scholarly journals Comparison of growth performance of live feed microalgae and rotifer (Brachionus sp.) under different feeding medium in outdoor culture condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 025-032
Author(s):  
Nilufa Begum ◽  
M.N.S Mamun Siddiky ◽  
Shawon Ahmmed
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Culture Condition ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Outdoor Culture ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Feeding Medium

Live feed is the basic food source and nutrient security for successful seed production of any commercially important aquaculture species of fishes, mollusks and crustaceans. Both plant and animal originated aquatic microscopic organisms are generally termed as live food. They are the basic food items in early stages (larval stage) of life cycle due to small sizes, easy digestibility and enriched in nutrients. The Nannochloropsis sp.; Nannochlorum sp. and Tetraselmis sp. are rich with relatively high content of essential fatty acids in comparison to other marine algae. Likelihood, the rotifer Brachionus sp. is ideal feed item for brackishwater finfish and mud crab larvae rearing due to its special features like rapid reproduction, slow movement, suitable size and easy digestion by the newly hatched larvae. The present study is the report on comparison of growth performance of live feed (microalgae and rotifer) in outdoor culture condition. The study was conducted at the hatchery complex of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station, Paikgacha, Khulna. In outdoor culture condition the growth pattern obtained for three microalgae were Tetraselmis sp.> Nannochlorum sp.> Nannochloropsis sp. Highest average growth 6.87×106±1.97×106, 6.91×106±1.69×106 and 6.23×106±1.53×106 was observed for Nannochloropsis sp., Nannochlorum sp. and Tetraselmis sp. respectively in trial 3. Average growth of rotifer (Brachionus sp.) found highest 189±18.10 ind./ml at combined media of yeast and microalgae and lowest growth 119.67±17.60 ind./ml noticed with baker's yeast media. Nannochloropsis sp. contains more energy among all microalgae but Tetraselmis sp. carry highest level of protein. The highest level of protein 56.3±0.18% found in rotifer enriched with microalgae+fish oil and lowest protein content noticed with microalgae enrichment media. So, research finding suggests that, treatment T3 would be the best recommendations for rotifer culture.

204 An Investigation into the Role of Dietary Essential Fatty Acids Ratios and Linoleic Acid Level on Growth Performance and Inflammation of Grow-finish Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 63-63
Author(s):  
Spenser Becker ◽  
Laura L Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Linoleic Acid Level

Abstract The objective was to investigate the effects of dietary linoleic acid level and the ratio of linoleic acid:linolenic acid (n6:n3) on the growth performance and inflammatory status of grow-finish pigs. A total of 300 growing pigs (BW = 41.1 ± 6.3 kg) were randomly assigned to either a high (30 g/kg; HLA) or low (15 g/kg; LLA) linoleic acid level with a high (20:1; HR), moderate (12:1; MR) or low (4:1; LR) n6:n3 in a 2 x 3 factorial design. Diets were fed across three 28-day phases and were balanced for dietary metabolizable energy. Pigs were housed 5 pigs per pen. Blood samples were collected on weeks 1, 3, 6, and 12, and synovial fluid was collected from the hock joint on weeks 1 and 12 for inflammatory marker analysis. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using PROC MIXED (SAS 9.4) with initial body weight as a covariate, pen as the experimental unit, and linoleic acid level, ratio, and their interaction as fixed effects. Compared to HLA, LLA pigs had increased BW (P < 0.05) at d56 (103.2 vs. 101.3kg) and tended to have increased BW at d84 (P < 0.10; 129.1 vs. 127.8kg). Pigs receiving LR tended to have higher d84 BW compared to MR (P < 0.10; 129.1 vs. 127.3kg). There was no effect of linoleic acid ratio interaction for growth performance. In phase 2, pigs receiving LR had higher feed intake (P < 0.05) compared to MR. Pigs receiving HR performed intermediate of LR and MR. Overall, C-reactive protein was reduced in the plasma of pigs receiving HLA (P < 0.05; 19.3 vs. 26.2mg/mL). Across all treatments, CRP was reduced in synovial fluid and plasma in week 12 vs. week 1 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, LLA and a low ratio of n6:n3 improved final pig BW, and HLA is potentially beneficial in improving inflammation.

scholarly journals Effect of Applied Treatments on Growth Performance of three Cultivated Medicinal Plants of Kaski District, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
YP Timilsina ◽  
YP Tripathee
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
F Test ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Open Treatment ◽  
Natural Climate

This research explores the growth performance of three potential medicinal plants namely, Bajradanti (Potentilla flugens), Chutro (Breberisaristata), and Timur (Xanthoxylumarmatum) cultivated at nursery of Institute of Forestry with the application of tunnel, shaded and open beds treatment each with 4.0 m x 1.0 m size and constant supportive facilities of manure, irrigation and care. From the measurement of ten months growth performance, B. Aristata and X. armatum showed their better growth in open bed than shed and tunnel beds, unlike P. Flugens showed better performance in shed bed. The average growth performances per month of P. fulgens and X. armatum vary significantly with respect to applied treatments (p<0.05) but converse in the case of B. aristata when using parametric F- test based on one way analysis of variance. Determined contribution of open treatment for growth performance per month in the species indicates that natural climate is tolerable as well as favorable for thorny types of medicinal plants than that of others. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ctbijis.v2i1.10811 Crossing the Border: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol.2(1) 2014: 31-40

scholarly journals Kinetics of chronic inflammation in Nile tilapia fed n‑3 and n‑6 essential fatty acids

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róberson Sakabe ◽  
Flávio Ruas de Moraes ◽  
Marco Antonio de Andrade Belo ◽  
Fabiana Pilarski ◽  
Julieta Rodini Engrácia de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Giant Cell Formation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Macrophage Accumulation

The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with essential fatty acids on the kinetics of macrophage accumulation and giant cell formation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The supplementation sources were soybean oil (SO, source of omega 6, n‑6) and linseed oil (LO, source of omega 3, n‑3), in the following proportions: 100% SO; 75% SO + 25% LO; 50% SO + 50% LO; 25% SO + 75% LO; and 100% LO (four replicates per treatment). After a feeding period of three months, growth performance was evaluated, and glass coverslips were implanted into the subcutaneous connective tissue of fish, being removed for examination at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after implantation. Growth performance did not differ between treatments. Fish fed 100% linseed oil diet had the greatest macrophage accumulation and the fastest Langhans cell formation on the sixth day. On the eighth day, Langhans cells were predominant on the coverslips implanted in the fish feed 75 and 100% linseed oil. n‑3 fatty acids may contribute to macrophage recruitment and giant cell formation in fish chronic inflammatory response to foreign body.

scholarly journals Effects of salinity changes on growth performance and survival of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1795)

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Faijun Nahar ◽  
Wahida Haque ◽  
Dewan Ali Ahsan ◽  
Md Ghulam Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Cultured Fish

An experiment was carried out to find the salinity tolerance capability and growth performance of Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1795). Anabas testudineus commonly cultured fish in Bangladesh was reared in laboratory conditions at different salinities of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21‰ for 60 days. Hundred per cent survivals were detected at 0, 3, 6 and 9‰ salinity while 100% mortality was recorded at 18 and 21‰ salinity. Various responses to threat and feeding were observed among the fish in different treatments. Lowest feed conversion ratio was found in the control group while the highest was detected at 15‰ salinity. On the other hand, decreasing trend of specific growth and average growth rate were observed in A. testudineus fingerlings from 0 to 15‰ salinity. Significantly higher specific growth rate and average growth rate were detected in A. testudineus fingerlings reared at 0 - 6‰ salinity (p < 0.05). The present study suggests that Climbing Perch fingerlings can be reared at fresh water growth rates in coastal water with salinity up to 6‰.Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(1): 65-73, 2016

scholarly journals Effects of dietary oxidized oil on growth performance, meat quality and biochemical indices in poultry – a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafqat Nawaz Qaisrani ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Ghulam Yaseen ◽  
Fehmeeda Bibi ◽  
Muhammad Awais Sarfraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Oxidized Oil ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

AbstractLipids (fats and oils) are concentrated source of energy in poultry diets that improves palatability, feed consistency, provides essential fatty acids and increases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Fresh oil is an expensive energy source and its exposure to air, heat, metallic catalyst during storage and processing may lead to its oxidative deterioration. This review highlights the response of modern poultry to dietary oxidized oil on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, gut health, carcass characteristics, meat quality, blood chemistry and tissue oxidative status. Literature shows that in moderately (peroxide value (PV): 20 to 50 meq kg−1) and highly (PV: 50 to 100 meq kg−1 or above) oxidized oils, lipid peroxidation causes rancid odours and flavours that negatively affect feed palatability, reduces intestinal villus height that decreases the surface area available for nutrients absorption. The oxidation products also damage fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) in blood resulting in an oxidative stress. The use of oxidized oil in poultry diets has no significant effect on dressing percentage, pH and meat colour, whereas carcass weight decreases and drip loss of meat increases. Overall, there is a contradictory data regarding the influence of oxidized oil in poultry feed depending on the PV and inclusion levels. The reviewed literature shows that the use of mildly oxidized (PV < 20 meq kg−1) oil in poultry feed with 4 to 5% inclusion level decreases the feed cost and ultimately cost of poultry production without compromising their growth performance. It can, therefore, partially replace fresh oil as an efficient, cost effective and sustainable energy source in poultry diets.

206 An Investigation into the Role of Dietary Essential Fatty Acids Ratios and Energy Level on Growth Performance, Inflammation, and Joint Health of Grow-finish Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Spenser Becker ◽  
Laura L Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Inflammatory Status

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy level and the ratio of linoleic acid:linolenic acid (n6:n3) on the growth performance and inflammatory status of grow-finish pigs. A total of 240 growing pigs (BW = 41.5 ± 6.1 kg) were randomly assigned to either a high (3.55 Mcal/kg; HE) or low (3.29 Mcal/kg; LE) energy dietary treatment with a high (23:1) or low (12:1) n6:n3 in a 2 x 2 factorial design (n = 16). Diets were fed across three 28-day phases and were balanced for linoleic acid inclusion. Pigs were housed 4 pigs per pen. Blood samples were collected on weeks 1, 3, 6, and 12 of the study. Synovial fluid was collected from the hock joint on weeks 1 and 12 for inflammatory marker analysis. The pen was the experimental unit and data were analyzed as repeated measures using PROC MIXED (SAS 9.4) with energy, ratio, and the interaction as fixed effects. Compared to LE, pigs receiving HE had increased BW (P &lt; 0.05) at d28 (73.0 vs. 69.9kg), d56 (105.0 vs. 100.7kg), and d84 (135.3 vs. 129.9kg). For the overall period, HE had increased ADG compared to LE (1.10 vs. 1.06kg; P &lt; 0.05) and improved G:F (0.41 vs. 0.37; P &lt; 0.05), while LE increased ADFI compared to HE (2.88 vs. 2.72kg; P &lt; 0.05). There was no effect of ratio or energy ratio interaction for growth performance. C-reactive protein tended to be reduced in hock synovial fluid of pigs receiving LE (1854.3 vs. 2277.3ng/mL; P &lt; 0.10). Across all treatments, CRP was reduced in the synovial fluid and plasma in week 12 compared to week 1 (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, dietary n6:n3 ratio did not impact growth performance or CRP response regardless of energy level.

Climate and Exceptional Fish Production off the West Coast of North America

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2270-2291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Aleutian Low ◽  
The West ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commercially Important

From 1976 to 1978 there was a change in the climate over the North Pacific Ocean. The Aleutian Low intensified and there was a warming of the sea surface adjacent to North America and a cooling offshore. Associated with this change was a period of exceptional fish production. Strong year classes and above-average survival occurred for many commercially important species all along the west coast of Canada and the United States. Trends in total salmon catches increased primarily from increased salmon production in Alaska. Some stocks of maturing pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), coho (O. kisutch), and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) also had above-average growth in 1977. A majority of commercially important nonsalmon species that spawned from California to the Bering Sea and have a wide range of life history types also had exceptionally strong year classes from 1976 to 1978. The exceptional survival appears to be related to improved ocean productivity caused by changes in the intensity of the Aleutian Low.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT MALAPARIDARI PROVENAN UJUNG KULON PADA UMUR 5 BULAN DIPERSEMAIAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Tri Maria Hasnah ◽  
◽  
Eritrina Windyarini ◽  
Budi Leksono ◽  
Hamdan Adma Adinugraha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Observation Units ◽  
Potential Source

Malapari (Pongamia pinnata) is one of tree species belonging to Family of Leguminosae. Malapari seed oil were known as potential source for biofuel. The previous study showed that Provenance from Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon Banten had highest oil content among provenances in Java. Seed exploration was carried out to determine variations among families on oil content and growth performance. This study was conducted to determine the variation among families on growth performance at nursery level. The seedlings were used as planting stocks for Progeny Test establishment. This study was arranged in randomized completely block design with 50 families, 10 seedlings per plot and repeated in 4 blocks resulting the total number of observation units were 2000 seedlings. Seedling survival rate, growth performance (height, diameter, leave number), and sturdiness ratio was measured monthly up to 5 months after sowing. Analyses of variance was used to find out differences among families. Correlation among characters/parameters was analyzed by Pearson Correlation Analyses. The results showed that variations among families were found on seedling growthperformance. The seedling survival rate at the age of 5 months was 84.60% (26,70-100%) with an average growth of 47.10 cm (31,2-59,7 cm) in height, 5.49 mm (4,7-6,5 mm) in diameter, 8.56 for seedlings sturdiness and 15.4 (10,9-18,8) for leave number

scholarly journals Influence of Different Types of Diets on the Growth Performance of Juvenile Guppies (Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859)

Mangifera Edu ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Sultan Mohideen Abdul Khader ◽  
Kareem Altaff
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Brachionus Plicatilis ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Optimal Feed

This investigation aimed to analyze the effects of different diets and determine the optimal feed on the growth performance of guppy Poecilia reticulata (Peters, 1859). In the present study, juvenile guppies were procured from commercial fish breeders, Kolathur, Chennai, and fed with four experimental diets, namely Diet I (Control-Pellet feed), Diet II (Formulated feed), Diet III (Dry Tubifex), and Diet IV (Live feed Brachionus plicatilis) to examine the effects on growth and survival rates. In the experiment, 12 glass circular tanks with a volume of 10 L were used, and ten juveniles having an average body length and weight of 0.8 cm and 0.01 g were randomly introduced into each aquarium (80 cm×30 cm×35 cm) in triplicates. During the experimental study, the fish were fed two times a day ad libitum for 90 days. The various growth parameters and proximate composition of the diets were calculated by following standard methods. The findings showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the fish's various growth parameters fed with different diets. The fish fed with Diet IV 52% crude protein performed better than those provided with lower levels. The increase in growth parameters could be attributed to increased levels of dietary crude protein. However, the diet does not have any significant impact on fish survival rates. Thus, it is concluded that the Live Feed B. plicatilis with 52% crude protein is suitable for theoptimum growth of Poecilia reticulata under the current experimental set-up and recommended for feeding juvenile guppies.

scholarly journals Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance, calf growth performance, and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taoqi Shao ◽  
Frank A. Ireland ◽  
Joshua C. McCann ◽  
Daniel W. Shike
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Cow Performance

Abstract Background: Maternal nutrition during gestation affects fetal development, which has long-term programming effects on offspring postnatal growth performance. With a critical role in protein and lipid metabolism, essential fatty acids can influence the development of muscle and adipose tissue. The experiment investigated the effects of late gestation supplements (77 d prepartum), either rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (CON; 155 g/cow/d EnerGII) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 80 g/cow/d Strata and 80 g/cow/d Prequel), on cow performance and subsequent calf growth performance as well as mRNA expression in longissimus muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue at birth and weaning.Results: There was no difference (P ≥ 0.34) in cow body weight (BW) or body condition score from pre-supplementation through weaning. Relative concentrations of C18:3n-3 and C20:4n-6 decreased (P ≤ 0.05) to a greater extent from mid-supplementation to calving for PUFA compared to CON cows. Cow plasma C20:0, C20:5n-3, and C22:6n-3 were increased (P ≤ 0.01) in PUFA during supplementation period. At birth, PUFA steers had greater (P = 0.01) plasma C20:5n-3. No differences (P ≥ 0.33) were detected in steer birth BW or dam milk production, however, CON steers tended (P = 0.06) to have greater pre-weaning average daily gain and had greater (P = 0.05) weaning BW compared to PUFA. For mRNA expression in steers: MYH7 and C/EBPβ in LM increased (P ≤ 0.04) to a greater extent from birth to weaning for PUFA compared to CON; MYF5 in LM and C/EBPβ in adipose tissue tended (P ≤ 0.08) to decrease more from birth to weaning for CON compared to PUFA; SCD in PUFA adipose tissue tended (P = 0.08) to decrease to a greater extent from birth to weaning than CON. In addition, maternal PUFA supplementation tended (P = 0.08) to decrease MYOG mRNA expression in LM and decreased (P = 0.02) ZFP423 in adipose tissue during the pre-weaning stage.Conclusions: Late gestation PUFA supplementation decreased pre-weaning growth performance of the subsequent steer progeny compared to CON supplementation, which could have been a result of downregulated mRNA expression of myogenic genes during pre-weaning period.

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