scholarly journals Axiological Component of Paroemias: Specificity and Role in Intercultural Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Irina V. Privalova
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Value System ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
Verbal Unit ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Behavioral Instruction

The article examines the axiological component of verbal units that comprise the paremiological funds in languages with different structure. The content of proverbs and sayings reflects cultural specificity along with the values adopted in a particular ethnic community. The analysis of 865 examples presented in the Russian, English, French and Latin languages has confirmed the hypothesis that the values of people are vividly reflected in paroemias. The author’s conception of “axiological component” has been clarified. Axiological component is understood as the value associated with the assessment included into the semantics of a paremiological unit. The semantic component of paroemias manifests itself in determining the value of an object or phenomenon in relation to other objects or phenomena. Also, it may reflect the work of categorization and classification mechanisms. The idea of axiological component correlation with the hierarchy of the value system (described by one of the founders of axiology H. Rickert) predetermines the novelty of this research. It is concluded that paroemias can be classified based on the content of the axiological component. The following groups have been singled out: behavioral instruction, basic life values, object assessment, subject assessment and assessment of the subject’s behavior. The didactics of paroemias can be expressed in explicit and implicit forms, but one way or another, it is present in every verbal unit. The value component is a serious obstacle in successful interaction; therefore, a projective analysis of the functioning of paroemias under the conditions of intercultural communication has been carried out.

scholarly journals Expression of Value System in the Samogitian Daily Discourse of the 2nd Half of the 20th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-162
Author(s):  
Jūratė Pajėdienė
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Per Se

The analysis of the material found in the sources of the Samogitian discourse of the second half of the 20th century, which builds upon the model of the categorization of values proposed by Viktor E. Frankl, makes it clear that the Samogitian daily discourse mainly focuses on creative values. Work is described as essential to everyone and making no harm to the human being. The person’s diligence is associated with one’s abilities, agility, understanding and trustworthiness, because many jobs require people’s collective action. Samogitians are convinced that diligence enables the person to live, to get rich and experience the meaning of life. Both personally and as a member of an ethnic community a Samogitian construes diligence as a quality giving an advantage over others and providing good grounds to brag. The possibility of subsistence and the quality of life are linked with work. However, excessive diligence is considered harmful, and therefore Samogitians advise not to forget common sense while working.The values which are based on experience and feeling are discussed far less commonly. In the sources of Samogitian discourse the expression of exper iential values is linked with joy and surprise about simple objects from the daily environment and the intention to draw the interlocutor’s attention towards them. Love is described as a universal feeling, but Samogitians are not prone to talk openly about it, unless they speak about the stories of their past.The person actualizes attitudinal values whenever he or she is confronted with the restrictions of life and reacts to the suffering sent by one’s fate. Samogitians are used to describe every person’s situation as resulting from the higher force or determined by one’s fate. The gift of life is described as meaningful per se and providing self-confidence.Hardships, troubles and pain are described as temporary conditions, which are easier to live through when one knows that it is always better to be alive than dead. Ethical values always require people to refuse certain temptations. Circumspection allows individuals to avoid deception in the form of abuse or flattery and to keep one’s dignity. The promotion of respect towards another and self-respect is based on the principle of equality by proposing not to treat others as you would not want them to treat you.The available sources of Samogitian discourse include a number of observations that the continuously improving conditions of life and work change people’s behaviour and values: an easier life changes people’s communication towards seclusion and alienation, reduces diligence and concern over the future, promotes effeminacy and lack of self-restraint expressed through the choice of a less virtuous lifestyle. According to interlocutors, the Samogitian language itself changes as well.

scholarly journals ZOOMORPHIC LEXIS AS A FRAGMENT OF THE CHINESE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (BASED ON CHINESE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-889
Author(s):  
Fatimabibi Daulet ◽  
Farida Orazakynkyzy ◽  
Saule Anuar ◽  
Ashimbay Nurkassym ◽  
Zhanat Zeinolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
Lexical Structure ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Linguistic Material ◽  
Empirical Material

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the ethnocultural features of the functioning of Chinese phraseological units with zoomorphic components by describing their lingo cultural properties. The Chinese phraseological units with a zoomorphic component from the liuchu (六畜) group — six domestic animals, whose images occupy a special place in Chinese linguoculturology — were used as linguistic material. Methodology: In order to describe the internal form of zoomorphisms, the authors used the following methods: semantic identification, providing the possibility to identify individual phraseological meaning with the lexical structure; cognitive interpretation, which is involved in the "decoding" of cultural codes enclosed in phraseological units; The etymological approach is used to determine the primary sources of zoomorphisms, which are figurative dominants of the studied phraseological units. Main Findings: The authors found that zoonyms as animal names are anthropocentrically oriented and have connotative properties, acting as a means of secondary nomination, they represent an ethnospecific worldview. The authors determined that the ethno specific features of the considered phraseological units are due to the specificity of the linguistic system of the Chinese language, as well as the specifics of the influence of animals on the life of the Chinese ethnos. Applications: The collected empirical material can be used in classes in linguoculturology and intercultural communication; it can be used while writing textbooks, methodological manuals; to create thesauri, phraseological dictionaries, as well as to clarify the national-cultural specificity and functioning of zoononyms in the linguistic worldview. Novelty/Originality: The scientific novelty of the work is due to the insufficient study Chinese phraseological units with the zoonym component. The work makes a certain contribution to solving the problem of the functioning of zoononyms in phraseological units, in particular, the study made it possible to trace the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as geographical and biological, as well as globalization processes.

Metaphors: Sources for intercultural misunderstanding?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Musolff
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The State ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
False Friend

Over the last two decades, questions of languages’ cultural specificity, diversity, and of linguistic universalism versus relativism, have increasingly been applied to the study of metaphor in analyses that take data from a wide range of languages into account. After reviewing existing research on cross-cultural metaphor variation, this paper focuses on the phenomenon of ‘false-friend metaphors,’ i.e., seemingly identical mappings which reveal hidden culture-specific differences when used in intercultural communication and in contrastive analysis. Examples of this phenomenon are drawn (1) from interpretations tasks concerning the metaphor THE STATE IS A (HUMAN) BODY, and (2) from cross-cultural research on the concept of SOCIAL FACE. In conclusion, a preliminary categorization of types of metaphor-induced intercultural misunderstanding is proposed.

scholarly journals Eksistensi Seni Pertunjukan Peresean pada Masyarakat Sasak Lombok

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Solikatun Solikatun ◽  
Lalu Wirasapta Karyadi ◽  
Ika Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Performance Art ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Traditional Performance

Culture is the product of human creation, feeling, and will. Culture isnow shifting, for example, the shift of peresean tradition in Lomboksasak community. Through this study, the author is expected to find outthe existence of peresean tradition and the meaning of pereseantradition to the community. This employed an explorative qualitativeresearch method. The research took place in Karek Village, Praya BaratDaya Sub District, Lombok Tengah Regency. The subject of research wasDarek villagers, in this case, taken using snowball sampling technique.The result of research showed that Peresean tradition is a traditional artof Sasak ethnic community in which two men are fighting against eachother (pepadu) using weapon made of rattan stick and shield. Inperesean tradition, there are rule and sanction in its implementation.Peresean performance is now conducted at certain times, e.g. on villageor regency anniversary day, wedding party, low-season, RI independenceday, or in guest welcoming event. Values contained in peresean traditionare life values including appreciating fraternity, friendship, economy,kinship, belief, culture, and art value. Meanwhile, the meaning ofperesean tradition includes a means of showing off man’s bravery,agility, and sturdiness, martial art, sportsmanship spirit, selfappreciation,establishing good relationship, and friendship. So,peresean traditional performance art in Sasak Lombok ethniccommunity has shifted viewed from its rule, meaning, andimplementation time aspects.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of social and political views of Russian and American youth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay P. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Value System ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Values

The generation of adults aged 18 to 35 is gaining popularity in Russia and America. They are often referred to as Millennials or post-Millennials and have been greatly influenced by the computer boom and electronic gadgets, Internet and social media.  This digital environment has significantly changed their information consumption, interests, forms of communication with peers and the outside world. Teachers, psychologists and sociologists believe that their psychology and life values ​​have also changed, which brings them closer to their peers around the world than to the older generations in their country. If so, then we should expect changes in the nature of relations between countries (especially when these generations come to power) and a decline in conflict around the world, if new leaders are able to better understand each other sharing common values. The paper provides a comparative analysis of social and political views of younger generations in the United States and Russia. The analysis reveals both numerous common features of their social psychology and value system and differences inherited from the traditions of political culture in their countries, modes of socialization, and stereotypes of thinking.

scholarly journals Model Komunikasi Antarbudaya Etnik Madura dan Etnik Melayu

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminullah Aminullah ◽  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Sigit Tripambudi
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Document Review

This study aims to determine the model of intercultural communication and intercultural communication barriers between Madurese and Malays in Roban, Singkawang West Kalimantan. It is research a qualitative research. Data were collected through observation, document review, and interviews. The result shows that the form of communication is mutual respect between cultures and ethnic customs that appreciates each other. Malay ethnic honors and respects customs of Madurese ethnic and vice versa. Inhibiting factors of intercultural communication are less Madurese can mingle with Malay community, lack of knowledge of Madurese ethnic tradition or custom of the Malay ethnic community, lack of desire to follow customs and traditions of local community as well as low frequency of interaction with community.

scholarly journals Orekhov–Palamonov test “The value of my own life”

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
A.N. Orekhov ◽  
I.Y. Palamonov
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Value System ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Psychological Influences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Internal Sources ◽  
The Individual

The presented test aims to assess the individual characteristics of the value system of a person and evaluates the determinants of formation and development of the value of his own life, which include: external, internal, depending on their own states and activities and other sources to increase the value of his own life. Testing allows to compare the dynamics of changes of the value of individual’s own life, in order to develop specialized psychological influences and evaluate their effectiveness for its increase. The test contains questions of two groups. Questions of the first group use verbal descriptions of life values. They aim at identifying the role of each of these values in the life of the subject. The second group questions aim at identifying the thoughts, emotions and actions, presumably measurable determinants of the value system of the individual. All questions aim at identifying the internal and external sides of individual psychological determinants of formation and development of the value of subject’s own life. Retest after specialized psychological influences showed changes in the sources to increase the value of subject’s own life. The method makes it possible to adjust the psychological impact, reinforcing the role of internal sources to increase the value of subject’s own life in the value structure of personality.

scholarly journals Modeling cultural and language environment as a factor of preparing specialists for intercultural communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
N. Е. Merkish
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Value System ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Multimedia Environment ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Communicative Space ◽  
Selection Of

 This article discusses the problem of modeling cultural and language environment in the preparation of specialists for intercultural communication. Intercultural communication presupposes that the interlocutors have the necessary amount of information about the specifics of the culture in contact, mentality, value system, traditions, peculiarities of the interlocutor’s speech and non-speech behavior. The simulated environment contains the necessary amount of information, the assimilation of which contributes to the success of international specialists in intercultural communication. The purpose of the article was to develop criteria for the selection of media materials, to determine the functions of a multimedia environment, as well as to identify the advantages and controversial aspects of its creation. In the course of the research, methods of analysis of scientific and theoretical sources, analysis and systematization of empirical experience were used. The article presents the concept of multimedia cultural and language environment, understood as a cultural and linguistic communicative space created for educational purposes with the help of multimedia, in which the perception of a foreign language speech and the culture it broadcasts is realized. Based on the goals of training international specialists, the following criteria for the selection of authentic media materials are being developed: compliance with the value attitudes of modern Russian society, compliance with the topic of educational programs, novelty of information, availability of language design of texts. The functions of the multimedia cultural and linguistic environment are educational, informational, diagnostic, motivational.

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