scholarly journals 42 Natural Anticancer Products: Classified under the Cancer Hallmarks and the Available Evidence of their Anticancer Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
Dwight L. McKee ◽  
Mamoona S. Lodhi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cancer Hallmarks ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Semisynthetic Derivative ◽  
Cancer Diseases

About 60% of chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of cancer diseases today have been derived from natural products. While some of these agents are identical to the natural molecules found in plants; the others are semisynthetic derivative of the foundational molecule found naturally in the raw sources. Cancers have been reported to express 10 specific hallmark which are used as the key points or steps for targeted therapy against these cancers. Extending the number of these hallmarks to 12 this review article throws light on 44 natural products classifying them according to their target of action. Further, the natural products under consideration are categorized according to the level of evidence present for their anticancer activities.

Formation of Carbon-Oxygen Bond Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents Under Metal-free Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Jalil ◽  
Yaxin O Yang ◽  
Zhendong Chen ◽  
Rongxuan Jia ◽  
Tianhao Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Hypervalent Iodine ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oxygen Bond ◽  
Privileged Scaffolds

: Hypervalent iodine reagents are a class of non-metallic oxidants have been widely used in the construction of several sorts of bond formations. This surging interest in hypervalent iodine reagents is essentially due to their very useful oxidizing properties, combined with their benign environmental character and commercial availability from the past few decades ago. Furthermore, these hypervalent iodine reagents have been used in the construction of many significant building blocks and privileged scaffolds of bioactive natural products. The purpose of writing this review article is to explore all the transformations in which carbon-oxygen bond formation occurred by using hypervalent iodine reagents under metal-free conditions

Synthesis and characterization of a new series of thiadiazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulviye Acar Çevik ◽  
Derya Osmaniye ◽  
Serkan Levent ◽  
Begüm Nurpelin Sağlik ◽  
Betül Kaya Çavuşoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thiadiazole Derivatives ◽  
Low Efficiency

AbstractCancer is one of the most common causes of death in the world. Despite the importance of combating cancer in healthcare systems and research centers, toxicity in normal tissues and the low efficiency of anticancer drugs are major problems in chemotherapy. Nowadays the aim of many medical research projects is to discover new safer and more effective anticancer agents. 1,3,4-Thiadiazole compounds are important fragments in medicinal chemistry because of their wide range of biological activities, including anticancer activities. The aim of this study was to determine the capacity of newly synthesized 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as chemotherapeutic agents. The structures of the obtained compounds were elucidated using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. Although the thiadiazole derivatives did not prove to be significantly cytotoxic to the tumour tissue cultures, compound 4i showed activity against the C6 rat brain cancer cell line (IC50 0.097 mM) at the tested concentrations.

scholarly journals High prevalence of somatic MAP2K1 mutations in BRAF V600E–negative Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah A. Brown ◽  
Larissa V. Furtado ◽  
Bryan L. Betz ◽  
Mark J. Kiel ◽  
Helmut C. Weigelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Key Points ◽  
High Prevalence

Key Points Targeted genome sequencing reveals high-frequency somatic MAP2K1 mutations in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. MAP2K1 mutations are mutually exclusive with BRAF mutations and may have implications for the use of BRAF and MEK targeted therapy.

Recent Advances on Small Molecule Medicinal Chemistry to Treat Human Diseases-Part III

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 1517-1518
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Metabolite ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Life Threatening

The discovery and utilization of novel metabolites from natural sources are gaining momentum in the present era. The drug discovery programs have witnessed a remarkable shift from conventional medicines to exploiting natural products and their “value addition”, for treating lifethreatening diseases. The global outbreak of life-threatening diseases namely Ebola, SARS,including infections of the bloodstream (bacteremia), heart valves (endocarditis), lungs (pneumonia), and brain (meningitis) and AIDS calls for a more targeted approach to effectively combat the emerging diseases. In the present scenario, natural products and their extracts are being explored extensively for the treatment of various life threatening diseases. In this thematic issue, several review articles contributed by the scientist and researchers in the different areas of medicinal chemistry, synthetic chemistry, new emerging multi-drug targets were collected. This issue begins with a review article on the “Chemistry and Pharmacology of Natural Catechins from Camellia sinensis as anti-MRSA agents” by Gaur et al. and focuses on the spread of MRSA strains is of great concern because of limited treatment options for staphylococcal infections, since these strains are resistant to the entire class of β-lactam antibiotics. In addition, MRSA exhibits resistance to other classes of antimicrobial agents such as fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolide and even glycopeptides (vancomycin and teicoplanine), leading to the emergence of resistant strains such as glycopeptide intermediate (GISA) and resistant strain (GRSA) of S. aureus. In this review, chemical constituents responsible for the anti-MRSA activity of tea are explored [1]. The next article of this issue is a review article on the “Recent Advancements in the Synthesis and Chemistry of Benzofused Nitrogen- and Oxygen-based Bioactive Heterocycles” by Sharma et al. which focuses on medicinal importance of these bioactive benzo-fused heterocycles; special attention has been given to their synthesis as well as medicinal/pharmaceutical properties in detail [2]. “Trends in pharmaceutical design of Endophytes as anti-infective,” by Tiwari et al., is the third article in this issue. The review focused on the meta-analysis of bioactive metabolite production from endophytes, extensively discussing the bioprospection of natural products for pharmaceutical applications. In light of the emerging importance of endophytes as antiinfective agents, an exploration of the pharmaceutical design of novel chemical entities and analogues has enabled efficient and cost-effective drug discovery programs. However, bottlenecks in endophytic biology and research requires a better understanding of endophytic dynamics and mechanism of bioactive metabolite production towards a sustainable drug discovery program [3]. The last article of this issue is also research article on “Recent development of tetrahydro-quinoline/isoquinoline based compounds as anticancer agents” by Yadav et al. The article reported the synthesis of potent tetrahydroquinoline/isoquinoline molecules of the last 10 years with their anticancer properties in various cancer cell lines and stated their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). In addition, we also considered the discussion of molecular docking and structural activity relationship wherever provided to understand the possible mode of activity an target involved and structural features responsible for the better activity, so the reader can directly find detail for designing new anticancer agents. [4]. Finally I would like to thank all authors who contributed to this issue, titled “Recent advances on small molecule medicinal chemistry to treat human diseases”.

Natural-Derived Molecules as a Potential Adjuvant in Chemotherapy: Normal Cell Protectors and Cancer Cell Sensitizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Hossain ◽  
Muhammad Torequl Islam ◽  
Mohammad S. Mubarak ◽  
Divya Jain ◽  
Rasel Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Global Threat

Background: Cancer is a global threat to humans and a leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer treatment includes, among other things, the use of chemotherapeutic agents, compounds that are vital for treating and preventing cancer. However, chemotherapeutic agents produce oxidative stress along with other side effects that would affect the human body. Objective: To reduce the oxidative stress of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer and normal cells by naturally derived compounds with anti-cancer properties, and protect normal cells from the oxidation process. Therefore, the need to develop more potent chemotherapeutics with fewer side effects has become increasingly important. Method: Recent literature dealing with the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the naturally naturally-derived compounds: morin, myricetin, malvidin, naringin, eriodictyol, isovitexin, daidzein, naringenin, chrysin, and fisetin has been surveyed and examined in this review. For this, data were gathered from different search engines, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scifinder, among others. Additionally, several patient offices such as WIPO, CIPO, and USPTO were consulted to obtain published articles related to these compounds. Result: Numerous plants contain flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds such as morin, myricetin, malvidin, naringin, eriodictyol, isovitexin, daidzein, naringenin, chrysin, and fisetin, which exhibit ‎antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic actions via several mechanisms. These compounds show sensitizers of cancer cells and protectors of healthy cells. Moreover, these compounds can reduce oxidative stress, which is accelerated by chemotherapeutics and exhibit a potent anticancer effect on cancer cells. Conclusions: Based on these findings, more research is recommended to explore and evaluate such flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Review of the Studies in the Use of Biofeedback Therapy in Rehabilitation and Physiatrics of Neurological Patients

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Mozheyko ◽  
◽  
O.V. Petryaeva ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Biofeedback Therapy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Drug Free

Objective of the Review: To collect information, analyse and evaluate previous studies in the use of biofeedback in neurological patients. Key Points. Despite the wide practical application and a lot of available publications, the level of evidence of this method is low because of a small sample size and the challenges with biofeedback mechanism description. A review of various types of biocontrol, its mechanisms and developments shows that drug-free therapy using only patient’s resources (organic, psychological, emotional and volitional) can activate the mechanisms of neuroplasticity, which are poorly studied. Still, it does not prevent from using biocontrol for the therapy of patients and/or prevention of various diseases in healthy population. Conclusion. Biofeedback therapy has proven to be a safe, relatively efficient and easy-to-use method. However, organisation of a large-scale double blind randomized trial is one of the predominant directions in the future. Keywords: biofeedback, biocontrol, neurofeedback, biofeedback therapy.

Natural Product as Substrates of ABC Transporters: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan-Yu Chen ◽  
Jing-Quan Wang ◽  
Yuqi Yang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Zhe-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Future Drug ◽  
Tumor Drugs ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

Background: To date, many compounds extracting from natural products have anti-tumor activity, such as citronellol, ellagitannin-containing pomegranate extract, etc. Evidence from clinical context shows that multidrug resistance is an obstacle that impedes the effectiveness of natural products, such as chemotherapeutic agents paclitaxel and vincristine. Overexpression of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters is the leading cause of MDR. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate whether these natural products are substrates of MDR-associated ABC transporters, which may benefit the development of their clinical usage. Objective: This review summarizes the latest insight on natural products possessing substrate profile and analyzed some possible regularity to provide direction for future drug discovery. Conclusion: The anti-tumor effects of natural products are constantly being explored, but the drug resistance issues cannot be ignored, which limits their prospects as anti-tumor drugs to a certain extent. At the same time, some natural products are taken as a daily diet, and their possible role in increasing the drug resistance of the substrate should arouse the attention of clinical cancer patients.

Cytotoxic Activity of tropane alkaloides of Species of Erythroxylum

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Fernando Araújo Neto ◽  
Erika Maria de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Ademir Evangelista do Vale ◽  
Jorge Maurício David ◽  
Juceni Pereira de Lima David
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Tropane Alkaloids ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential

: Erythroxylaceae is a family composed of four genera being Erythroxylum the only one represented in the Neotropical region. Chemical studies indicate the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids and phenolic compounds as main compounds. The incorporation of cytotoxic activity assays of natural products using cell cultures assists in the selection of potential chemotherapeutic agents. In this work we describe a revision of the cytotoxicity evaluation studies performed with extracts and/or pure substances obtained from Erythroxylum species through an integrative review. We have found studies that evaluated the cytotoxic activity of 21 species of Erythroxylum against 45 different cell lines, the analysis of the chemical composition of these species shows that the metabolites present in each species influence the cytotoxic potential of them, especially the presence of disubstituted tropane alkaloids species with the highest cytotoxic potential. MTT and Sulforrodamine B assays were the main in vitro tests used for the evaluation of the cytotoxic activities. From the total of species, less than 10% of the Erythroxylum species have already been evaluated for the cytotoxic activity, four of them showed high cytotoxic activity according to with the criteria of the NCI plant screening program. Thus, this genus represents a potential source of natural products with antitumor activity.

scholarly journals Bacterial Pigments: The Bioactivities and as an Alternative for Therapeutic Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adzzie-Shazleen Azman ◽  
Christina-Injan Mawang ◽  
Sazaly Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Synthetic Pigments ◽  
Coloring Agents ◽  
Bacterial Pigments

Synthetic pigments have been widely used in various applications since the 1980s. However, the hyperallergenicity or carcinogenicity effects of synthetic dyes have led to the increased research on natural pigments. Among the natural resources, bacterial pigments are a good alternative to synthetic pigments because of their significant properties. Bacterial pigments are also one of the emerging fields of research since it offers promising opportunities for different applications. Besides its use as safe coloring agents in the cosmetic and food industry, bacterial pigments also possess biological properties such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities. This review article highlights the various types of bacterial pigments, the latest studies on the discovery of bacterial pigments and the therapeutic insights of these bacterial pigments which hopefully provides useful information, guidance and improvement in future study.

Novel cyclophosphamide of natural products osalmide and pterostilbene induces cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-410
Author(s):  
Mengyu Xi ◽  
Wan He ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Jinfeng Zhou ◽  
Zhijian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large B Cell

Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common category and disease entity of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Osalmide and pterostilbene are natural products with anticancer activities via different mechanism. In this study, using a new synthetic strategy for the two natural products, we obtained the compound DCZ0801, which was previously found to have anti-multiple myeloma activity. We performed both in vitro and in vivo assays to investigate its bioactivity and explore its underlying mechanism against DLBCL cells. The results showed that DCZ0801 treatment gave rise to a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell viability as determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry assay. Western blot analysis results showed that the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bax was increased, while BCL-2 and BCL-XL levels were decreased, which suggested that DCZ0801 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted intrinsic apoptosis. In addition, DCZ0801 induced G0/G1 phase arrest by downregulating the protein expression levels of CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, DCZ0801 exerted an anti-tumor effect by down-regulating the expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT. There also existed a trend that the expression of p-JNK and p-P38 was restrained. Intraperitoneal injection of DCZ0801 suppressed tumor development in xenograft mouse models. The preliminary metabolic study showed that DCZ0801 displayed a rapid metabolism within 30 min. These results demonstrated that DCZ0801 may be a new potential anti-DLBCL agent in DLBCL therapy.

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