scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF HAEMATOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF PEKIN DUCK BLOOD DURING ADMINISTRATION OF ORGANIC SELENIUM PREPARATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Ye. O. Anisimova ◽  
V. V. Pronin ◽  
L. V. Kletikova ◽  
N. N. Yakimenko

Age-related dynamics of hematological and functional parameters of Pekin duck blood during administration of organic selenium preparation DAFS-25k (at a 1.3 mg/kg dose) was presented. In order to study morphological parameters from the age of one day old to 120 days old blood was collected from axillary vein of birds prior to feeding each 15 days in the morning. To assess hematological parameters RBC and WBC count was performed, hemoglobin contents and hematocrit value were determined and color index of blood was calculated. The experiment demonstrated gradual increase in these parameters in the experimental and control groups. Birds from the experimental group demonstrated higher parameters than those of the control group. It was determined that hemoglobin contents was 9.86% higher in the experimental group in comparison with the control group due to selenium administration. The blood color index in this group was also higher (р ≤ 0.05). Biochemical blood analysis included the following parameters: total protein, albumin, uric acid, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, ALT and AST transaminase. The test results showed that during all age periods total protein and albumin contents in ducks of the experimental group exceeded those of the control group. The selenium-containing preparation had a positive influence on the carbohydrate metabolism ensuring high level of metabolic processes in birds, contributed to optimal calcium to phosphorus ratio which positively influenced mineral metabolism and development of the locomotor system. Obtained AST and ALT values in both groups are not beyond reference values which indirectly confirms absence of toxic effect on ducks’ organism if selenium is administered at the specified doses. It was determined that DAFS-25k has not affected hematological and functional parameters of Pekin duck blood and it contributed to mineral metabolism correction, reduction of stress factor effect within critical periods of development and improvement of the excretory system function.

Author(s):  
D. Skafar ◽  
D. Shumeyko

Purpose: to study the effect of ethanol on the parameters of THC, the percentage of granulocytes and total protein in the hemolymph of the Red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus).Materials and methods. The object of this experiment was 26 males of the Australian red-clawed crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) weighing from 23 to 83 g. The individuals were evenly divided into two experimental groups - with an injection of ethanol and a control group without an injection of 13 crayfish for each group. The injection dose was 2515 mg per 100 g of body weight. A day after the introduction of ethanol, hemolymph was taken with a syringe from the ventral sinus, the syringe was pre-washed with a 4% EDTA-Na2 solution. Three parameters were determined: the total hemocyte count (THC), percent granulocytes and percent total protein content. Counting of hemocytes and determination of granulocytes were performed in a Goryaev chamber under a light microscope. The total protein was determined by the refractometric method.Results. Differences in THC and total protein between the groups were statistically unreliable (p>0,05). THC in the experimental group is 36% more than in the control group. The total protein after the introduction of ethanol actually increased by 0,7%, and relatively by 14%. There were statistically different indicators of the proportion of granulocytes (p<0,05) - the average value of 33,1% in the experimental group versus 24,5% in the control group. A reliable (p<0,05) strong feedback was revealed between the total protein and the mass of individuals in both experimental groups, while in the experimental group there is a visible shift in the values of dependent hemolymph indicators towards an increase in smaller individuals.Conclusion. A single injection of ethyl alcohol with a dosage of 2515 mg per 100 g of body weight into the hemolymph of C. quadricarinatus does not cause significant changes in the THC and total protein after 24 hours. At the same time, the proportion of granulocytes actually increases by 9%, relative to 37%. This may indicate that granulocytes are involved in the formation of cancer defense mechanisms when exposed to toxic substances. The effect of different dosages of ethanol injections and the duration of its effect on hematological parameters requires additional consideration. It is necessary to investigate its effect on other indicators, such as the pH and buffer capacity of the hemolymph, the concentration of hemocyanin, glucose, lactates and calcium.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikulin ◽  
Aleksandra Mustafina

The aim of the study is to increase the productive qualities of broiler chickens by including ultrafine silicon oxide into main diet. During the experiment, the biological effect of ultrafine silicon oxide on broiler chickens was estab-lished. Use of ultrafine SiO2 particles for poultry feeding contributed to an increase in the number of red blood cells and content of total protein and albumins. By the end of the experiment, the number of red blood cells in birds in-creased by 17.43% (P≤0.001) – in the blood of birds of the first experimental group, 16.51% (P≤0.01) – the second one, 20.80% (P≤0.001) – the third experimental and 21.71% (P≤0.001) – the fourth experimental group, compared with the indicator of the control group. The amount of total protein in blood serum of chickens of the first and the second experimental groups increased by 1.36-1.39 %, in the third and fourth ones there was a significant (P≤0.05) increase by 5.45 and 3.05%, respectively. The blood glucose content of chickens in the experimental groups is higher by 8.04-23.65% compared to this indicator with ones in the control group. During the experiment feed con-sumption per 1 kg gain of live weight decreased: in the first experimental group by 3.00 % in the second by – 0.50 %, the third – 6.00 % the fourth– by 4.50 %, compared to this with the control group. The chicken’s vibrancy of the first the experimental group was higher by 4.77 %, the second – by 6.20 %, the third – by 19.25 % and the fourth– by 11.59% than in the control one. Consequently, when converting the feed energy into the body energy of a broiler chicken, the energy conversion coefficient of the experimental group of poultry is higher than that of the control one by 7.16-21.76 %. Thus, the most optimal dose for further research was determined.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwang-Jae Lee ◽  
Su Hyun Lee ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
Keehong Seo ◽  
Jusuk Lee ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Wearable types of gait-assist robots have been developed to provide additional advantages such as being easily transportable, producing a more natural gait pattern, and being simple to control. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive gait training with a newly developed wearable hip-assist robot on gait function and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in community-dwelling elderly adults. Methods: Total of 27 community-dwelling elderly adults with age-related problems completed in this intervention study (15 experimental group and 12 control group) . The experimental participants received an intensive gait training program with a total of 10 sessions involving five sessions of treadmill and five sessions of over-ground gait training with the wearable hip-assist robot. The control group received gait training without a wearable-hip assist robot. The primary outcomes were gait functions (spatio-temporal parameters and muscle effort). The secondary outcome was cardiopulmonary metabolic energy consumption. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements after intervention in spatio-temporal parameters (gait speed, cadence, and stride length) and reduced muscle efforts (trunk and lower extremity) with gait (p < 0.05). In addition, the reduction in oxygen consumption (ml/min/kg) was about 16.31% in the experimental group after intervention. Furthermore, the reduction in the aerobic energy expenditure measurement (Kcal/min) was about 17.36% in the experimental group after intensive gait training with wearable hip-assist robot. All cardiopulmonary metabolic energy consumption parameters in the experimental group were reduced significantly more than in the control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The intensive gait training with a wearable hip-assist robot was effective in improving gait function and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in community-dwelling elderly adults with age-related problems. Trial registration: NCT02843828, registration date: 07/14/2016 - retrospectively registered


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (100) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
S. О. Slobodian ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
D. F. Gufriy ◽  
P. S. Hnativ ◽  
S. D. Murska

In the conditions of modern technogenic pollution of the environment, environmental problems, improving the quality of livestock products and their food safety is an important and urgent issue today. Pollution of the environment with heavy metals due to man-made activities of the population has led to a number of problems of agricultural production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sodium selenite and feed additive “Metisevit plus” on the protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of rats in lead-cadmium intoxication. It was found that the level of total protein in the blood of rats exposed to cadmium and lead was reduced. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin levels and an increase in globulin levels. Thus, hypoproteinemia resulting from cadmium and lead poisoning may indicate impaired hepatic protein synthesis. Transamination enzymes play a major role in the relationship between protein and carbohydrate metabolism, which is important for switching the oxidation of energy substrates from glucose to amino acid energy nutrition, which is extremely important under the influence of various environmental factors. The most active transaminases are aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. In the study of the activity of aminotransferases in the serum of rats treated with lead acetate and cadmium chloride, an increase in the activity of enzymes in all periods of the study. The highest activity of aminotransferases was on days 21 and 28 of the experiment in the control group of rats, which carried out the combined load of cadmium and lead. Thus, the load of the body of animals with cadmium and lead contributes to the violation of the functional state and protein-synthesizing function of the liver of animals of the experimental groups. With the introduction of sodium selenite into the body of rats, the activity of ALT and AST in the serum of the first experimental group was slightly reduced compared with the control group. However, the activity of these enzymes did not reach physiological values. When setting the feed additive “Metisevit plus” throughout the experiment, it was found that the activity of aminotransferases in the serum of rats of the second experimental group ranged within physiological values. This is due to the hepatoprotective effect of the components of the feed additive “Metisevit Plus”. In the study of protein-synthesizing function of rat liver in experimental lead-cadmium toxicosis, it was found that after application to rats of the first experimental group of sodium selenite on days 14, 21 and 28, the level of total protein in serum gradually increased, but did not reach physiological values. Using the feed supplement “Metisevit plus” rats of the second experimental group, found a slightly higher level of total protein in their blood, which on the 28th day of the experiment reached physiological values and, accordingly, amounted to 66.8 ± 1.99 g/l. It should be noted that when administering the feed additive “Metisevit plus” protein-synthesizing liver function and liver function of rats of the second experimental group were restored faster than when administering sodium selenite to the first experimental group.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
D. V. Frejuk ◽  
V. V. Stybel

Cattle fasciolosis is quite widespread in the world, including in Ukraine. Animal blood proteins, being in close functional connection with proteins of various tissues, reflect the changes that occur in the tissues and organs of the body during disorders of their metabolic processes caused by pathological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of total protein and its fractions in the blood of cows in experimental fasciolosis. 12 cows of 4–5 years of age, black-spotted breed, were selected for experiment, out of which 2 groups were formed, six animals in each. Animals in the control group were clinically healthy. Animals of the experimental group were experimentally infected with adolescents. During the research, the rules of compulsory experiments were followed - selection and keeping of analogue animals in groups. The cows' diet was balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals. In the study of protein-sensitizing function of the liver of cows, it was found that during fasciolosis invasion, the content of total protein decreased by 13.8 %. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin and an increase in globulins. Thus, in fasciological invasion of cows, the level of albumin in the serum decreased by 24.4 %, and the level of globulins increased by 7.9 %. The value of the albumin / globulin ratio in the blood of infested cows with the causative agent of fasciolosis is quite indicative. It was found that the albumin-globulin ratio in the blood of cows of the experimental group was probably lower compared to the control group of animals. This value of the coefficient, of course, indicates the suppression of protein-synthesizing function of the liver in these periods of research. In the future it is planned to investigate the functional state of the liver of cows with experimental fasciolosis.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Chеrniy ◽  
E.V. Matsenko ◽  
Yu.A. Shchepetilnikov ◽  
Yu. V. Maslak ◽  
O.S. Machula ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplement «Press-Acid» on some parameters of mineral and protein metabolism and resistance of piglets. The study was done in condition «Meta» on two groups of piglets of the F-1 (BWхL) genotype. There were determined indexes of bacterial and lysocim activity of blood serum, calcium and phosphorus in piglets at the age of 21–30–45–75 days. Effect of supplement on the growth rate, morbidity and safety of pigs were revealed. We used hygienic, zootechnical, hematological, biochemical, immunological and statistical methods of analysis. The influence of «Press-Acid», which consist of formic, lactic, citric and fumaric acids, was established for the first time. The concentration of calcium in blood serum of experimental group of piglets were lower than in animals of control group. The level of phosphorus increased in blood serum of experimental animals on 11.83% (30 day), on 3.74% (45%), on 17.65% (75 day) respectively. Concentration of hemoglobin and the amount of erythrocytes increased on 11.8% and on 1.82% (30 day) in animals that feed the supplement. There were established the increase of viability of the pigs with gastro-intestinal diseases which were given the supplement in comparison with that, who did not feed it. Severity of diseases was determined using the Melenberg coefficient which did not higher than 1.2–2.4 score, it was lower on 6,0–9,3 unit than in control group. Using the supplement allowed to increase the intensity of growth of piglets by 3.7% (45 day) and 9.4% (75 day) respectively. Concentration of total protein, albumines and globulins increased on 8.66%, 9.90%, 7.3% respectively. The activity of alaninaminotransphaerasae in the blood serum of experimental animals were lower on 3.45% than in control piglets. Lysocym and bacterial activity of blood serum were higher in experimental group of piglets. Feeding piglets with addition supplement Press Acid promotes higher grow rates in experimental animals, that can be explained increases of oxidative-reducing processes in them organism. Feeding piglets with acidifier «Press-Acid», «Nifulin», zinc oxide, probiotics «Lactisan Complex» promotes growth energy, increase of morphological, biochemical and immunological parameters which indicates a higher level of oxidative reaction in the body. A low coefficient of Melenberg is recorded in the piglets at the age of 1 day. Safety was within 92.1–97.0%. That indicates a more successful elimination of complexes of protein, mineral substances, humoral protection in blood of experimental group of animals.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
M. A. Rybalka ◽  
L. M. Stepchenko ◽  
O. O. Shuleshko ◽  
L. V. Zhorina

Humic acids are characterized by chelating properties due to which they are able to influence the mineral metabolism in animals. Rabbits have species-specific characteristics of mineral metabolism, which distinguishes them from most species of mammals. For the experiment, 16 rabbits of 45-day-old of Hyplus breed were divided into the experimental and control group of 8 rabbits in each. The animals were 15 days in the preparatory period. The rabbits of the experimental group received humic acid additive individually with water in the amount of 5 mg/kg, the rabbits of the control group received pure water in the same amount. The ability of humic acid additive to increase the content of calcium, ionized calcium, iron, to correct the content of copper and zinc, and also to increase the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum of rabbits of the experimental group has been proved. We observed the early effect of the humic acid additive on increasing the content of iron and calcium ionized and a later effect on the activity of alkaline phosphatase and an increase in the content of copper in the blood serum. The influence of humic acid additive on the distribution of calcium, phosphorus, manganese, copper and zinc in bone tissue is determined. According to a histological study, there was a significant increase in the number of layers of osteons and osteoblasts in the bone tissue of the femur, an increase in the number of osteons and osteoblasts in the bone tissue of the sternum and an increase in the number of columns of chondrocytes and an increase in the number of chondrocytes in the column in the cartilaginous tissue of the sternum. The results of a histological study of bone tissue, together with an increase in structural macroelements in it and redistribution of osteotropic trace elements in the blood and bone tissue suggest the possibility of using a humic acid additive to intensify the growth and mineralization of bone tissue, which can improve the state of bone tissue of rabbits in the postnatal period ontogenesis.


Author(s):  
A. Melnyk ◽  
V. Bezukh ◽  
O. Dubin ◽  
V. Moskalenko ◽  
N. Vovkotrub ◽  
...  

In Ukrainian veterinary medicine the study of the eff ectiveness of new complex drugs remains relevant. The eff ect of the vitamin-mineral complex "Alphabet for Animals" on the state of hemocytopoiesis and the microelements metabolism in calves of 1.5‒2.5 months of age were studied. The composition of this drug includes the biologically active substances: vitamins A, D3, E, B1, B3, B5, B6, B12, K3 and essential amino-acids: DL-methionine, L-lysine and arginine. It is used in farm animals and poultry for the normalization of hemocytopoiesis, the prevention and treatment of vitamins and trace elements metabolism’s disorders. In the fi rst week of drug administration, the number of erythrocytes in the experimental animals group has increased signifi cantly (p<0.05) and after its second feeding, the positive eff ect on erythrocytopoiesis in calves has became even greater (p<0.001), compared to the calves in control group. The level of hemoglobin in calves of experimental group also increased signifi cantly from the beginning of the drug to the end of the experiment, whereas in calves of the control group there was a tendency to decrease its level throughout the all experiment. The color index and erythrocyte saturation by hemoglobin (MCH) at the fi rst and second blood samples were signifi cantly decreased (p<0.05) in control calves group, whereas in animals of experimental group there was no signifi cant diff erence between these parameters (p<0.1). The average volume of red blood cells did not diff er between control and test calves during the experiment (p<0.1). Under the drugs infl uence the Ferum blood content in calves of experimental group increased by 24.2 %. In the control calves group, this tendency was not so noticeable (the increase of Ferum serum level at the end of experiment was only +7.8 % (p<0.1), compared to the initial indices). The Zinc metabolism, on the contrary, has not undergone signifi cant changes. The Cuprum serum level in experimental calves group remained always signifi cantly higher than in control animals group. “Alphabet for Animals” has a positive eff ect on hemocytopoiesis in calves due to its complex composition (fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, aminoacids) and improves the metabolism of microelements, including Ferum and Cuprum. The infl uence on these processes the vitamins of B group, which are a part of this drug, we consider especially valuable in the conditions of the unformed rumen digestion in young cattle. Key words: vitamin-amino acid complex, erythrocytopoiesis, hypochromia, microcytosis, hemoglobin, color index, hematocrit.


2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bobcek ◽  
V. Kulísek ◽  
S. Pavlicová ◽  
J. Mrázová

Selenium is one of the most important mineral trace elements, its deficiency has marked effect to utility and health state of animals, and also to health state of humans. Incorporation of Se to muscle tissue depends on dietary level and on selenium form. When we use organic form of selenium, the increase of selenium concentration in muscles is linear. This is important for improvement of pork quality. We compared the influence of selenium (Se) in experimental group with control group of pigs in our experiment. Differences in body weight weren't statistically significant in both groups. The thickness of neck and thickness of spine part was higher in control group. The thickness of fat cells was higher in experimental group in both muscles (39,17 ?m, alternatively 36,35 ?m, P < 0,05). The presence of interstitial tissue in percentage was statistical significant and it was higher in experimental group (3,70 %, alternatively 3,41 %).The average thickness of muscular fibres in muscle triceps brachii /MTB/, muscle longissimus dorsi /MLD/ and muscle biceps femoris /MBF/ was significantlly higher at control group (P < 0,05). The average thickness of muscular fibres was dominant both groups. The lowest thickness of muscular fibres was in muscle triceps brachii.


Author(s):  
V. Sakara ◽  
A. Melnyk ◽  
F. Markhenkov

The results of the application of a complex of Zinc and Manganese chelates to protein, macro- and micro-mineral exchanges in the body of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross-breed are presented. The administration of Zn and Mn chelates in a dose of 0,2 ml/l for chicken broilers of 23 days of age (1st experimental group) during 14 days influenced the increase in the total protein content to 35,3±0,8 g/l, which is 8 % higher compared with the control – 32,5±0,7 g/l (p<0,01 ) The concentration of total Calcium in serum of broiler chickens 37-day-old (end of trial) was higher in the first experimental group by 7,3 % (2,05±0,06 mmol/l) compared to control – 1,9±0,03 mmol/l. In the second group, where chelates were administered in a dose of 0,4 ml/l of water, the Calcium content was 2,0±0,02 mmol/l, which is 5 % more than the control group. The two-week application of Zn and Mn chelates also led to an increase in the level of inorganic Phosphorus in the serum of the first group to 2,6±0,12 mmol/l (+ 11,5 %) compared with the control group. After administration of chelates Zn and Mn at doses of 0,2 ml/l water, the Zinc content was higher by 4,3% (23,5±0,2 μmol/l) compared to control – 22,5±0,34 μmol/l (p<0,01). In the second group, where the dose of chelates was 0,4 ml/l, the concentration of Zinc was 23,6±0,16 μmol/l, which is more than 4,6 % for control (p<0,01). At the end of the study, the content of Manganese in serum of broiler chickens in the first group was 1,9±0,07 μmol/l (p<0,05), which is 10,4% higher compared with the control – 1,7±0,06 μmol/l (3rd sampling). The level of this element in the second group was 2,0±0,08 μmol/l (p<0,01), which is higher by 16,7 % relative to the control. At the end of the experiment, the coupon concentration in the first and second experimental groups was 12,6 and 9,3 % higher, compared with control, 7,0±0,37 μmol/l. In turn, the serum Ferrum content of the first group was greater by 9,3 % (19,3±0,69 μmol/l), and the second by 6,7 % (18,8±0,47 μmol/l) compared to the bird of the control group. Key words: chicken broilers, chelates, Zinc, Manganese, Cuprom, Ferrum, metabolism.


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