scholarly journals Effect of ginger flour supplementation on fermented millet flour ‘ibyer’ anti-diabetic and biochemical properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 029-035
Author(s):  
MI Adakole ◽  
JK Ikya ◽  
AT Girgih ◽  
AF Ogori ◽  
V Upev
Keyword(s):  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Ginger Powder

A mucoso-respiratory highly contagious disease; COVID-19, has led to tremendous global health and economy damages. This virus could be dampened through home use of fermented bio food material. Fermented millet flour (ibyer) is an indigenous non-alcoholic gruel made from cereals either (maize, sorghum and millet). It is prepared by cooking reconstituted cereal flour or wet milled paste with water. In this study, fermented millet fl our supplemented with ginger powder blends were formulated in the ratio 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, 75:25 and 70:30 for the production of gruel. The blends were subjected to feeding trial experiment using wistar albino rat. Results analysis revealed that Serum cholesterol was less than 200 mg/dl. The fasting blood glucose was also within the recommended range (67.7 - 125.0 mg/dl). The biochemical parameters were within recommended range, total serum protein ranged from 5.82-7.06 g/L, Alanine aminotransferase ranged from 28.53 to 41.13 iu/L, Aspartate aminotransferase ranged from 28.50 to 48.66 iu/L. The albino rats showed slight increase in body weight throughout the experimental period, ranging from 78.67 -103.80 g. The experiment shows that the diet did not have any adverse effect on the experimental animals and were within the recommended range hence a good anti diabetic blend and has excellent biochemical profile properties for homes use.

scholarly journals Effect of Quail Egg Administration on Some Liver Function Related Parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Patrick E. ABA
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 5

There are a lot of testimonies on the therapeutic efficacies of quail egg on diabetics and on liver disorders. This study investigated synthetic and conjugatory states of the liver in diabetic rats administered varying concentrations of quail egg solution. Thirty (30) adult male albino Wistar rats were assigned to 5 groups of 6 rats each. Groups 2-5 of rats were injected with alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally at the dose of 160 mg/kg, while rats in group 1 served as normal control. Upon establishment of fasting blood glucose level above 126 mg/dl, the rats in groups 2-4 were administered 30, 15 and 7.5 mg/ml of quail egg solution respectively for 7 days. Rats in groups 1 and 5 received distilled water (10 ml/kg) each. All treatments were through the oral route. At the end of the 7 days duration of the study, blood samples for serum protein and bilirubin assays were collected. Results indicated that the quail egg administration to alloxanized rats did not alter total serum protein and albumin values, but improved significantly (p<0.5) the conjugated bilirubin values compared to that of the negative control group (group 5). It was concluded that administration of quail egg solution to alloxanized rats aided hepatic conjugatory ability with little or no effect on its synthetic function.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Activity of Melittin on Isoniazid and Rifampicin Induced Liver Damage in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Naji ◽  
Bushra Y. Al-Khatib ◽  
Nora Saif Al-Haj ◽  
Myrene R. D’souza
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antitubercular Drug ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Hematological Alterations

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of melittin, a major polypeptide in the venom of honeybee (Apis mellifera) on isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Method: The rats (140-200g) were divided into five groups (n=6): normal control (NC); toxic (T) group treated with INH+RIF (100 mg/kg, p.o.); melittin-treated (Mel15, Mel30) group (15 or 30 µg/kg s.c); and normal recovery (NR) group. Blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical, hematological and histopathological studies respectively.ResultsThe administration of melittin was found to prevent the antitubercular drug-induced alterations in the diagnostic markers; reduced glutathione (GSH), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total serum protein (TSP). Besides, hematological alterations were significantly high (P<0.0001) in Mel-treated groups when compared to the toxic control. The NR group exhibited lower levels of DB, TB, ALP, LDH and TSP. In addition, treatment with melittin offered protection in the NR group with respect to MDA levels.ConclusionEvidence from this study indicate that melittin is beneficial for the prevention of acute hepatic failure in antitubercular drug-induced hepatoxicity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of selected parameters of rat liver injury following repeated administration of oseltamivir for different periods

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Falah Muosa Kadhim Al-Rikabi
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vacuolar Degeneration ◽  
Hepatotoxic Effect ◽  
Serum Protein Level

The effects of oseltamivir administration, an anti influenza viruses A and B, on somefunctional parameters of rat liver were investigated, to evaluate the possible hepatotoxiceffect. Eighteen (18) wister male albino rats with body weight ranged 150-190 gm weredivided into three groups, the first group(T1) was treated orally with 1mg/kg.BW astherapeutic dose of Oseltamivir for 7consuctive days. The second group (T2) wastreated with the same dose for six weeks, while the control group dosed distill water.The results revealed, there was a significant increase in the onset of barbiturate sleepingtime and a significant p ≤ 0.05 decrease of the duration of barbiturate sleeping time ofthe T2 rats . The liver enzymes activity revealed a significant decrease in ALT in T1rats and significant increased p<0.05 in the T2 rats, while the AST activity showed onlysignificant increased p<0.05 in the T2 treated rats. The activity of ALP was p<0.05significantly increased in the rats of treated groups. The blood sugar was significantlydecreased p<0.05 only in the T2rats. Cholesterol level was significantly p<0.05increased in T2 treated rats, while the serum of both treated groups showed asignificantly increase p<0.05 in the triacylglycerol concentration.The HDL level was significantly decreased p<0.05 only in theT1 rats. The treated T2rats showed a significant decrease p<0.05 in the LDL, while the VLDL level revealed asignificant increase p<0.05.The total serum protein level was significantly increasedp<0.05 in the rats of T2. Liver histopathological lesions of the T1rats revealed largeamount of suppurative exudates, severe dilation and congestion of central veins andsinusoids with activation of kupffer cells. The liver of T2 rat showed multiple areas offocal necrosis, fibrous thickening of Glisson capsule with vacuolar degeneration ofhepatic parenchyma. In:conclusion, Oseltamivir has hepatotoxic effect in rats treatedwith therapeutic dose 1mg/ kg.BW. orally in different periods.

scholarly journals Beryllium Induced Biochemical Alterations in Rodent Model and its Treatment with Calcium Salt of Diethylene Triamine Penta Acetic Acid with α -tocopherol

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
A. K. Upadhyay and S. P. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Fall

To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of chelating agents tiron (Sodium-4,5- dihydroxy-1,3-benzene di-sulphonate) and CaNa3DTPA (Calcium tri-sodium di-ethylene tri-amine penta acetic acid) in presence of α-tocopherol against beryllium induced toxicity, adult female albino rats were exposed to beryllium nitrate for 28 days followed by therapy with tiron (471 mg/kg, ip) and CaNa3DTPA (35 mg/kg, ip) alone and in combination with α-tocopherol (25 mg/kg, po). Results revealed non-significant fall in hemoglobin and total serum protein content while significant fall in blood sugar level and activity of serum alkaline phosphatase. On the other hand, significant rise in the activity of serum transaminases and LDH was noticed after beryllium administration. Significant increase in total and esterified cholesterol was found in liver and kidney after toxicity. Significant increase in lipid peroxidation and decreased level of reduced glutathione in both the organs showed oxidative stress due to beryllium exposure. CaNa3DTPA showed moderate therapeutic efficacy; however, its effectiveness was enhanced with α-tocopherol to some extent. Tiron in combination with α-tocopherol exerted statistically more beneficial effects in reversal of beryllium induced biochemical alterations.

scholarly journals The winged bean (Psophocarpus palustris Desv.) in the treatment of kwashiorkor

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Černý ◽  
Hutton A. Addy
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Experimental Diet

1. A feeding trial with children suffering from kwashiorkor was conducted in which the winged bean (Psophocarpus palustris Desv.) was used as the major source of protein in the diet.2. Seventy-two children who had been admitted to hospital with moderate or severe kwashiorkor were included in the study. The experimental diet, prepared from a mixture of two parts of the winged beans and three parts of maize flour, enriched with a small amount of skim milk, was given to twelve children with moderate and twenty-four children with severe kwashiorkor. Equal numbers of children with similar clinical, somatometric and biochemical measurements received a control diet in which most of the protein was provided by skim milk. Both groups of children had a supplementary meal of ‘poto-poto’of negligible protein content, which supplied an extra 100–120 kJ per kg per d. The diets were introduced after the children had overcome the most acute phase of the illness during which a routine diet based on skim milk and calcium caseinate had been given. Both diets supplied 4 g protein and 435 kJ per kg body-weight and were given to the children, on the average, for 30 d.3. The experimental diet was well accepted and tolerated, and all children made good clinical progress. The rates of gain in weight were slightly less in the experimental groups than in the children who received the control diet. Although the differences were not statistically significant, they were more marked in children whose weights were between 61 and 75% of standard (classified as second degree kwashiorkor). With both diets, mean daily weight gains were significantly higher in children with severe kwashiorkor than in those with moderate kwashiorkor.4. The increase in total serum protein and the decrease in the amino acid ratio determined 2 weeks after admission were more marked in children given the control diet. At the end of the experimental period, however, the differences between the groups in these two measurements, as well as in values for haemoglobin concentration, protein fractions and the hydroxyproline index were no longer significant.5. The high nutritive value and the pleasant, sweet taste, even in the raw state, are the main advantages of the winged bean. These should outweigh the disadvantage that its skin is tough and more difficult to remove than that of the soya bean.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective activity of melittin on isoniazid- and rifampicin-induced liver injuries in male albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Mohammed Naji ◽  
Bushra Yahya Al-Khatib ◽  
Nora Saif Al-Haj ◽  
Myrene R. D’souza
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antitubercular Drug ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Liver Injuries ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Abstract Background The present study investigated the ameliorative effect of melittin, a major polypeptide in the venom of honeybee (Apis mellifera), on isoniazid-(INH) and rifampicin-(RIF) induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Method Thirty rats (140-200 g) were divided into five groups (n = 6): normal control (NC) received normal saline orally (NaCl, 0.9%; toxic (T) group received INH + RIF (each rat received 100 mg/kg, p.o.); melittin (Mel15, Mel30) groups (each rat received 15 or 30 μg/kg s.c); and normal recovery (NR) group received INH + RIF (each rat received 100 mg/kg, p.o.). Blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical, hematological and histopathological studies respectively. Results The administration of melittin was found to prevent the antitubercular drug-induced alterations in the diagnostic markers; reduced glutathione (GSH), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total serum protein (TSP). Besides, hematological alterations were significantly high in Mel groups when compared to the toxic group. The NR group exhibited lower levels of DB, TB, ALP, LDH and TSP. In addition, treatment with melittin offered protection in the NR group with respect to MDA levels. Conclusion Evidence from this study suggests that melittin is beneficial for the prevention of acute hepatic failure in antitubercular drug-induced hepatoxicity and could be used as a potential therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals In Vivo Comet Assay of Food Additives’ Combinations and their Effects on Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9170-9183
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
The Brain

Although the safety of food additives had been assessed individually, these permitted additives may be unsafe if used together; this study was piloted to assess the safety of various food additive mixtures. Fifty male Albino rats - Wistar strain (4 weeks old) were distributed into 10 groups, the first group orally administered distilled water, the other nine groups orally administered different mixtures of food additives at NOAEL dosage for each food additive for 30 days. Haemoglobin, malondialdehyde, kidney functions, activities of AST, ALT, and ALP. Levels of bilirubin, total protein, and albumin were also determined. Assessment of the genotoxic effect using in vivo alkaline comet assay was performed in the brain, liver, and kidney tissues. The results indicated significant Hb concentration reduction was recorded by all studied food additives’ combination compared to the control group. With the number of additives increases the Hb, total serum protein and albumin contents were significantly (p <0.05) decreased; in contrast, there was an increase in MDA, urea, creatinine, liver function enzyme activity, and bilirubin levels. Also, the examined food additives’ combinations exhibited genotoxic activities with different degrees compared to control rats in the brain, kidney, and liver, with the number of additives increases the genotoxic effect increased.

Investigation of Changes in Clinical Laboratory Tests Related to Aging and Smoking

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Spencer W. Burney ◽  
Kurt Enslein
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Male Veterans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Cohort ◽  
Current Cigarette

A multivariate discriminate analysis of laboratory variables collected over a period of three to five years for 502 healthy male veterans showed that 5 variables (fasting blood glucose, blood glucose two hours following ingestion of 100 gm. of glucose, total serum protein, hemoglobin, and cholesterol esters) were changing significantly in the 222 subjects who were over 50 years of age on entry into this study. It took the combined effect of fifteen variables to predict any age change in the subgroup of 280 subjects who were 25–49 at time of entry. A further subgrouping of current cigarette smokers and those who had never smoked showed no significant difference in the laboratory data in either age cohort.

scholarly journals HEPATOTOXIC EVALUATION OF WATER AND SALT FROM OKPOSI AND UBURU SALT LAKES, NIGERIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (66) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Iroha Akubugwo ◽  
Kingsley Nwanu Agbafor
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Salt Lakes ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Protein Levels

Evaluation of possible health implications of chronic consumption of salt and water from Okposi and Uburu salt lakes was carried out using adult male albino rats. The rats were placed in groups and orally administered I ml/kg of the raw lake water, semi-processed water or solution of 10% (W/V) of processed salt from the lakes for seven consecutive days. Physical activity, body mass changes, total serum protein, and transaminase activities were monitored and compared with those of control animals given equivalent volume of distilled water. Results showed that the raw (un-processed) lake water samples from both Okposi and Uburu salt lakes caused the greatest observed reduction in physical activities but elicited the highest serum transaminase activities, while the processed salt solution elicited the lower effects, when compared to control. The raw lake waters also caused the greatest reduction in the total serum protein levels (p<0.05) relative to the control. However, while the transaminase activities followed the order: raw lake water > semi-processed > processed salt solution, the order in the obtained reduction of weight and total serum protein is; raw lake water > processed salt solution > semi-processed lake water. These results suggest that the raw lake water is toxic and caused the greatest liver damage. Yet, the processing seems to improve the safety of the salt lake water. Processing methods aimed at reducing the possible adverse health effects should be employed.

scholarly journals Effect of Fermented Millet Flour Ibyer Supplemented with Ginger Powder on Hematological indices and Body Weight of Wister Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ogori Akama Friday ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Ginger Powder ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

In this study, fermented millet flour supplemented with ginger powder were formulated in the ratio 100% millet flour: 0% ginger flour, 95% millet flour:5% ginger flour, 90% millet flour:10% ginger flour, 85% millet flour:15% ginger flour, 80% millet flour:20% ginger flour, 75% millet flour: 25% ginger flour, and 70% millet flour:30% ginger flour respectively for the production of “Ibyer”. The blends were subjected to feeding trial using male wistar albino rats of 3 weeks old, weighing 100g to 130g obtained.

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