitroin control medium and medium with additional 0.035% or 0.07% of exogenous HA. The meiotic maturity did not differ between the analysed groups. The best rate and the highest quality of obtained blastocysts were observed when 0.07% HA was used. A highly significant difference (P<0.001) was noted in the mean number of apoptotic nuclei per blastocyst and in the DCI between the 0.07% HA and the control blastocysts (P<0.01). Our results suggest that addition of 0.035% HA and 0.07% HA to oocyte maturation media does not affect oocyte nuclear maturation and DNA fragmentation. However, the addition of 0.07% HA during IVM decreases the level of blastocysts DNA fragmentation. Finally, our results suggest that it may be risky to increase the HA concentration during IVM above 0.07% as we found significantly higherBaxmRNA expression levels in GC cultured with 0.07% HA. The final concentration of HA being supplemented to oocyte maturation media is critical for the success of the IVP procedure.

Milk yield and mammary function in dairy cows milked four times daily

1990 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eric Hillerton ◽  
Christopher H. Knight ◽  
Alan Turvey ◽  
Stephen D. Wheatley ◽  
Colin J. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Milking Frequency ◽  
Rate Of Decline

SummaryGroups of lactating cows and heifers were milked four times daily in two diagonally opposed glands for 4 weeks, and the effects on milk yield studied relative to twice-daily milked glands as controls. Mammary enzyme activities, in vitro synthesis rates of milk constituents and histological scoring were determined in mammary biopsy samples obtained at the end of this period. These were used for assessment of mammary function. Frequent milking increased milk yield only in the treated glands, the contralateral control glands continuing to decline in yield at ~ 2%/week. There was no significant difference in response between cows and heifers; the mean increase in yield was 10·4%. The rate of decline in milk yield tended to decrease with frequent milking, to ~ 1%/week. Consequently the yield of the treated glands continued to be elevated above that of the controls for some time after reversion to overall twice daily milking. Milk protein content was increased slightly by frequent milking. Mammary enzyme activities were ~ 18% higher in the treated glands than in the controls. Synthesis rates of lactose, casein and total protein were unaffected by milking frequency, but were all lower in the gland selected for the second biopsy, reflecting the reduction in milk yield caused by the first biopsy. DNA synthesis was increased by milking frequency, as were the size and number of epithelial cells in histological sections.

Effect of Different Intermediary Bases on Microleakage of a Restorative Material in Class II Box Cavities of Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faika Y. Abdelmegid ◽  
Fouad S. Salama ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Saud K. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Sultan O. Baghazal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the effect of different intermediary bases on microleakage between tooth and a nanocomposite interface in Class II box cavities in primary teeth. Methods Standard Class II box cavities were prepared in 52 primary molars and randomly divided into 9 groups according to the intermediary base used (Multicore Flow, Fuji II LC, SDR, Smart Dentin Replacement, and Biodentine). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for microleakage testing and evaluation. Results There was significant difference in the mean ranks of microleakage between the 9 groups, which was observed in the gingival side (p<0.0001) and the occlusal side (p<0.0001). The mean ranks microleakage was significantly higher with experimental SDR, experimental Multicore Flow, and positive control materials when compared with the other 6 groups. The microleakage mean ranks were statistically significantly lower in experimental Fuji II LC, experimental Biodentine, and all negative control groups when compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions Microleakage is affected by the application of intermediate material. Experimental Biodentine and Fuji II LC showed the lowest microleakage while experimental SDR and experimental Multicore Flow showed the highest microleakage.

In vitro cholesterol esterification in human serum.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
J K Yao ◽  
P J Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cholesterol Esterification ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Fractional Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
Esterification Rate ◽  
The Mean

Abstract We report a simple, convenient, and reproducible method, involving the use of radiolabeled cholesterol dispersed in Tween 20 as a tracer and endogenous lipoproteins as a substrate, for measuring the rate of serum cholesterol esterification in vitro. The reaction of lecithin acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43) was enhanced by the presence of Tween 20, which probably accelerates the exchange between radiolabeled cholesterol and endogenous lipoprotein cholesterol. In sera from 65 normal subjects, the in vitro cholesterol esterification rate was significantly correlated (r=0.47,P=0.001) with age. The mean rate of esterification of 31 subjects 30 years old or younger was significantly lower than that of 34 subjects 31 to 64 years of age. We found no significant difference in the rate of esterification between men and women. The rate of cholesterol esterification (nmol/ml per h) was significantly correlated with the concentration of endogenous free cholesterol in serum, but the fractional rate (the percentage of radiolabeled cholesterol esterified per hour) was inversely proportional to the endogenous free cholesterol. The fatty acid composition of the cholesteryl esters formed by the acyltransferase reaction may provide an index in recognizing some specific disorder.

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