IRRATIONALITY OF THINKING AS A WAY TO COPE WITH THE UNCERTAINTY OF THE MODERN WORLD

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Vasilisa R. Orestova ◽  
◽  
Daria P. Tkachenko ◽  
Marina A. Manchkhashvili ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
Conspiracy Theory ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Familiar World ◽  
And Control ◽  
Basic Beliefs

This work is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the worldview, in particular, the irrational attitudes of modern people who find themselves in a situation of abrupt changes. Their significance for coping with uncertainty and maintaining a sense of security and control of the world is analyzed. The article considers domestic and foreign approaches to understanding the mechanisms of overcoming and rethinking the changing reality, as well as the contribution of irrational beliefs to strategies aimed at coping with the crisis. The results of an empirical study of the peculiarities of the worldview of people faced with the COVID-19 pandemic and the selfisolation regime introduced in March 2020 are presented. A comparative analysis of the data obtained from 188 respondents was carried out in terms of basic beliefs, belief in the supernatural and conspiracy theory, propensity to pseudo-intentionality, and locus of control. The contributions of gender and age factors to the expression of basic beliefs, irrational attitudes, belief in the supernatural and pseudo-intentionality are shown. The connection of basic beliefs with a tendency to pseudo-intentional attitudes, irrational beliefs and belief in conspiracy theory is demonstrated. The conclusion is made about the predominant importance of maintaining the basic attitudes of the personality when faced with abrupt changes in the familiar world. The limitations of extrapolation of research results due to the specificity of the surveyed sample are noted.

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS DEFINING THE ATTITUDE OF RUSSIAN PEOPLE TOWARDS PRENUPTIAL AGREEMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Anna Sergeeva ◽  
Alla Pryaluhina ◽  
Olga Tuzova ◽  
Tamara Tuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Is Evaluation ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
Two Stages

In the modern world the institution of family and marriage is undergoing various changes. The attitude of Russian people towards the prenuptial agreement shows a tendency for acceptance and approval. The stereotypical perception of the prenuptial agreement as unacceptable between close people is in the past. Based on that, the article is focused on the comparative analysis of the factors that define the attitude of Russian people towards the prenuptial agreement. The key point in the research is evaluation of specific features of respondents’ opinions, expressed in the years of 2007 and 2018, in accordance with the following socio-psychological factors: awareness of the prenuptial agreement, aims for signing one or reasons to refuse doing so, gender and age factors. Research methods include: a preliminary survey of couples in order to define sample groups, a questionnaire, observation, a mathematical method of data analysis (Fisher’s φ-criterion). The research was conducted in two stages: the first diagnostics in the year 2007 (n=40 couples), and the second – in 2018 (n=50 couples). The respondents were divided into groups by the social status of their relationships: officially married, planning to get married, co-habiting couples and partner (guest) relationships. The age of respondents was 18-47. The results of the research showed the following: increase in age leads to clearer understanding and a better expressed opinion about the prenuptial agreement, positive dynamics in favourable perception of prenuptial agreement among the respondents who are officially married or are planning to marry, increased importance of motives for signing a prenuptial agreement – “protection of  one’s own interests” and “opportunity to put pressure on the spouse”,  lack of connection between the attitude towards prenuptial agreement and awareness of the document.  

PROSPECTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CARRYING OUT THE ONCOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF THE POPULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-237
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Cherenkov ◽  
A. Petrov ◽  
I. Gulkov ◽  
A. Kostyukov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Pilot Program ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Group Version

Diagnosis of malignant tumors is an urgent problem of the modern world. Early diagnosis depends on General practitioners. The doctor should conduct a systematic examination of the patient regularly, taking into account the risk groups, gender and age. With mass screening, signs of dysplasia or an early focus, developing cancer can «slip away» [1]. Optimization of analysis and examination algorithms is required, which is not always possible for one person. Positive application of the digital program with elements of imaging in Oncology, we were able to create such a class of tasks for the preliminary subjective-objective survey of patients in three versions: with a widescreen screen and consoles for patients (group version up to 15 or more patients), interactive (touch) and tablet. The results of the survey are sent through the accepted channels to the doctor with recommendations for further examination, and the patient is given a coupon. The pilot program showed that the system of such robotic technologies in the future can replace the oncologist in its development to artificial intelligence at the stage of the primary link.

scholarly journals Gender and Age Stratified Analyses of Nutrient and Dietary Pattern Associations with Circulating Lipid Levels Identify Novel Gender and Age-Specific Correlations

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifeng Jin ◽  
Jessie Nicodemus-Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender Specific

Dyslipidemia is a precursor to a myriad of cardiovascular diseases in the modern world. Age, gender, and diet are known modifiers of lipid levels, however they are not frequently investigated in subset analyses. Food and nutrient intakes from National Health and Nutrition Examination Study 2001–2013 were used to assess the correlation between lipid levels (high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and total cholesterol (TC):HDL cholesterol ratio) and nutritional intake using linear regression. Associations were initially stratified by gender and significant gender correlations were further stratified by age. Analyses were performed at both the dietary pattern and nutrient level. Dietary pattern and fat intake correlations agreed with the literature in direction and did not demonstrate gender or age effects; however, we observed gender and age interactions among other dietary patterns and individual nutrients. These effects were independent of ethnicity, caloric intake, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. Elevated HDL cholesterol levels correlated with increasing vitamin and mineral intake in females of child bearing age but not males or older females (≥65 years). Moreover, increases in magnesium and retinol intake correlated with HDL cholesterol improvement only in females (all age groups) and males (35–64), respectively. Finally, a large amount of gender-specific variation was associated with TG levels. Females demonstrated positive associations with sugar and carbohydrate while males show inverse associations with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. The female-specific association increased with the ratio of carbohydrate: saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake, suggesting that gender specific dietary habits may underlie the observed TG-nutrient correlations. Our study provides evidence that a subset of previously established nutrient-lipid associations may be gender or age-specific. Such discoveries provide potential new avenues for further research into personalized nutritional approaches to treat dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Narrative Realism at the Interplay of Traditionality and Modernity in Ousmane Sembene’s God’s Bits of Woods and Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s The River Between

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Moustapha Ndour
Keyword(s):  
Western Culture ◽  
West African ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Effects ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Realist Novels ◽  
African Community ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
And Control

This paper articulates the interactions between a traditional and modern world as embodied by the colonizer and the colonized, focusing on Ousmane Sembène’s God’s Bits of Woods (1960) and Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s The River Between (1965). It argues that both narratives can be read as realist novels that counter the hegemonic power of the European empire. While Sembène engages in critiquing imperialism and its social and cultural effects in the West African community –Senegal, Mali and Niger – Ngugi concentrates on the internal problems of the Gikuyu as they respond to the contact with the Western culture. The essay claims that the sociopolitical agendas in these novels should be understood within the context of French and British colonial regimes concerned with finding a legitimizing basis and control in an era when social and political forces of the colonies were energetically asserting themselves.

“Oil Weapon” in the Third and Fourth Arab-Israeli Wars

2010 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
K. Belousova
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Output Level ◽  
The West ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

In the modern world, energetic base materials, and especially petroleum connections, with their hubs, streams and directions, are much closer than economic ties. The history of relationship between oil-producing countries and the leading powers of the West became especially vivid during the Arab-Israeli wars of 1967 and 1973. The attempts of "petroleum weapon" employment in 1967, under the weight of radical Arab regimes and local population against the U.S. and West-European countries (Israel's allies), failed owing to a two-faced position of Saudi Arabia and other oil-producing Arab countries. During the Arab-Israeli war of 1973, the "petroleum weapon" had more serious consequences for the West. For once the Arabs were acting more in concert. Oil-importing countries realized their economic exposure. For the first time the Arab countries started to determine their oil output level and control its price assessment. In this way, the war of 1973 and its consequences created the new phenomenon: the oil prices dynamics came to be integrated with politics in the Middle East.

Advances in Understanding Landscape Influences on Freshwater Habitats and Biological Assemblages

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Nonnative Species ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Species Introduction ◽  
American Bullfrog ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Climbing Ability ◽  
Human Introduction ◽  
And Control

<i>Abstract.</i>—Waterfalls, caused by the abrupt changes of elevation in streams, are natural barriers that influence the distribution and dispersion of aquatic species. The resulting habitat fragmentation has contributed to species specialization as well as barriers that inhibit passage of nonnative species upstream. In Hawai‘i, it is assumed that nonnative species are unable to pass waterfall barriers, yet they are present above some waterfalls, possibly facilitated by human introduction. In this study, we used a landscape approach to identify likely human introductions and examine the ability of nonnative stream fauna to bypass waterfalls. We identified the human activities associated with the high likelihood of species introduction. We found that when a local catchment has a population density >4.24 people/km2 or road length density is >0.01 km/km2, the presence of nonnative species in the stream is likely a result of human introduction. After filtering human facilitated introduction, we also assessed the potential waterfall climbing ability of 14 nonnative taxa. We found that 12 out of the 14 taxa were absent upstream of waterfalls, indicative of their inability to traverse waterfalls. Only two species, Tahitian prawn (also known as monkey river shrimp) <i>Macrobrachium lar </i>and American bullfrog <i>Rana catesbiana</i>, seem able to pass waterfalls. This study highlights the role that people play in facilitating species introductions in otherwise inaccessible habitats. Without human interference, waterfalls can be considered effective barriers to nonnative species and can be instrumental in supporting nonnative species eradication and control strategies.

scholarly journals Proposed Model of Coast Guard Enhancing Maritime Security and Safety in the Republic of Slovenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-506
Author(s):  
Elen Twrdy ◽  
Andrej Androjna ◽  
Marko Pavliha
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Guard Model

In the modern world, the sea is one of the most important resources for the economy and welfare of the country that has access to it and so is the sense of security. Meeting today’s security challenges requires a wide spectrum of civil and military instruments. It calls for regular coordination, consultation and interaction among all actors involved, and it requires a national multifunctional Structure.The paper presents the search for new systematic forms to ensure adequate maritime security and safety at sea. Based on the research on successfully organized similar foreign institutions in relation to the national security institutions in the maritime domain the Coast Guard model of the Republic of Slovenia has been designed. The model could significantly improve the level of efficiency and consistency of national authorities in the area of control, security and safety of the territorial sea and rationalize expenditures. Implementing the proposed model and placing it in the national security and defence system, is a challenge and also a need.

scholarly journals Household Land Allocations and the Youth Land Access Nexus: Evidence from the Techiman Area of Ghana

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Kwaku Kidido ◽  
Monica Lengoiboni
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Access ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
And Control

Building inclusive societies that reflect the needs of all categories of people within the social spectrum is critical to achieving sustainable development. This is reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which among things seek to ‘by 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex. This places enormous tasks on all governments especially in developing countries like Ghana to ensure that the youth are not left behind in access and control over land as a building block for economic empowerment. This task is particularly critical in view of the sheer numbers of the youth and yet economically marginalized underpinned by high levels of unemployment and underemployment. This case study investigates the youth land rights within the context of household landholdings and allocations dynamics. The study took place in the Techiman area in Ghana. The study sampled 455 youth and 138 household heads. The study revealed that household lands are important building block for majority of the youth in the Techiman area. It gives them a sense of security in the usage. However, the youth’s ability to depend on this source to kick start independence economic life is beset with land scarcity, non-allocation and accumulation by the lineage heads who have prerogative over household lands. The study underscores the need for social welfare scheme for the aged farmers so that they can timely release land to the younger ones without fearing for what to sustain them. There is also the need for government to create land banks to support the willing youth to engage in agriculture.

Preparation for E-Learning

2003 ◽  
pp. 140-155
Author(s):  
Andrew Stein
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
First Year ◽  
Ict Literacy ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Primary Focus

University students require considerable computer literacy to enter and then succeed at their studies. Many courses, whether technology focused or not, are using advanced Web technology to deliver digital content via e-learning. This chapter explores the changing nature of information and communication technology (ICT) literacy of university students and explores whether gender and age factors affect student’s ICT literacy and Web usage. The primary focus of this chapter is to ascertain if transition or freshman students are prepared for the e-learning regimes they will encounter in higher education. Main findings show that there is a significant difference in how females and males use the Web and first-year (transition) students come to university with advanced ICT and Web literacy.

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