scholarly journals Role of motivational interviewing in type 1 diabetes mellitus with sub optimal glycemic control.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erum Afzal ◽  
Waqas Imran Khan ◽  
Mohammad Khalid Iqbal ◽  
Sidra Anjum
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Good Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Children

Objective: To determine the role of motivational interviewing in better management of diabetes mellitus in children. Study Design: Observational Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Children Hospital & Institute of Child Health Multan. Period: November 2019 to May 2020. Material & Methods: Fifty-six poorly controlled follow up diabetic children of 8 to 15 years of both sexes, with HBA1c more than 10 %were included. Their social status, educational status whether studying or not was noted. All patients were advised subcutaneous Insulin according to weight. All children were counselled and motivated for self-care, problem identification and solution, and proper diabetic management by a team consisting of an endocrinologist, a dietitian, a psychologist and a nurse. Glycemic control was assessed using HbA1c, at 1st visit, 3rd and 6th month. A decline in HbA1c by ≥1% was considered for good control of DM, while ≤1% decrease was taken as poor control of DM. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Result: Out of 56 patients. 50%(n=28) were females and ,50%(n=28) were males.42.9 % (n=24) patients were age ranges between 8 to 11.5 years while 57.1%(n=32) more than 11.5 to 15 years, with mean age of 11.8±1.97 years  28.6% diabetic children belonged to lower, 57.1% middle while 14.3% upper socioeconomic status. 69.4%children were going to school while 27.6% were not studying. Good glycemic control was observed in 85.7% diabetic children which is statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Motivational interview proved to be a good tool for the better outcome of diabetic children, who need both knowledge and practical communication for their management regarding behavioral changes, lifestyle issues and self-management. It must be a part of diabetic management programs.

scholarly journals Assessment of Vitamin D3 Levels and Metabolic Profile in Pre-diabetic and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient of Kanpur City- A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Tripathi ◽  
Malvika Mishra ◽  
Kirti Amresh Gautam ◽  
Arisht Jain ◽  
Saurabh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hba1 C ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Objective: It has been explored that Vitamin D play role in various non-skeletal disorders including Diabetes Mellitus. The present study was designed with the aim to assess association among control, pre-diabetic and diabetic with vitamin D and association between lipid profile and vitamin D. Materials and Methods: A total of 109 subjects were recruited for the cross-sectional study including 37 as control, 41 pre-diabetic and 31 diabetic. A clinical examination was done for all the groups including fasting samples (12hrs) for lipid parameters, serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level and (HbA1/C). Results: It was found that in control subjects 37.9% have the sufficient vitamin D3 level whereas 17.1% subjects in pre-diabetic, 16.6% in diabetic with good glycemic control and no subject was found to have sufficient vitamin D3 level in diabetic with poor glycemic control. The mean vitamin D3 levels was highest in control i.e. -26.53±11.99 ng/ml followed by 20.23±4.12ng/ml in prediabetics,19.07±8.01ng/ml in diabetics with good glycemic control and 12.92±6.77ng/ml in diabetics with poor glycemic control. HBA1/c and serum vitamin D3level share a significant association (P-value< 0.01).Total cholesterol (P-value< 0.0), serum triglyceride (P-value< 0.01), serum LDL cholesterol (P-value< 0.01) and serum VLDL (P-value< 0.01) had inverse association with vitamin D levels. HDL cholesterol has no effect with vitamin D. Conclusion: The present study showed vitamin D3 deficiency as a risk factor for worsening glycemic control and dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reni Marlina ◽  
Ricke Loesnihari ◽  
Santi Syafril
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Urinary Glucose

The incidence of infection often occurs in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to hyperglycemia that causes dysfunction of chemotaxis, phagocytic activity, malfunction of neutrophils and glycosuria. It is followed by other complications that lead to the malfunction of the bladder. Highly urinary glucose level is an exellent medium for pathogenic microorganisms growth. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) is a risk factor for symptomatic urinary tract infection spontaneously or due to urinary catheters. This study aimed to analyze the association between the incidence of ASB of type 2 DM and glycemic control. The study was conducted during June-August 2016 with a cross-sectional method. Subjects were type 2 DM patients with age ≤60 years, who were treated in the Endocrinology Out-Patient Clinic of the Adam Malik Hospital. HbA1c was measured by Indiko automatic analyzer. Its association with urine culture results was analyzed. A total of 50 samples were enrolled, consisting of 25 females, and 25 males, with 19 having an exellent glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) and 31 with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%). Thirteen positive ASB were found, 5 with good glycemic control and 8 with poor glycemic control. Statistical analysis revealed a nonsignificant association between glycemic control and culture results (p = 1.000). Somers’d did not show a significant association between glycemic control and the incidence of ASB (p=0.968, d=-0.005). However, significant differences in culture results between gender, in which the ASB were found in samples of four females and two males (p=0.004). Somers’d revealed a significant association between culture results and gender (p=0.001; d=-0.360). Most of the bacteria found were Gram-negative. There was no significant association between glycemic control with an incidence of ASB. However, gender had significant differences in the incidence of ASB, which occurred more frequently in DM females than males. Urinalysis should be performed in patients with type 2 DM with ASB. However, further study was needed to analyze the relationship between glycemic control with the incidence of ASB and other factors that might affect the incidence of ASB.

scholarly journals The relationship between quality of self-monitoring and glycemic control in romanian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Bogdan Timar ◽  
Viorel Șerban ◽  
Alina Lăcătușu ◽  
Laura Barna ◽  
Florentina Fiera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives: Optimal glycemic control is mandatory in diabetic children andadolescents for the prevention of diabetes complications, but it is difficult to beobtained due to a series of factors, including the limited availability of blood glucoseself-monitoring tests. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationshipbetween the number of daily self-monitoring tests and quality of glycemic control.Material and method: We enrolled 783 individuals previously diagnosed with Type 1Diabetes Mellitus and investigated the significance of differences in HbA1c valuesbetween groups with distinct number of blood glucose measurements at home foreach age group. Results: We found significant improvements of glycemic controlwith the increase in the number of daily tests, with some particularities among thegroups. Conclusions: Among other intrinsic and external factors, blood glucose selfmonitoringhas an important role in obtaining a good glycemic control.

scholarly journals Lipid profile pattern in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Smita Gupta ◽  
Rajat Mangal ◽  
Ankit Grover
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipid Panel

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid as well as protein metabolism virtually affecting every organ in the human body. Dyslipidemia is a group of biochemical disorders, which is frequently seen in diabetic individuals. Dyslipidemia associated with diabetes has a major role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in diabetic patients visiting OPD of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly over a period of 6 months. A total of 320 patients were randomly selected for the study and divided into 2 groups depending on HbA1c levels.Results: BMI of controlled diabetics was 26.2±1.91 kg/m2 and of uncontrolled was 27.56±4.36 kg/m2 respectively with a statistically significant p value. Total Cholesterol levels in controlled group was 185.63±52.32 mg% and 217.83±61.33 mg% in uncontrolled group with a p value of 0.0005 which is highly significant. Same was seen in triglyceride and VLDL levels in controlled group which was 173.88±101.77 mg% and 31.5±12 mg% respectively and 203.33±83.7 mg% and 40.67±17.66 mg% in uncontrolled group respectively.Conclusions: The diabetic patients with poor glycemic control had statistically significant high values of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, VLDL levels and significant low HDL Levels. Good glycemic control can result in improvement in the lipid panel and the patients can be prevented from the high cardiovascular and neurological risk.

scholarly journals Peran Perawat sebagai Edukator terhadap Persepsi Sakit pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Kabupaten Jember

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Cindy Anggraeni ◽  
Nur Widayati ◽  
Jon Hafan Sutawardana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Illness Perception Questionnaire ◽  
Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire

ABSTRAKPasien dengan diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 akan menggambarkan penyakit yang dialami sesuai dengan apa yang ada dalam pikirannya untuk memahami masalah terkait. Persepsi sakit dapat ditingkatkan melalui pendidikan kesehatan oleh perawat tentang bagaimana mengelola penyakit dan manajemen perawatan diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa hubungan antara peran perawat sebagai edukator dengan persepsi sakit pada pasien DM tipe 2. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling penelitian ini adalah consecutive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 112 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner peran perawat sebagai edukator dan kuesioner Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman-rank dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara peran perawat sebagai edukator dengan persepsi sakit (p value: 0,001; r: -0,433). Tingkat korelasi sedang dan bersifat negatif yang berarti semakin tinggi nilai peran perawat sebagai edukator maka semakin rendah nilai persepsi sakit. Semakin baik peran perawat sebagai edukator, semakin positif persepsi pasien tentang penyakit, yang berarti semakin sedikit ancaman penyakit yang dirasakan oleh pasien. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa perawat harus dapat meningkatkan penyediaan pendidikan kesehatan untuk pasien dengan DM tipe 2 sehingga pasien dapat memiliki persepsi positif terhadap penyakit.   ABSTRACT Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus will describe their illness based on what is in their minds to understand related problems. Illness perception can be improved through health education by nurses about how to manage the illness and self-care management. This study aimed to analyze correlation between the role of nurse as educator and illness perception in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research applied an observational analytic design with cross sectional approach. A total of 112 respondents were obtained by using consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by administering questionnaires of Role of Nurse as Educator and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Data analysis was performed with Spearman-rank correlation test with significance level of 0,05. The result showed a significant correlation between the role of nurse as educator and illness perception (p value: 0,001; r: -0,433). The correlation was moderate and negative which means the higher the value of the role of nurse as educator, the lower the value of illness perception. The better the role of the nurse as educator, the more positive the patient’s perception about the illness, which means the less threatening the illness is perceived by the patients. This study indicates that nurses should be able to improve the provision of health education to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus so that patients can have positive perceptions of the illness.

scholarly journals Identifying sustainable lifestyle strategies for maintaining good glycemic control: a validation of qualitative findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e002103
Author(s):  
Susan C Weller ◽  
Benjamin N Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional

IntroductionDiabetes self-care practices are less effective outside of controlled research settings, and almost half of patients do not achieve good glycemic control. Qualitative studies suggest some lifestyle strategies may be linked to good control, but those strategies have not been validated. This study provides population-based evidence that dietary strategies identified in qualitative studies are associated with glycemic control in US patients with diabetes.Research design and methodsIn a cross-sectional sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), qualitative self-management themes were matched to survey questions and used to predict good glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c <7.0% (53 mmol/mol)). Patients were limited to those 50 years of age and older with a diagnosis of diabetes for at least 1 year (N=465).ResultsPatients averaged 65 years of age with a body mass index of 32.56 kg/m2 and 42% reported no physical activity. In logistic regression models controlling for sociodemographic and medical history variables, self-monitoring of blood glucose, weight loss, and physical activity were not significantly associated with glycemic control. Instead, dietary practices such as consuming low-calorie foods (OR=4.05, 95% CI 1.64 to 10.01), eating less fat (OR=2.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.47), and reducing sodium (OR=1.94, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.17) were significantly associated with good glycemic control, as was diabetes education or consultation with a dietitian (OR=3.48, 95% CI 1.28 to 9.45). Non-adherence to medications (OR=0.27, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.68) and general dietary descriptions, such as following a ‘diabetic diet’ (OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.57) and ‘changing eating habits for weight loss’ (OR=0.34, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.77), were associated with poorer glycemic control.ConclusionsThe NHANES validation of lifestyle management strategies suggests practices that may be sustainable. In a population that tends to be obese with low physical activity, successful self-care might emphasize specific dietary practices offering concrete touchpoints for patient communication and guidance. These strategies might help maintain glycemic control.

scholarly journals Glycemic Control and Knowledge among Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nosaiba Ahmed Hussein Abdelseed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Children

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term glycemic control by glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) and to assess knowledge about the diabetic regimen. The results of glycemic control in this study were compared with the results of a study conducted in 2018 that targeted almost a similar population. Study Design: A Cross-Sectional Study. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in October 2012 to December 2012 in a major referral Diabetic Centre. Diabetic children aged 8 to 18 years old who were attending the referral diabetic clinics were included in the study (n = 90). Knowledge of diabetes management was evaluated by using a semi-structured questionnaire and HbA1c results were obtained from medical records, available for only 71. Later, these Glycated Hemoglobin HbA1c results were compared with the results of a recent study carried out among Sudanese diabetic children and adolescents in 2018. Results: Out of 71 diabetic children 78.9% were of poor glycemic control with mean HbA1c 10.36±2.14. On the other hand, the majority had good knowledge about the diabetic treatment including insulin administration, its storage conditions, and also the effect of exercise on blood glucose. However, almost 18.8% of studied participants did not know hypoglycemia symptoms, and about 11% of these patients were unaware of hypoglycemia management. Conclusion: The study has indicated that a significant percentage of studied diabetic children and adolescents had poor glycemic control. Although children’s knowledge about insulin therapy was good, further study must be conducted to investigate factors related to glycemic control among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).  

scholarly journals LAMA MENDERITA DAN KONTROL GLIKEMIK BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENURUNAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
Syalfa Luthfira Nugroho ◽  
Wirawan Anggorotomo ◽  
Rakhmi Rafie
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Background : Diabetes Mellitus can cause the  risk of decline in cognitive function. Long suffering and ncontrolled glycemic control associated with chronic hyperglycemia that can change the function and microvascular structure of the central nervous system so that it can lead to decline of cognitive function.  Objective : This study aims to determine the relationship between the long-suffering and glycemic control with the decline of cognitive function in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the health center Sriwijaya Mataram Central Lampung  in 2021. Methods: This study used an analytical research design with cross sectional approach. The population used was all patients diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the health center Sriwijaya Mataram Central Lampung. The sample in this study amounted to 71 people who were taken with total sampling technique. Measuring instruments used were the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The statistical test used was Chi Square test. Results : There is a relationship between the long-suffering (p value 0.000) and glycemic control (p value 0.000) with a decrease in cognitive function in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion : There is a relationship between the long-suffering and glycemic control with the decline of cognitive function in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Suggestion can detect a decline in cognitive function so as to improve the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and education related to complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus is necessary. Keywords : Long-Suffering, Glycemic Control, Cognitive Function.          ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Diabetes Melitus dapat menyebabkan resiko penurunan fungsi kognitif. Lama menderita dan kontrol glikemik tidak terkontrol berkaitan dengan keadaan hiperglikemia kronik yang dapat mengubah fungsi serta struktur mikrovaskular pada sistem saraf pusat sehingga dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara lama menderita dan kontrol glikemik dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Sriwijaya Mataram Lampung Tengah tahun 2021.Metode  : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah semua pasien yang didiagnosis Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Sriwijaya Mataram Lampung Tengah. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 71 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara lama menderita (p value 0.000) dan kontrol glikemik (p value 0.000) dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2.Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan antara lama menderita dan kontrol glikemik dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2.Saran dapat mendeteksi penurunan fungsi kognitif sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 serta perlu dilakukan edukasi terkait dengan komplikasi Diabetes Melitus tipe 2. Kata Kunci : Lama Menderita, Kontrol Glikemik, Fungsi Kognitif. 

scholarly journals The Association of Adherence to Moringa, Plantains, Moringa-Plantain Combined Diets, and Other Plant-Based Dietary Patterns With Glycemic Control Among Persons With T2DM, a Hospital Based Cross Sectional Survey in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Be-Ikuu Dominic Doglikuu ◽  
Abdulai Abubakari ◽  
Mehdi Yaseri ◽  
Elham Shakibazadeh ◽  
Abolghassem Djazayery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk-factor for cardiovascular diseases. Plant-based dietary-patterns have been shown to positively impact the effects this cardiovascular risk-factor. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of adherence to moringa, plantains, moringa-plantain combined, and other plant based dietary-patterns with glycemic-control among persons with type-2-diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Facility-based cross-sectional-study was conducted among 530 T2DM patients in Ghana. Structured-questionnaires were used to collect demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables. Adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns were assessed with 24-hour dietary-recall questionnaire. SPSS version-22 was used in data analysis. BMI, HbA1c%, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly correlated with adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns (p-value &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, adherence to: Plantain diets, standardized regression coefficient &beta; (95%CI): -0.098 (-0.321, -0.022), Yam, &beta; (95%CI): 0.148 (0.066, 0.496), Moringa diets &beta; (95%CI): -0.095 (-0.325,-0.011) and Bean-diets &beta; (95%CI): -0.112 (-0.577-.007) were significantly associated with glycemic control. Also adherence to: Plantain-moriga combined diets &beta; (95%CI): -0.406 (-0.413, -0.049) and Plantain-beans combined diets &beta; (95%CI): -0.128 (-0.188, -0.038) were significantly associated with glycemic control. Adherence to Plantain, Yam, Beans, Plantain-moriga combined diets, and Plantain-beans combined diets could be associated with glycemic control. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Adherence, Moringa, Plantain, Glycemic control, Ghana.

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