scholarly journals The Diversity of Major Insect Pests at Sugarcane Development Center In Dompu Distrcit, West Nusa Tenggara

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarjan ◽  
Muchlis Muchlis ◽  
Irwan Muthahanas
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Ceratovacuna Lanigera ◽  
Development Center ◽  
Descriptive Method

Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) is a tropical plant that is very important because it can be used as one of the raw materials for making sugar. The development of sugar production in the last ten years has decreased by around 1.8% per year, this is due to several factors, one of which is due to the attack of sugarcane insect pests. Therefore, research was conducted to find out the diversity of important insect pests in sugarcane plants in the center of sugarcane development in the Dompu  District. This research was conducted at the Pekat Sub District of Dompu District, West Nusa Tenggara. The method used is a descriptive method with data collection techniques directly and indirectly in the field at a number of observation points. Based on the observations there were 5 species of insect pests in the research area such as Valanga nigricornis, Locusta migratoria, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Scirchopaga nivella F., and Lepidiota stigma. Insect pests with the highest population and dominance are Ceratovacuna lanigera with an average population of 70 insect/plant and a domination index is  0 .199808. Locusta migratoria has a level of damage with criteria for moderate attack intensity, it is found in sugarcane plants aged 3 months. The results of this study indicate that Scirchopaga nivella F. and Lepidiota stigma F. insect pests have the potential as important pest insects on sugarcane crops

scholarly journals Potensi Pengembangan Tanaman Obat-Obatan Di Pekarangan Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Agroindustri Perkotaan

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Ratna Mustika Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract— The optimal use of yard is the best solution in providing added value for agro-industry products. One of the raw materials for agro-industry is medicinal plants. This study aims to determine the potential of medicinal plants planted in the yard and analyze the added value of medicinal plants grown in the yard into agro-industrial products. The method used is descriptive method that is applied in several regions that empower fruit, vegetable and medicinal plants as providers of agro-industrial raw materials, while the data analysis method uses the Value-Add Analysis method using the Hayami method (1987). After the research can be concluded as follows: (1) Identification of 15 types of medicinal plants, of which all types of medicinal plants can be used as agroindustry raw materials, namely Ginger, Turmeric, Sere, Pandan, Lengkuas, Aloe Vera, Kencur , Betel, Mustache cat, Tread Doro, Temu lawak, Temu Ireng, Kunci, Keji beling, Sambiroto. (2) Each research area has superior priority for the types of plants used as different raw materials, from the 3 highest priority sequences, namely: Ngawi Regency (Jahe, Kunyit, Sere), Magetan Regency (Ginger, Turmeric, Pandan) , Kabupaten Madiun (Ginger, Galangal, Turmeric), Madiun City (Ginger, Pandanus, Sere). (3) Processed products based on medicinal plants, namely Ginger into ginger syrup, are added value of Rp. 20250 - / kg, Turmeric plants become Jamu Kunyit in the amount of Rp. 19500 / kg, Pandanus plants become processed products of Pandan Dye amounting to Rp.46800 / kg. Keywords—: Medicinal Plants; Yard; Agroindustry.

scholarly journals Water stress indices for the sugarcane crop on different irrigated surfaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 925-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo G. Brunini ◽  
José E. P. Turco
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Water Stress Index

ABSTRACT Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a crop of vital importance to Brazil, in the production of sugar and ethanol, power generation and raw materials for various purposes. Strategic information such as topography and canopy temperature can provide management technologies accessible to farmers. The objective of this study was to determine water stress indices for sugarcane in irrigated areas, with different exposures and slopes. The daily water stress index of the plants and the water potential in the soil were evaluated and the production system was analyzed. The experiment was carried out in an “Experimental Watershed”, using six surfaces, two horizontal and the other ones with 20 and 40% North and South exposure slopes. Water stress level was determined by measuring the temperatures of the vegetation cover and the ambient air. Watering was carried out using a drip irrigation system. The results showed that water stress index of sugarcane varies according to exposure and slope of the terrain, while areas whose water stress index was above 5.0 oC had lower yield values.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN THE HYDROGEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS CAUSED BY WET-BASED CONSERVATION OF THE STYLSKYI QUARRY OPERATED BY “DOKUCHAEVSK FLUX AND DOLOMITE COMPLEX” PJSC USING MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Yu.F. Rudenko ◽  
V.M. Shestopalov ◽  
Iu.A. Negoda ◽  
O.V. Gural
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Hydrogeological Model ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Hydrogeological Parameters ◽  
Hydrogeological Conditions ◽  
Water Outflow

Extraction of minerals significantly affects the hydrogeological conditions of the environment. Active development of mining operations in the Donbas region determined the dominant influence of technogenic changes in geological environment on the formation of modern ecological conditions in the region. This applies not only to coal mining but also raw materials extraction (dolomites, limestone) for metallurgical plants mostly by quarrying. Recently, a significant environmental problem in the region has been the mines and quarries closure, envisaged by the program for restructuring the coal industry of Ukraine. Closure of mines or quarries through wet-based conservation is the least financially expensive, although it significantly increases the technogenic load on the natural environment. The object of research involved groundwater and surface water within the area of the Stylskyi and Skhidnyi (Vostochnyi) quarries of the “Dokuchaevsk flux-dolomite complex” PJSC, as well as Kipucha Krynytsa and Shevchenkivskyi water intake structures. The goal of research was to forecast changes in the hydrogeological conditions under the influence of wet-based conservation of the Stylskyi quarry. To achieve this goal, hydrogeological methods, mathematical modelling, and expert assessments were used. Consequently, a hydrogeological model of the research area was created, its functional correspondence to the natural-anthropogenic conditions was confirmed, and calculation hydrogeological parameters were specified. As a result, the forecast of changes in the hydrogeological conditions under the influence of wet-based conservation of the Stylskyi quarry was made. In particular, the following issues were determined: the dynamics of quarry flooding; the influence of this process on changes in water inflows to the Skhidnyi (Vostochnyi) quarry, Kipucha Krynytsa and Shevchenkivskyi water intake structures; possible flooding of settlements and swamping of the research area; changes in chemical composition and groundwater salinity; time of quarry draining at various intensity of water outflow to resume mineral production in case of need. We would like to emphasize that the forecasts made should be used when designing partial or full flooding of the Stylskyi quarry.

scholarly journals Challenges and Scopes of Pottery Industry

Pravaha ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Prakash Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
International Market ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Grain Storage ◽  
Pottery Industry ◽  
The People ◽  
Firing Pottery ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Large Vessels ◽  
Festive Occasion

Pottery is unique art of making artifacts from clay. It produces different kinds of clay and ceramics items such as flowerpots, water and grain storage jars, large vessels for distilling rice spirits called rakshi, cooking pots, tableware, stoneware cups, bowls, and plates, stoneware pitcher and mug, etc. This research aims to examine challenges faced by the pottery industries and to examine scopes of the pottery industries in Nepal. This research is based on the descriptive method. The results show that there is good scope in the this industry but the people involved in this industry are facing different kinds of challenges or problems like shortage of raw materials, manpower, and lack of space to dry the formed pottery, firing pottery, to store the finished goods along with the different raw materials. The sales of the product in the national and international markets are being increased. This industry is being affected by the change in lifestyle and different substitute products. The intermediaries get good profits but they face the problem of getting the products damaged, demand dependent on the festive occasion, problem of transportation, etc. Study shows that there is a huge demand for Nepali handmade ceramic products in the international market due to their improved quality. Buyers are willing to pay a premium for handmade goods, which are propelling exports. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, Page: 147-158

SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND OVIPOSITION RESPONSE OF THE CORN EARWORM, HELIOTHIS ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), ON OKRA IN VIRGINIA

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 1539-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Latheef ◽  
J. H. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Heliothis Zea ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Important Pest

Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a member of the Malvaceae. It is an important crop in the southern United States where vegetable production becomes precarious during the summer owing to extreme conditions of temperature and drought. Okra is grown in most southern home gardens and is consumed as a main dish vegetable or used in soups and gumbos.Because of its popularity and environmental adaptability, okra may have the potential for attracting fresh market premium prices for limited resource farm operations. However, little has been published on insect pests of okra in the United States. In an investigation at Petersburg, Virginia, during 1979 and 1980, we found that the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), was an important pest of okra.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the use and impact of germplasm in crop improvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S159 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Upadhyaya ◽  
S. L. Dwivedi ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
N. Lalitha ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Genetic Stocks ◽  
Beneficial Traits ◽  
Allelic Variations

Plant genetic resources are raw materials and their use in breeding is one of the most sustainable ways to conserve biodiversity. The ICRISAT has over 120,000 accessions of its five mandate crops and six small millets. The management and utilization of such large diversity are greatest challenges to germplasm curators and crop breeders. New sources of variations have been discovered using core and minicore collections developed at the ICRISAT. About 1.4 million seed samples have been distributed; some accessions with specific attributes have been requested more frequently. The advances in genomics have led researchers to dissect population structure and diversity and mine allelic variations associated with agronomically beneficial traits. Genome-wide association mapping in sorghum has revealed significant marker–trait associations for many agronomically beneficial traits. Wild relatives harbour genes for resistance to diseases and insect pests. Resistance to pod borer in chickpea and pigeonpea and resistance to rust and late leaf spot in groundnut have been successfully introgressed into a cultivated genetic background. Synthetics in groundnut are available to broaden the cultigen's gene pool. ICRISAT has notified the release of 266 varieties/cultivars, germplasm, and elite genetic stocks with unique traits, with some having a significant impact on breeding programs. Seventy-five germplasm lines have been directly released for cultivation in 39 countries.

Second Report on an Investigation into the Biological Control of West Indian Insect Pests

1935 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
British Guiana ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Windward Islands ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Specific Parasite

1. The report covers a period of 3½ years actually spent in the field.2. During this time 19 major pests have been studied, with special reference to their natural enemies and other limiting factors. The pests of sugar-cane have, however, received by far the most attention, partly because this is the most important crop throughout the region as a whole, and partly because the industry has made substantial financial contributions.3. Advice has been given, on request, to local Governments, planters' organisations and individual planters, and schemes have been drawn up for intensive local research on cane-borers, on froghopper and on mongoose. The researches of the two investigators of the cane-borer (Diatraea spp.), under grants from the Colonial Development Fund, have been supervised so far as their technical aspect is concerned.4. For the control of the small moth-borer (Diatraea) the most important pest of sugar-cane as a whole, the Cuba fly (Lixophaga) has been introduced (in collaboration with Mr. Box) into the Leeward and Windward Islands, and the Amazon fly (Metagonistylum) into British Guiana (in collaboration with Mr. Cleare). Both these very promising parasites, the second of which was discovered during the course of the investigation, are now widely established.5. A specific parasite is now needed for Diatraea canella in British Guiana and D. impersonatella in Trinidad. It is possible that experiments now in progress (in collaboration with Mr. Pickles and Mr. Cleare respectively) that Paratheresia will serve for the first and Metagonistylum for the second, but a highly specific parasite for D. canella remains greatly desirable.

scholarly journals Residual Toxicity of Imidacloprid to Hawthorn Lace Bug, Corythuca cydoniae, Feeding on Cotoneasters in Landscapes and Containers

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianna Szczepaniec ◽  
Michael J. Raupp
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
Residual Toxicity ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lace Bugs ◽  
Important Pest

Abstract Cotoneasters are important and valuable landscape plants. They are severely attacked by hawthorn lace bug (Corythuca cydoniae) in landscapes and nurseries. Imidacloprid has a wide range of activity against many kinds of insect pests. We were interested in determining if cotoneasters treated with soil applications of imidacloprid in landscapes and containers remained toxic to hawthorn lace bugs for more than one growing season. Cotoneasters planted in landscapes were less damaged by lace bugs in the year that imidacloprid was applied and in the following year. We suspect that residual toxicity of leaves of cotoneasters particularly to the nymphs of lace bugs as the cause. Cotoneasters grown in containers demonstrated toxicity to lace bugs for almost 800 days after the application of imidacloprid to the soil. These data greatly extend the known period of efficacy for imidacloprid in controlling hawthorn lace bug on cotoneasters. Clearly, lace bugs are controlled for a minimum of two years. By reducing the need for repetitive applications, a single application of imidacloprid can reduce time, labor and material costs associated with managing this important pest of cotoneasters.

scholarly journals BIOLOGI DAN TRANSFORMASI BELALANG KEMBARA LOCUSTA MIGRATORIA MANILENSIS MEYEN (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) PADA BEBERAPA TINGKAT KEPADATAN POPULASI DI LABORATORIUM

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Hamim Sudarsono ◽  
Rosma Hasibuan ◽  
Damayanti Buchori
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Migratory Locust ◽  
Green House ◽  
Cage Size ◽  
Locusta Migratoria Manilensis

Biology and Transformation of the Migratory Locust Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae) at Several Laboratory Population Density Levels.  The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is one of insect pests in Indonesia that undergoes a unique polymorphic biology.  The locust develops a transformation phase which is triggered mainly by high population density.  Its recent outbreaks in several regions of Indonesia cause major concern and control strategies must be developed to strengthen control efforts in the future. Its unique polymorphic phenomenon, therefore, must be investigated thoroughly for the basis of management of the outbreak.  Due to its agility and its long range flying ability, the most realistic technique to study behavioral and morphological change of the locust is in controlled condition at a laboratory or a green house facility. The experiment was aimed to study effects of colony densities on the biology and transformation process of the migratory locust.  More specifically, the experiment was to study effects of population density on the feeding activity, mortality rate, and the ratio of F/C and E/F of the migratory locust L. migratoria manilensis.  The population densities were simulated in colonies at 2, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 couples per cage (cage size: 45x45x90 cm) reared in a green house. Results of the experiment show that, in general, higher densities of the migratory locust colonies tended to feed more rigorously than those of the less dense colonies.  The locust remained in solitary phase at the density of 2-5 couples per cage whereas the transient phase occured at the density of 10-20 couples per cage.  The colonies transformed to gregarious stage when their densities were 30 couples per cage or higher.  Mortality percentage tended to be higher at colonies with higher density, especially for the third instar of the migratory locust. 

scholarly journals The Appropriate Calculation Cost of Goods Manufactured as Pricing Strategy for Small Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Popon Rabia Adawia ◽  
Aprilia Puspasari ◽  
Ayu Azizah ◽  
Asep Asep ◽  
Dede Mustomi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Variance Calculation ◽  
Supporting Materials ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research aims to identify all production costs incurred in production, to calculate the cost of goods manufactured correctly using the Process Costing Method and decision making for determining the selling price of shoes. The research was taken in one of small-sized enterprises shoe factory in East Karawang. The research method is descriptive comparative with a qualitative approach. The descriptive method is used to describe the production costs incurred in the production process including the raw materials costs, supporting materials costs, labor costs, and factory overhead costs. In this research, the data used are primary and secondary data. The COGM calculation results in show that there is variance calculation between company system and process costing method. It is due to calculations that companies do not identify production costs in detail, therefore the company’s COGM calculation is inaccurate. The COGM calculation appropriately can be the company’s strategy to determine the selling price. so that company profits can continue to increase.

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