JUSTIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROLETARIAN MAIN CANAL DURING RECONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
YU.М. KOSICHENKO ◽  
◽  
O. A. BAEV
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Effective Cross Section ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Average Flow Velocity ◽  
Main Canal

Calculations of the main parameters of the Proletarsky main canal for a polygonal section during its reconstruction for various options are presented. A method for hydraulic calculation of the Proletarsky main canal has been carried out. The developed method of the hydraulic calculation is based on the determination of the coefficient of reduction of the polygonal shape of the section to the trapezoidal one according to the formula of A.A. Uginchus. Then the cross-sectional area of each element is found after reduction to a trapezoidal section, the wetted perimeters, hydraulic radius and Shezi coefficient of each section element are calculated. For the earthen channel of the canal, the obtained hydraulic characteristics closely matched the design data for the fl ow rate and average current velocity. The earthen channel of the canal with an ice cover has a significant decrease in hydraulic parameters from the design section, both in terms of flow rate up to 36.0 m3/s (or by 33%) and in terms of the average flow velocity up to 0.410 m/s. The widened asymmetrical earthen channel is characterized by an increased discharge up to 57.47 m3/s, an effective cross-section of 101 m2 and a wetted perimeter of 42.0 m in comparison with the design section. For the channel of the canal section with a protective strengthening made of a rock fill and gravel-pebble coating, reduced characteristics were obtained both in terms of flow rates and average flow rates which is due to their high value of roughness coefficients. At the same time, it was found that a decrease in the roughness coefficients of protective coatings during operation due to the colmatage of alluviums particles will lead to an increase in water consumption in the canal. However, the process of alluviums colmatage of the protective layer of stone material will be slow, for 10 years or more.

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA, PENGETAHUAN, DENGAN KEAKTIFAN LANJUT USIA (Lansia) MENGIKUTI KEGIATAN POSYANDU LANSIA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS GADING SURABAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
NINDY VARA MEIGIA
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bivariate Data ◽  
Quality Regulation ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Minimum Standards Service is basic service quality regulation that is entitled to be obtained by every citizen. Elderly people must obtain 100% health services. Various factors can lead to low visits to the elderly posyandu in the Gading Puskesmas area in 2017. Objective: to find out the relationship between family support, knowledge, and elderly activities in the elderly posyandu in Gading Surabaya puskesmas. Method: The type of research is observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. Data processing and analysis is done by univariate and bivariate. Data collection techniques by conducting simple random sampling with a sample of 94 elderly people. Location and time of research from December 2018 at the posyandu in the Gading Surabaya health center area. Results: There is a significant value of 0,000 <0,05, so it can be concluded is have a relationship with family support, knowledge of elderly with activity following the elderly posyandu at Gading Surabaya health center

Kajian Kandungan Fe dalam Air Tanah Terhadap Kadar Ekskresi Yodium dalam Urin pada Anak Sekolah di Desa Cerme Kecamatan Panjatan Kabupaten Kulon Progo

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Vivi Linda Fristianti ◽  
Nur Hidayat ◽  
Slamet Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
School Children ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fe Content

Background : IDD problem is a serious problem, 33% of districts in Indonesia are endemic, 21% of endemic mild, moderate endemic 5% and 7% by weight endemic. Urine Iodine Excretion (EYU) illustrates the iodine intake of a person, because 90% of the iodine that enter the body are excreted through the urine. Blocking agents are substances certain minerals such as iron, manganese and calcium, which can bind iodine in groundwater. Objectives : This study aims to determine the relationship of Fe content in ground water sources against EYU levels in school children in the village of the District Cerme Panjatan Kulon Progo. Methods : An observational analytic research with cross sectional design. Data collection is done in May - June 2015. Location research Elementary School Cerme, District Panjatan Kulon Progo. The subjects of the study as many as 34 children in elementary school classroom Cerme 3, 4 and 5 were taken by simple random sampling. Well water and urine samples taken students then tested the iron in the Central Health Laboratory test Yogyakarta and iodine in urine in Magelang BP2GAKY Laboratory. Data analysis using Spearman Range test with significancy level : 0.05. Result : Fe content in the ground water is below the normal threshold is <0.3 mg / L. While levels EYU school children who are under the optimal level of 5.9%, the optimal level of 32.4%, and the optimum levels above 61.8% (optimal: 100 - 199μg / L). Conclusion : There was no significant relationship between the Fe content in groundwater with levels of EYU in school children in District Panjatan Kulon Progo (p = 0.447).   Keywords: Fe, EYU

Hydraulic model of a water cooling system in a chemical plant

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-806
Author(s):  
Miloslav Hošťálek ◽  
Jiří Výborný ◽  
František Madron
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Graph Algorithm ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Controlled Flow

Steady state hydraulic calculation has been described of an extensive pipeline network based on a new graph algorithm for setting up and decomposition of balance equations of the model. The parameters of the model are characteristics of individual sections of the network (pumps, pipes, and heat exchangers with armatures). In case of sections with controlled flow rate (variable characteristic), or sections with measured flow rate, the flow rates are direct inputs. The interactions of the network with the surroundings are accounted for by appropriate sources and sinks of individual nodes. The result of the calculation is the knowledge of all flow rates and pressure losses in the network. Automatic generation of the model equations utilizes an efficient (vector) fixing of the network topology and predominantly logical, not numerical operations based on the graph theory. The calculation proper utilizes a modification of the model by the method of linearization of characteristics, while the properties of the modified set of equations permit further decrease of the requirements on the computer. The described approach is suitable for the solution of practical problems even on lower category personal computers. The calculations are illustrated on an example of a simple network with uncontrolled and controlled flow rates of cooling water while one of the sections of the network is also a gravitational return flow of the cooling water.

scholarly journals The Correlation amongst Salty Taste Preference and Overactive Bladder Symptoms in Female Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Jin-Won Noh ◽  
Kyoung-Beom Kim ◽  
Jae Heon Kim ◽  
Young Dae Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salty Taste ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Storage Symptom ◽  
And Storage

Sodium intake could have an indirect effect on storage symptoms as it is an established fact that it has a correlation to hypertension (HTN). However, clinical support for the correlation of sodium intake to STORAGE symptom remains scarce. Therefore, the present work sought to determine how sodium intake and OAB symptom seriousness were correlated in female individuals based on a cross-sectional research design. Data from 115,578 respondents chosen from 228,921 individuals enrolled in the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) were subjected to cross-sectional analysis. The correlation amongst sodium intake and STORAGE symptom was assessed on the basis of estimates of the incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Furthermore, joint correspondence analysis (JCA) was conducted to investigate how a predilection for salty taste was associated with several factors, including STORAGE symptom, socio-economic factors, comorbidities, and dietary habits. By comparison to respondents indicating a neutral predilection for salty taste, those who indicated a predilection for bland and salty taste were 7.1% (IRR = 1.071, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 1.045–1.097) and 20.5% (IRR = 1.205, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 1.177–1.234) more probable to experience severe STORAGE symptom, within an adjusted model with multiple variables. JCA confirmed the existence of a correlation between predilection for salty taste and STORAGE symptom. A close correlation was established to exist between predilection for salty taste and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as voiding and storage symptoms and nocturia. Moreover, sodium intake was found to be a risk factor for LUTS seriousness in both excessive and deficient amount.

scholarly journals Perception of the health surveillance users on the health electronic surveillance network (HESN), Saudi Arabia, 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zayid K. Almayahi ◽  
Fahad Alswaidi ◽  
Abdullah Alzahrani
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
General Level ◽  
Electronic Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The established aim of the Saudi Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) is to support the prevention and control of different health events, and to facilitate the delivery of other public health programs. This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of active HESN users regarding its general performance through five major components: practicability, design, data and communication, technical support, and general impression. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 using a sample of active HESN users. Out of 1535 active users, 700 were randomly selected. A predesigned electronic questionnaire was sent to each participant via email which was completed by 485 participants. Different composite scores were calculated and compared to the sociodemographic and other technical variables. Results The mean age of the participants was 36.92 ± 9.12 (24–65 years), and 57.8% of the sample were male. Riyadh and the KSA’s eastern province represented the highest two regions of participation, at (18.4%) and (14.2%) participants, respectively. About 70.8% were generally satisfied with HESN, while 86.6%% believed that it is better than the traditional paper-work system. Participants who used to work more frequently expressed more level of satisfaction compared to those with minimal use per week or month (P ≤ 0.001). Internet speed displayed a significant association with the general level of satisfaction with HESN (P < 0.001). Additionally, users who accessed HESN with the Google Chrome browser displayed higher levels of satisfaction when compared to users who relied on other browsers (P = 0.003). Conclusion Presently, the level of user satisfaction with HESN is reasonable. However, to achieve optimal outcomes for HESN usage, improvements should be considered.

scholarly journals Protection of Stone Monuments Using a Brushing Treatment with Ammonium Oxalate

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Domagoj Mudronja ◽  
Frederik Vanmeert ◽  
Stjepko Fazinic ◽  
Koen Janssens ◽  
Darko Tibljas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Calcite Dissolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stone Monuments ◽  
Surface Corrosion

Stone monuments and buildings are susceptible to weathering. Carbonate-based stones are especially vulnerable in acidic environments, whereas magmatic acidic stones are more susceptible to chemical weathering in basic environments. To slow down surface corrosion of limestone and marble artworks/buildings, protective coatings which inhibit calcite dissolution have been proposed. In this work, samples from two stone types with different porosity were treated with ammonium oxalate (AmOx) to create a protective layer of calcium oxalate (CaOx) using the previously developed brushing method. Two different synchrotron microscopy experiments were performed to determine its protective capability. X-ray powder diffraction (SR-μ-XRPD) in transmission geometry allowed visualization of the distributions of calcium carbonate and oxalates along the sample depths. In a second step, X-ray fluorescence (SR-μ-XRF) was used to check the efficiency/integrity of the protective surface coating layer. This was done by measuring the sulfur distribution on the stone surface after exposing the protected stones to sulfuric acid. XRPD showed the formation of a protective oxalate layer with a thickness of 5–15 µm on the less porous stone, while a 20–30 µm thick layer formed on the more porous stone. The XRF study showed that the optimal treatment time depends on the stone porosity. Increasing the treatment time from 1 to 3 h resulted in a decreased efficiency of the protective layer for the low porosity stone. We assume that this is due to the formation of vertical channels (cracks) in the protective layer.

Moral distress in undergraduate nursing students

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2325-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simoní Saraiva Bordignon ◽  
Valéria Lerch Lunardi ◽  
Edison Luiz Devos Barlem ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Rosemary Silva da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing Students ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Distress Scale

Background: Moral distress is considered to be the negative feelings that arise when one knows the morally correct response to a situation but cannot act because of institutional or hierarchal constraints. Objectives: To analyze moral distress and its relation with sociodemographic and academic variables in undergraduate students from different universities in Brazil. Method: Quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through the Moral Distress Scale for Nursing Students, with 499 nursing students from three universities in the extreme south of Brazil answering the scale. The data were analyzed in the statistical software SPSS version 22.0, through descriptive statistical analysis, association tests (t-test and analysis of variance), and linear regression models. Ethical considerations: Approval for the study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. Findings: The mean intensity of moral distress in the constructs ranged from 1.60 to 2.55. As to the occurrence of situations leading to moral distress in the constructs, the frequencies ranged from 1.21 to 2.43. The intensity level of moral distress showed higher averages in the more advanced grades of the undergraduate nursing course, when compared to the early grades of this course (between 5 and 10 grade, average = 2.60–3.14, p = 0.000). Conclusion: The demographic and academic characteristics of the undergraduate nursing students who referred higher levels of moral distress were being enrolled in the final course semesters, were at a federal university, and had no prior degree as an auxiliary nurse/nursing technician.

Measuring Parental Barriers to Childhood Immunizations: The Development and Validation of the Searching for Hardships and Obstacles to Shots (SHOTS) Instrument

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria P. Niederhauser
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Immunizations ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Parental Barriers

There is a plethora of literature on barriers to immunizations; however, these studies lack standardization of measurement. The aim of this study was to develop and establish an initial psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure parental barriers to childhood immunizations. This was a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability estimates, item analysis, and factor analysis. Six hundred and fifty-five participants completed the survey. The Searching for Hardships and Obstacles to Shots instrument was developed with 60 items and reduced to 23 items thorough multiple statistical computations; the best factor model was a three-factor solution (Access to Shots, Concerns About Shots, and Importance of Shots) with a total variance explained of 59.4%. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability estimates ranged from .86 to .93, and temporal stability was adequate (r = .85). This study supports exceptional initial psychometric properties of an instrument to measure parental barriers to childhood immunizations.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the cerium oxide primer layers deposited on AA2024-T3 aircraft alloy by preliminary Enhancement of the cerium oxide primer layers deposited on AA2024-T3 aircraft alloy by preliminary anodization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan V. Kozhukharov ◽  
Christian Girginov
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anodized Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Linear Voltammetry ◽  
And Performance

<p class="PaperAbstract"><span lang="EN-US">The possibility for combination between Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) and Cerium Oxide Primer Layer (CeOPL) for elaboration of efficient protective coatings for AA2024-T3 aircraft alloy is proposed in the present research. The combined AAO/CeOPL coating characterizations include Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) combined with Linear Voltammetry (LVA), for extended times (until 2520 hours) to a model corrosive medium (3.5% NaCl). Topographical and cross-sectional (SEM and EDX) observations were performed in order to determine the AAO/CeOPL film thickness and composition. The AAO/CeOPL layer durability tests were confirmed by standard Neutral Salt Spray (NSS). The data analysis from all the used measurement methods has undoubtedly shown that the presence of AAO film significantly improves the cerium oxide primer layer (CeOPL) protective properties and performance. </span></p>

Leach Behavior of SRL TDS-131 Defense Waste Glass in Water at High&Low Flow Rates

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Barkatt ◽  
William Sousanpour ◽  
Alisa Barkatt ◽  
Morad A. Boroomand ◽  
Pedro B. Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Controlling Mechanism ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Leach Behavior

ABSTRACTLeach tests carried out on SRL TDS-131 Defense Waste Class indicate that at high flow rates the controlling mechanism is simple corrosion. The matrix elements (Si, Al) are leached out at rates similar to those of the leaching of the alkalis and of boron, and the leaching process is nearly linear with time. At slow flow rates (below 1 m/yr) leaching becomes controlled by the build-up of a protective layer. Al and most of the Si remain in the leached surface layer. The leach rates decrease in the course of the test before leveling off at constant values which are almost inversely proportional to the contact time, indicating that leachate concentrations have become solubility-limited. The low concentrations observed at this stage indicate the formation of alteration products.

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