scholarly journals Pattern of adverse events following immunization among recipients of first dose of ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine in a resource-limited country

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 006-012
Author(s):  
Azubuike Benjamin Nwako ◽  
Okechukwu Francis Nwako ◽  
Charles Emeka Nwolisa ◽  
Magaret-Lorritta Chidimma Nwako ◽  
Charles Nwaora Nwako
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resource Limited

Background/Aim: Vaccines are said to be associated with side effects. The aim of the study was to show the pattern and distribution of adverse events following immunization observed with ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine after the first dose. Methodology: The study design was cross-sectional descriptive study over four weeks. We included records of 6589 high risk recipients of the vaccine and 33 of them who reported adverse events following immunization. The study used secondary data from the covid-19 vaccination register and District Health Information system II. Result: Out of 6589 individuals vaccinated with the first dose of ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine, 69.66% were female, 69.49% were fifty-five years or less, 86.04% were health workers and 27.26% had comorbidity. Only 0.5% of those vaccinated reported adverse events following immunization out of which 0.41% was systemic, 0.06% local and 0.03% allergic reactions. The commonest systemic side effects were headache and dizziness while local adverse events had pain at injection site as the commonest side effect. Multiple swelling in the buttock and swelling of the face and lip were the only two cases of allergic reactions reported. Eighty-eight percent of those who reported side effects did so on the day of vaccination. Conclusion The study reported less adverse events with the first dose of ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Covid-19 vaccine than in other studies which included headache, dizziness and pain at the injection site. Most were reported in the first day of vaccination. There is need for encouraging vaccine recipients to report any adverse events following immunization.

CURRENT STATUS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SOME FACTORS RELATED TO ENOUGH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN DIABETES AT LONG HO DISTRICT HEALTH CENTER, VINH LONG PROVINCE IN 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luu Thi Phuong Thao ◽  
Nguyen Thi Dao
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: To determine the rate of physical activity and some associated factors between adequate physical activity and understanding, barriers, and support from family and friends in diabetic patients at the Long Ho district Health Center in Vinh Long province in 2021. Subjects and research methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis. The toolkit is based on the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) questionnaire and related research [9]. Results and discussions: Patients with incorrect knowledge about diabetes accounted for 53%, with sufficient physical activity 43.6%. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that there were relationship between sufficient physical activity and age (p<0.05), barriers including exercise taking a long time, remote locations, and a lack of facilities (p<0.05) and the patient was still confident in futures activities even when the weather was bad (OR = 0.486, p<0.05). The family and friends had not supported (OR= 0.317, p<0.05). Conclusions and recommendations: Patients need to sufficient physical activity as recommended with an average intensity of 150 minutes/week. It is necessary to update the knowledge of diabetes as well as the knowledge of sufficient physical activity from health workers, family and friends. Local governments should construct cultural houses and playgrounds to make it easier for patients to participate in activities.

scholarly journals The effect of community dialogues and sensitization on patient reporting of adverse events in rural Uganda: uncontrolled before-after study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Byomire Ndagije ◽  
Leonard Manirakiza ◽  
Dan Kajungu ◽  
Edward Galiwango ◽  
Donna Kusemererwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After

AbstractBackgroundThe patients that experience adverse events are in the best position to report them, only if they were empowered to do so. Systematic community engagement and support to patients in a rural setting to monitor any potential harm from medicines should provide evidence for patient safety.MethodsThis paper describes an uncontrolled before and after study aimed at assessing the effect of a community engagement strategy, the Community Dialogues and Sensitization (CDS) intervention between January and April 2017, on the knowledge, attitude and practice of reporting adverse drug events by community members in the two eastern Ugandan districts. A representative cross-sectional baseline household survey was done prior to the intervention in September 2016 (n=1034) and the end-line survey (n=827) in July 2017.ResultsAfter implementation of the CDS intervention, there was an overall 20% (95% CI=16- 25) increase in awareness about adverse drug events in the community. The young people (15- 24 years) demonstrated a 41% (95% CI =31-52) increase and the un-educated showed a 50% (95% CI=37-63) increase in awareness about adverse drug events. The attitudes towards reporting increased overall by 5% in response to whether there was a need to report ADEs (95% CI =3-7). An overall 115% (95% CI =137-217) increase in the population that had ever experienced ADEs was also reported.ConclusionOur evaluation shows that the CDS intervention increases knowledge, improves attitudes by catalyzing discussions among community members and health workers on health issues and monitoring safety of medicines.

scholarly journals The role of knowledge, attitudes, and health workers’ behavior in COVID19 pandemic preparedness at Aceh Pidie Jaya District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 205343452110616
Author(s):  
Budi Yanti ◽  
Nurdarlila Armita ◽  
Iskandar Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
District Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level 3

Introduction Health workers are at high risk of contracting the disease because they are at the forefront of assisting COVID19 patients. Globally, Indonesia has the worst death toll of health workers. Many previous studies have shown the differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of health workers in handling with the COVID19 pandemic. This study aims to asses the role of knowledge, attitudes, and health workers' preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic in Aceh Pidie Jaya District. Methods A cross-sectional study and the data were collected by distributing online questionnaires about knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and preparedness related to the COVID-19 at 12 Pidie Jaya District health centers. The knowledge, behavior, and preparedness parameters used Guttman and Likert scales to measure the workers' attitudes. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and preparedness. Results In this study, 377 health workers were selected, the majority of respondents' education level was diploma, level 3 (257, 76.3%), and one-third of the respondents did not attend training. There are 197 (58.5%) respondents who had good knowledge, 177 (52.5%) positive attitudes, 283 (84%) good behavior, and 173 (51, 3%) well prepared. Furthermore, good knowledge, positive attitude, and good behavior had a significant correlation statistically with well prepared during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Discussion Most of the health workers in Aceh Pidie Jaya have good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good behavior that create adequate preparedness. Even though training is still very limited, educational attainment would remain the cornerstone for preparedness to encounter COVID-19.

scholarly journals The Effect of Side Effects Tuberculosis Treatment in the Early Stage Towards Compliance with Tuberculosis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Joko Sapto Pramono ◽  
Nilam Noorma ◽  
Andi Lis Arming Gandini ◽  
Sopia Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Significant Difference

Pulmonary tuberculosis treatment causes various side effects including nausea and vomiting, itching, vision problems, and anemia. Drug side effects in the early stages are one of the causes of non-adherence to complete treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the side effects Tuberculosis treatment in the early stages on treatment compliance for tuberculosis patients. This study used a cross sectional design. Samples were taken as many as 71 respondents, the instruments used were side effects of early-stage tuberculosis treatment and compliance with tuberculosis treatment in tuberculosis patients from the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). The results of the study found 97.7% adherent and 2.3% non-adherent, 39.5% mild side effects and 60.5% severe side effects. Chi-square test showed that no significant difference between the side effects of TB treatment in the early stages of tuberculosis treatment compliance in patients p = 0.669 at significant level of 95% (α = 0.05). There was no effect between the side effects of Tuberculosis treatment in the early stages of treatment compliance for Tuberculosis patients. It was recommended that health workers continue to monitor the side effects of tuberculosis treatment and provide motivation to carry out treatment completely. Keywords: side effects; early stage; treatment; pulmonary tuberculosis; compliance

scholarly journals Assessment of Health Workers’ Knowledge, Beliefs, Attitudes, and Use of Personal Protective Equipment for Prevention of COVID-19 Infection in Low-Resource Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. A. Alao ◽  
A. O. Durodola ◽  
O. R. Ibrahim ◽  
O. A. Asinobi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Resource Limited

Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious disease with a potential for healthcare workers (HCWs) getting infected due to inadequate protection while attending to patients. Effective use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is key to mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare settings. Hence, there is a need to understand HCWs’ use of PPE in resource-limited settings and how closely the currently recommended guidelines for PPE are followed. This study assessed the HCWs’ knowledge about, attitudes towards, beliefs on, and use of PPE to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in a resource-limited setting. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 in Southwest and Northwest Nigeria. The selection of participants was performed via the snowball sampling technique using a 33-item, web-based, self-administered questionnaire via a social media network. We obtained relevant sociodemographic data and information on participants’ occupations and knowledge about, attitudes towards, beliefs on, and use of PPE. We analysed the data using SPSS version 23.0 for Windows (IBM, Armonk, New York, USA). A p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. A total of 290 subjects responded to the questionnaire, and 18 (6.2%) were excluded because of incomplete data. The mean age of the respondents was 32.3 ± 9.9 years. There were 116 males (42.6%). The majority of the respondents were medical doctors (114, 41.9%), followed by nurses and clinical students. Of the 272 respondents in this survey, only 70 (25.7%) had adequate knowledge about PPE. Of the respondents who presumed they had adequate knowledge about donning and doffing PPE, 94 (56%) were incorrect. The predictors of good knowledge were ages younger than 45 years (p=0.046) and practice location (p=0.009). Conclusion. This study showed that HCWs’ knowledge about, attitudes towards, and beliefs on PPE and their PPE skill in practice in Nigeria were remarkably poor. There is an urgent need for nationwide practical training on PPE use to curtail the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs.

scholarly journals The implementation of health istithaah to the pilgrims with tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study in Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Ibnu Mas'ud ◽  
Ujainah Zaini Nasir ◽  
Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo ◽  
Ikhwan Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb

BACKGROUND Based on the regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Health No. 15 of 2016 about health istithaah for the Hajj, patients with tuberculosis (TB) can be categorized into ineligible or temporarily ineligible pilgrims. This study aimed to know the characteristics of pilgrims with TB and determined their level of fitness for fulfilling the health istithaah. METHODS A cross-sectional study of pilgrims from Jakarta who were receiving TB treatment during the Hajj in 2018 was conducted with consecutive sampling. The secondary data was collected from the Hajj Integrated Computer Health System 2018, TB registered form, and six-minute walk test (the fitness level data) conducted by the District Hajj Health Team at district health centers in DKI Jakarta and Pondok Gede before the Hajj embarkation in June–July 2018. The questionnaire to the Indonesian Hajj Health Team during pilgrimage was also included as additional data. RESULTS Thirty-one pilgrims received TB treatment and completed the intensive phase of TB treatment, but 29 pilgrims had no symptoms. Among them, 2 patients had MDR-TB. Most of them were male aged ≥40 years old. Twelve pilgrims with TB have a sufficient fitness. All pilgrims were able to run the pillars of the Hajj. CONCLUSIONS Pilgrims with TB, including MDR-TB, who had completed the intensive phase with a negative sputum smear test were declared eligible for the Hajj with assistance.

Acceptance of Post-Placental Intrauterine Contraceptive Device in Denpasar

2016 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
N.M. Rai Widiastuti ◽  
N.L.P Suaryani ◽  
Mangku Karmaya
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Placental

Background and purpose: The Indonesian Demographic Health Survey of 2012 indicated that the prevalence of contraceptive use in Bali Province has decreased compared to 2007. In addition, the proportion of the use an intrauterine device (IUD) also continues to decline. To increase number of IUD acceptors is to promote post-placental intrauterine device (PPIUCD), however the acceptance remains low. This study aims to determine factors associated with acceptance of post-placental intrauterine device in Denpasar.Methods: Study was cross sectional with a total of 100 respondents selected by consecutive sampling. Respondents were mothers who had gave birth in January-February 2016 at Wangaya General Hospital and three health centers (Dauh Puri Sub Health Center, East Denpasar I and South Denpasar IV). Data were collected by interview in hospital and health center. Chi square test was conducted for bivariate analysis and multivariate using logistic regression.Results: Proportion of PPIUCD acceptance was 35%. Multivariate analysis indicated that PPIUCD acceptance was associated with perception of benefits (AOR=10.39; 95% CI: 2.792-38.56), perception of low side effects (AOR=5.288; 95%CI: 1.085-25.761), role of health workers (AOR=7.1; 95%CI: 1.781-28.60) and support of the husband (AOR=12.020; 95% CI=2.888-50.01).Conclusion: Variables associated with PPIUCD acceptance were perception of low side effects, perception of benefits, role of health workers and husband support.

scholarly journals Client Satisfaction with Delivery Care Service and Associated Factors in the Public Health Facilities of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southwest Ethiopia:In a Resource Limited Setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel Tesfaye ◽  
Amare Worku ◽  
Wanzahun Godana ◽  
Bernt Lindtjorn
Keyword(s):  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Gamo Gofa

Background. Ensuring patient satisfaction is an important means of secondary prevention of maternal mortality. This study presents findings from a multidimensional study of client satisfaction from the Gamo Gofa Zone in Southwest Ethiopia.Methods. A facility based cross-sectional study using exit interviews was conducted from 2014. Client satisfaction was measured using a survey adopted from the Donabedian quality assessment framework. Thirteen health institutions were randomly sampled of 66 institutions in Gamo Gofa Zone. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of client satisfaction.Results. The overall satisfaction level of the clients in this study was 79.1% with (95% CI; 75–82). Women attending health centres were more likely satisfied than women attending hospitals (χ2=83.7,df=12,P<0.001). The proportion of women who complained about an unfriendly attitude or unresentful care from health workers was higher in the hospitals (χ2=27.4,df=1,P<0.001). The presence of support persons during child birth improved client satisfaction (AOR = 6.23 95% CI; 2.75–14.1) and women who delivered with caesarean section are four times more likely satisfied than those who deliver vaginally (AOR 3.6 95% CI; 1.44–9.06). Client satisfaction was reduced if the women had to pay for the services (AOR = 0.27 95% CI; 0.09–81).Conclusions. The study shows that overall satisfaction level is good. More emphasis should be put on giving women friendly care, particularly at the hospitals.

scholarly journals Coverage and adequacy of ferrous sulfate supplementation in the prevention of anemia among children treated at health centers of Florianopolis, Santa Catarina

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francieli Cembranel ◽  
Arlete Catarina T. Corso ◽  
David Alejandro González-Chica
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the National Program of Iron Supplementation (PNSF) coverage, the compliance with the directions for of using of this supplementation and the association with sociodemographic factors in children aged six to 18 months old and registered in 35 public health centers of Florinópolis (Southern Brazil). METHODS Cross-sectional study using secondary data obtained from the health information system of the Health Department of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil (Infosaúde). Data on ferrous sulfate supplementation and sociodemographic variables were obtained of all children registered in PNSF in Florianópolis in 2010. STATA 11.0 software was used in the analyses. RESULTS The PNSF covered 6.3% (95%CI 5.9-6.7) of the children; the compliance with the directions regarding age at the onset of supplementation and its frequency was adequate only in 2.4% of the cases (95%CI 1.5-3.7). There was no association with the child's gender, maternal education level and ethnicity or the distance from home to the health center. CONCLUSIONS This study showed low coverage and inadequate compliance with the PNSF directions. Measures to improve this strategy are urgent.

scholarly journals Caries experience in children under 5 years old in the Xingu indigenous park in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e211606
Author(s):  
Alana Cristina Guisilini ◽  
Jaqueline Vilela Bulgareli ◽  
Luciane Miranda Guerra ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pereira ◽  
Inara Pereira da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Indigenous Children

Aim: The present study sought to investigate dental caries experience and its association with sociodemographic, postnatal and breastfeeding variables in children in the agerange from 6 to 71 months of age, in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study that used secondary data pertaining to 402 indigenous children of the Low, Middle and Eastern Xingu regions, who participated in the Oral Health Epidemiological Survey in 2013. The dependent variable was dental caries, dichotomized by the median (dmf-t≤1 and dmf-t>1). The data of independent variables were obtained by means of instruments of the Local Health Information System of the Xingu Indigenous Special Sanitary District (DSEI). Raw analyses were performed to test the association of the independent variables with the dependent variable. The variables were tested in the multiple logistic regression model. Results: The mean value of the dmf-t index was 2.60 and the prevalence of affected children was 51%. In the multiple analysis, only children older than 36 months (OR: 6.64; CI95%: 4.11 to 10.73) and those that were breastfed for a longer period of time (OR: 1.88; CI95%: 1.16 to 3.02) showed significant association with the dmf-t>1 index. Conclusion: Childhood dental caries among indigenous children was associated with age and breastfeeding prolonged for over 26 months, therefore, pointing out the need to offer dental follow-up care at earlier ages.

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