scholarly journals Proximity and Other Geographical Factors in Family Planning Clinic Utilization in Pakistan

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Green ◽  
Karol J. Krotki
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Family Planning Clinic ◽  
Primary Target ◽  
The Third ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Programme Planning

An understanding of the social and psychological forces effecting the use that people make of existing medical care and health facilities is essential to programme planning and administration. Yet, little is known about these forces as they operate in Pakistan and elsewhere with regard to the utilization of such specialized facilities or services as family planning clinics. This analysis of clinic records from the Karachi Family Planning Association (FPA)1 explores certain social forces in clinic utilization in terms of their geographical distribution in this urban area of Pakistan. In the last section of this paper we generalize the term "clinic" to include the wide variety of sources or centres of contraceptive supply provided in the Third Five Year Plan (such as village volunteers, dais1, and shopkeepers) and consider the implications of our findings in terms of this broader concept of clinic. One of the dilemmas faced by administrators of certain clinic-centred public health and family planning programmes is whether to place their clinics within or very near the residential area of the people for whom the service is mainly intended, or to place the clinic somewhat more distant from this primary target group. The main argument for proximity is that most potential clients or patients will not avail themselves of clinic services unless the services or facilities are

THE WORK OF THE ZEMSTVO SELF-GOVERNMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH CARE IN THE ТAURIDE PROVINCE IN THE FIRST DECADE OF ZEMSTVO ACTIVITY (1866-1875)

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Kirill G. Morgunov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Third ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire

During the period of liberal reforms of Emperor Alexander II in Russia in 1864, the zemstvo reform began, which was a continuation of the peasant reform of 1861. Zemstvo institutions were introduced in the country, in the Tauride province they appear two years later - in 1866, zemstvo institutions were in charge of local social and economic issues. One of the important issues that fell on the shoulders of the zemstvos was the issue of the development of medicine. Taking care of the people's health was not one of the mandatory zemstvo duties, but the growth of infectious diseases and the high mortality rate largely prompted the zemstvo authorities to promote the development of medical affairs. The work of the zemstvo bodies was especially difficult at the very beginning of the formation of zemstvo medicine, when the zemstvos had to raise to a new level everything that they had inherited in 1866. The first decade of zemstvo activity for the development of medical science is the subject of this study. The article deals with the regional features of the districts of the Tauride province and their importance in the development of public health in the region. The relevance and novelty of the study is added by the reflection of the influence of the social composition of the county zemstvo vowels on the modernization of the social sphere of the province. In conclusion, information is provided on the results achieved by local self-government bodies by the end of the third zemstvo triennial in relation to 1866. The results of the research provide information on the state of medical affairs of the Tauride province in 1875 in relation to the rest of the zemstvo provinces of the Russian Empire.

Why Did Decius and Valerian Proscribe Christianity?

1933 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Thomas Oborn
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
The Third ◽  
Roman World ◽  
The People ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Direct Explanation ◽  
Hard Times

Severe economic depression had the Roman world in its grip during the middle of the third century A. D.; a condition from which the Mediterranean countries never fully recovered. There is much evidence to show that the economic structure of the Empire was crumbling. Very soon the outlying territories of the Empire were overrun by barbarians, trade collapsed, and brigandage and piracy reappeared on a large scale. All of this was accompanied by a rapid rise in the prices of the commodities of life. To-day we look for the causes of economic depressions in intricate and far-reaching social forces. In the third century Romans of the old school had a much more simple and direct explanation. When the Empire fell on hard times and disaster stalked the corners there was only one cause: the gods who had given Rome her power and the Empire its prosperity in the years gone by were being neglected, foreign gods and oriental cults had usurped the religious fervor of the people, and the venerable gods of the Eternal City were angered. The remedy was likewise simple: revive and stimulate the worship of the ancient gods of Rome, thus appeasing their anger, and prosperity would return.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Kinerja Penyuluh Keluarga Berencana Kota Palembang dan Kota Prabumulih

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-701
Author(s):  
Lausa Isaberna ◽  
Sriati Sriati ◽  
Dadang Hikmah Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

In carrying out its role as a family planning instructor, the duties and functions of family planning instructors are also influenced by the people around them who can support their performance and hinder their performance. Family planning extension workers often interact with the community as program targets, either directly or indirectly. This research is intended to see how much influence the social environment has on the performance of family planning instructors. The research method used is quantitative. The data was collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for its validity and reliability. The population in this study were the Palembang and Prabumulih family planning instructors with a sample of 30 people and were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that the social environment has a significant and positive influence on the performance of the extension workers by 75 percent. This means that the better the social environment, the better the performance of the family planning instructors.

scholarly journals BREVES APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A INCIDÊNCIA VALORATIVA NA NOMOGÊNESE E SUBSUNÇÃO

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Fabiana Vergílio Souto ◽  
Ana Augusta Rodrigues Westin Ebaid
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Legislative Power ◽  
The People ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Data

The question of value, in relation to law, manifests itself in two distinct but equally relevant moments: the first, when the norm is produced (nomogenesis); The second, when it is applied (subsumption). The problem question also arises from two different angles: that of justice, supreme value in the legal sphere and that of legitimacy.The results obtained point to the realization that the social forces and all the immanent power of the people impels the Legislative Power, generating the necessity of effecting the nomogenesis, that corresponds to the social needs. And that, at a later moment, the ideology of the judge, conditioned by cultural data in the processes of socialization, guides the subsumption.In order to follow up and theoretical basis of the present research, the search for bibliographical material, more specifically written books, and the digital format, emphasizing the prestigious doctrines and authors was used as the main mechanism of investigation.

Émancipée Krzhechinskaya and Eudoxie Kukshina. A. Pleshcheev’s Vocation [Prizvanie] and I. Turgenev’s Fathers and Sons [Otsy i deti]

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-230
Author(s):  
V. M. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Multiple Level ◽  
Relevant Issue ◽  
Female Type ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fathers And Sons

The article considers the female type of an émancipée as a marker of artistic historism in A. Pleshcheev’s socially oriented story Vocation [Prizvanie] (1860) and I. Turgenev’s multiple-level novel Fathers and Sons [Otsy i deti] (1862). The author shows the typological and individual interpretations of female emancipation by the two peers. The article reveals how the progressive aspirations of ‘the young intelligentsia’, ‘the people of the 1860s’, are debased by incidental rituals and cultural staging, as epitomized in the émancipée characters of Krzhechinskaya and Kukshina. The author argues that both works approach the ‘women’s problem’ as a relevant issue in the social and cultural context of the 1860s, and analyze manifestations of mock progressiveness in the form of alternative cultural models of behavior, very typical of the collective practices among ‘imitators’ of ‘the new social forces’. Pleshcheev and Turgenev contrast genuinely new cultural modes of behaviour with ostentatious and mocking ‘cultural staging’.

scholarly journals Welcome to Whenever: Exploring Suspended Life in Cryopreservation Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 016224392110578
Author(s):  
Thomas Lemke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contemporary Life ◽  
The Future ◽  
Opening Up

Cryopreservation practices have become increasingly important within contemporary life sciences in recent decades, opening up the perspective of modifying and modulating temporal pathways and developmental cycles. Exploring the concept of “suspended life,” this article first focuses on temporal liminality as cryopreservation practices operate by extending the present. I rely on Niklas Luhmann’s account of time, which advances the idea of an enduring present bound to the principle of reversibility. The second part of this article engages with the emergence of cryobanks. Drawing on Martin Heidegger’s concept of the “standing-reserve” ( Bestand), I conceive of cryobanks as storing facilities that ensure the disposition of organic material. The third section discusses the advent of a “politics of suspension” based on the proliferation of cryogenic life in contemporary societies, which is defined by reversibility and disposition. The conclusion sums up the main argument and briefly points to the social and political repercussions of this mode of governing the future by prolonging the present.

scholarly journals Study of knowledge, attitude and practice of copper T as a method of contraception among antenatal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Richa Malhan ◽  
Jayati Nath ◽  
Anil K. Bhusan
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Family planning is defined by WHO as a way of thinking and living that is adopted voluntarily, upon the basis of knowledge, attitudes and responsible decisions by individuals and couples, in order to promote the health and welfare of family groups and thus contribute effectively to the social development of a country. The main objective was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding family planning and the practice of contraceptives among the antenatal women.Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional study was conducted in obstetrics and gynaecology department of SGT medical college, hospital and research institute over a period of 6 months. Convenient sampling was used to identify and interview 500 pregnant women, using a semi structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analysed with SPSSv21.Results: In our study, 74.2% participants have the knowledge about Cu-T as a method of contraception and 39% participants considered it a safe and economical method of contraception, 16.2% participants used PPIUCD and 40.2% considered it as unsafe method. Uses of PPIUCD was significantly associated with increasing age, illiteracy and non-working participants. Around one third participants were having uncertain attitude towards use of PPIUCD.Conclusions: In our study we observed that uses of PPIUCD is still lower side and there is a need to be motivate the people for effective and appropriate use of contraceptives when required and arrest the trend towards unwanted pregnancy. 

Migration as Class-based Consumption: The Emigration of the Rich in Contemporary China

2016 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 499-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracia Liu-Farrer
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The Third ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Media Reports

AbstractLabelled as the third wave of migration out of post-reform China, the recent emigration of wealthy Chinese has attracted worldwide attention. Although this form of mobility involves primarily the richest 0.1 per cent of the Chinese population, the high profile of the people who move and the amount of wealth implied have made it a sensational social phenomenon. Through interviews, participant observation and media reports, this paper searches for the social meanings of this trend of emigration. Journalists generally attribute the exodus of the rich to a desire to secure their wealth, an aspiration for a different education for their children, or concerns with air pollution and food safety. What this paper argues is that underneath these stated motivations, emigration is in fact a form of class-based consumption, a strategy for class reproduction, and a way to convert economic resources into social status and prestige. “Emigration” (yimin), a form of mobility that may not entail settling abroad, is a path created by wealthy Chinese striving to be among the global elite.

Pelaksanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Oleh BPJS Kesehatan Dalam Perspektif Syariah

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Iwan Subandi ◽  
Fathurrahman Djamil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Health Support ◽  
The Government

Health is the basic right for everybody, therefore every citizen is entitled to get the health care. In enforcing the regulation for Jaringan Kesehatan Nasional (National Health Supports), it is heavily influenced by the foreign interests. Economically, this program does not reduce the people’s burdens, on the contrary, it will increase them. This means the health supports in which should place the government as the guarantor of the public health, but the people themselves that should pay for the health care. In the realization of the health support the are elements against the Syariah principles. Indonesian Muslim Religious Leaders (MUI) only say that the BPJS Kesehatan (Sosial Support Institution for Health) does not conform with the syariah. The society is asked to register and continue the participation in the program of Social Supports Institution for Health. The best solution is to enforce the mechanism which is in accordance with the syariah principles. The establishment of BPJS based on syariah has to be carried out in cooperation from the elements of Social Supports Institution (BPJS), Indonesian Muslim Religious (MUI), Financial Institution Authorities, National Social Supports Council, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Finance. Accordingly, the Social Supports Institution for Helath (BPJS Kesehatan) based on syariah principles could be obtained and could became the solution of the polemics in the society.

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