scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF THE TRANSITION TO 3D PRINTING OF BUILDINGS IN THE ROUTE OF INDUSTRY 4.01

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
S.V. SHATOV ◽  
О.M. MATSENKO ◽  
Yev.O SKRYPKA ◽  
I.O. DANYLENKO
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Social And Environmental Performance

Problem statement. The high level of costs, energy and resource intensity in the field of construction leads to research aimed at improving the economic, social and environmental performance of construction processes from the standpoint of current trends in innovation in line with Industry 4.0. Especially relevant are studies adapted to the conditions of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to research of directions of development of technologies in the construction sphere, in particular technologies of 3D-printing, definition of ecological and economic advantages of transition to 3D-printing of construction objects in line with Industry 4.0. Results. The research of directions of development of 3D-printing technology is carried out, the types of 3D-printers are presented and characterized. Emphasis is placed on the need and benefits of assessment and certification of energy efficiency of buildings. The advantages of 3D printing are considered, which include the improvement of such parameters as environmental friendliness, speed and accessibility of construction. An assessment of the profitability and payback period of the construction business organization, which uses 3D-printing as the primary means of construction. It is established that the specific costs per 1m2 of 3D-construction in Ukraine will be about 4 thousand UAH, and the payback period of innovative construction business based on 3D-printing is less than a year. Scientific novelty and practical significance. For the first, an economic assessment of the construction business organization uses 3D printing as the primary means of construction, in the Ukrainian economy. The results of the study will be useful for business representatives in the field of construction, and can also be used in the training of specialists for the construction industry.

scholarly journals Economic assessment of urban space and blue-green infrastructure in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Lim ◽  
Stefanos Xenarios
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Greenery

Abstract The urban conglomeration has accentuated the role of urban greenery as a determinant factor for sustainable living, especially in highly dense cities. The country of Singapore has consistently attempted to develop and rehabilitate urban greenery by attempting to align the green space policy with the pursuit of better life quality. In this study, we assess the benefits arising from the rehabilitated Bishan-Ang Mo Kio (AMK) Park in north Singapore and the effects on economic welfare. The Bishan-AMK Park was initially constructed in the late 70 s as a drainage area for the avoidance of flooding incidents. In 2012, a pilot project was introduced to create a blue-green infrastructure (BGI) space for the provision of drainage and flood prevention but also for recreational and environmental improvement in the area. Yet, the benefits emerging from BGI are not well explored and still underestimated. To this extent, we evaluate selected services related to recreational, socio-cultural and tourism-related values by indicating the economic benefits from the introduction of BGI in condensed urban environments like Singapore. The findings indicate that the benefits deriving from the selected services could be within the range of US$100 million to US$220 million with a mean value of US$160 million per year by substantially contributing to human well-being. The assessment of environmental services can raise the awareness of residents and local authorities on the contribution of urban greenery to livelihoods and economic development in Singapore and similar densely populated areas.

scholarly journals Safety and Economic Assessment of Converting Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections to Roundabouts on High Speed Rural Highways

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Aemal J. Khattak ◽  
Eric C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Property Damage ◽  
Rural Highways ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Safety Improvement

This research addressed two questions: “Are roundabouts on rural high-speed roadways safer than two-way stop controlled (TWSC) intersections?” and “What economic benefits can be expected from converting TWSC intersections to roundabouts in terms of safety improvement?” Crash and traffic data on four TWSC intersections that were converted to roundabouts in Kansas were analyzed using the empirical Bayes before-after evaluation method and crash costs were applied to evaluate economic benefits. Analysis showed that fatal, non-fatal, and property-damage-only crashes were reduced by 100%, 76.47%, and 35.49%, respectively. The annual monetary value from this reduction was between $1.0—$1.6 million in 2014 dollars.

scholarly journals Industry 4.0 in a project context: Introducing 3D printing in construction projects

2021 ◽  
pp. 100033
Author(s):  
Nils O.E. Olsson ◽  
Emrah Arica ◽  
Ruth Woods ◽  
Javier Alonso Madrid
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Construction Projects

3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS – LEADING TREND IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
SHANKHADIP NANDI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Fused Deposition

3D printing technology is a rapid prototyping process based on computer-aided design software that is proficient to construct solid objects with various geometrics by depositing numerous layers in a sequence. The major advantages of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology over the traditional manufacturing of pharmaceuticals include the customization of medications with individually adjusted doses, on-demand tailored manufacturing, unprecedented flexibility in the design, manufacturing of complex and sophisticated solid dosage forms, and economic benefits. Recently, many researchers have been invested their efforts in applying 3DP technology to the pharmaceutical development of drug products and different drug delivery systems. Selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, semi-solid extrusion, stereolithography, etc., are the multiple 3DP technologies that can be established in several customized and programmable medicines. Sublingual, orodispersible, and fast-dissolving drug delivery formulations by 3DP technology have been already manufactured. Controlled-release formulations with different characteristics, doughnut-shaped multi-layered tablets with linear release kinetics, and drug-loaded tablets with modified-release characteristics are recently fabricated using 3DP. However, few 3DP methods produce uneven shapes of dosage forms and comparatively porous structures. Cost of transition, adaptation to the existing facility, achieving regulatory approval, etc., are the present challenges that can restrict the extensive application of 3DP technology to pharmaceutical products. Intense research work for modifying the 3DP methods is simultaneously sustained for by-passing the flaws and current limitations of this technology. 3DP technology can act as a convenient and potential tool for the pharmaceutical industry which will set a revolutionary manufacturing style in the near future to facilitate patient-centered health care.

Optimization of Agar Preparation Based on Transparency

2021 ◽  
Vol 1033 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Ying Cai ◽  
Zhan Xia Wu ◽  
Zhao Yu Zhang ◽  
Zhang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Filtration Method

To meet the requirement for high transparency of agar gel used in tissue culture, bacteriological applications, and high-quality cosmetics and food, this study on improving the transparency of agar products was carried out by using activated carbon for decolorization and perlite for aiding filtration. The results showed that the pre-coating filtration method was better than that of the mixed slurry filtration, so an orthogonal experiment optimization was conducted using the pre-coating filtration method based on the single factor experimental results. The experimental results showed that the optimal process conditions based on the transparency index were: concentration of agar of 1.30%, activated carbon dosage of 0.80%, processing temperature of 95 °C, and treatment time of 20 min. Agar products with gel transparency of 58.93% and blue-ray whiteness value of 93.82 could be obtained under these experimental conditions. The order of the factors influencing the decolorization ratio of agar was as follows: activated carbon dosage > concentration of agar > processing temperature > treatment time. The experimental results provided effective procession methods for the production enterprises based on transparency and increased economic benefits, and it was of practical significance.

scholarly journals The Effect of Environmental Performance on Employment: Evidence from China’s Manufacturing Industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shan ◽  
Jingyi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Correlation Effect ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to explore the interaction between environmental performance and employment China’s manufacturing industries. Based on the environmental performance of 32 industries in China’s manufacturing industry during 2006–2015, a panel vector autoregressive model was constructed to study the interaction between industry output and employment in clean industries and dirty industries. The dynamic impact and internal transmission mechanism between environmental performance is analyzed. The study found that in the early stage, due to the reduction of production scale, there was a weak and short-term negative correlation effect on employment, and the mutual promotion relationship between economic benefits and employment was unsustainable. In return, employment affects environmental performance, but the effect differs due to the different forms of environmental performance. For dirty industries, the impact of environmental performance on employment through technical effects is more significant and, thus, a win–win situation of ecological environment and employment stability will be achieved. This research has practical significance regarding how to scientifically and effectively carry out environmental regulation and green management.

scholarly journals Geothermal Power Production from Abandoned Oil Reservoirs Using In Situ Combustion Technology

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhao Zhu ◽  
Kewen Li ◽  
Changwei Liu ◽  
Mahlalela Bhekumuzi Mgijimi
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Oil Reservoirs ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
In Situ Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technology

Development of geothermal resources on abandoned oil reservoirs is considered environmentally friendly. This method could reduce the rate of energy consumption from oil fields. In this study, the feasibility of geothermal energy recovery based on a deep borehole heat exchanger modified from abandoned oil reservoirs using in situ combustion technology is investigated. This system could produce a large amount of heat compensated by in situ combustion in oil reservoir without directly contacting the formation fluid and affecting the oil production. A coupling strategy between the heat exchange system and the oil reservoir was developed to help avoid the high computational cost while ensuring computational accuracy. Several computational scenarios were performed, and results were obtained and analyzed. The computational results showed that an optimal water injection velocity of 0.06 m/s provides a highest outlet temperature of (165.8 °C) and the greatest power output of (164.6 kW) for a single well in all the performed scenarios. Based on the findings of this study, a geothermal energy production system associated with in situ combustion is proposed, specifically for economic reasons, because it can rapidly shorten the payback period of the upfront costs. Modeling was also performed, and based on the modeling data, the proposed technology has a very short payback period of about 4.5 years and a final cumulative net cash flow of about $4.94 million. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that utilizing geothermal resources or thermal energy in oilfields by adopting in situ combustion technology for enhanced oil recovery is of great significance and has great economic benefits.

Re-designing the business organization using disruptive innovations based on blockchain-IoT integrated architecture for improving agility in future Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1883-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh B. Rane ◽  
Yahya Abdul Majid Narvel
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Disruptive Innovations ◽  
Integrated Architecture

Purpose Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have recently gained much attention for Industry 4.0. With the emergence of disruptive technologies, it has become essential to redesign the business for innovations based on blockchain–IoT integrated architecture that helps organizations to improve agility in their operations. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach An industrial pump was Sensorized and IoTized to monitor its operations on real time and take predictive measures for managing these assets with more agility. The developed architecture was further extended for proposing the use of blockchain and how it can benefit the organization. Findings The known features of blockchain such as increasing the capacity of decentralization, trust-less transactions, security and allowing autonomous coordination of the devices along with the boons of IoT will help achieve the motto of improving agility in Industry 4.0. Originality/value This paper gives a new dimension to utilization of blockchain technology. blockchain along with IoT that gives a way forward for industries like manufacturing, oil and gas, engineering and construction, utilities, etc. to re-designing the business organization in a more agile way.

Technical and Economic Assessment on Various Energy-Saving Reconstruction of Public Buildings

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1289-1295
Author(s):  
Ren Jun ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xiang Yang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Financial Assessment ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

The Paper, based on the theory of technical and economic assessment, puts forward to make financial assessment (on net present value, payback time, risk-benefit ratio, etc.) as the economic control index in accordance with the ideology of entire life cycle during the energy-saving reconstruction of public buildings. Then the Paper makes analysis on cost-benefit ratio of energy-saving reconstruction measures taken on various parts and equipment of outer protective structure, finds out approaches to energy-saving reconstruction with high efficiency, and finally adopts the method of sensitivity analysis on individual energy-saving reconstruction measures to further optimize reconstruction plan, thus improving economic benefits of energy saving.

scholarly journals Operation and Economic Assessment of Hybrid Refueling Station Considering Traffic Flow Information

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyang Zhou ◽  
Yuxuan Zhuang ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
Zhi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Hydrogen Pumps

It is anticipated that the penetration of “Green-Energy” vehicles, including Electric Vehicle (EV), Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV), and Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) will keep increasing in next decades. The demand of refueling stations will correspondingly increase for refueling these “Green-Energy” vehicles. While such kinds of “Green-Energy” vehicles can provide both social and economic benefits, effective management of refueling various kinds of these vehicles is necessary to maintain vehicle users’ comfortabilities and refueling station’s return on investment. To tackle these problems, this paper proposes a novel energy management approach for hybrid refueling stations with EV chargers, Hydrogen pumps and gas pumps. Firstly, the detailed models of EV chargers, Hydrogen pumps with electrolyte and hydrogen tank, the gas pumps with gas tank, renewable resources, and battery energy storage systems are established. The forecasting methodologies for renewable energy, electricity price and the traffic flow are also presented to support the hybrid refueling station modeling and operation. Then, a management approach is adopted to manage the refueling various kinds of vehicles with considerations of the refueling station profitability. Finally, the proposed management approach is verified under four different kinds of tariffs- Economy-7, Economy-10, Flat-rate, and Real-Time Pricing (RTP), finding that the proposed management approach has the best performance under RTP tariff. The economic assessment of the Energy Storage System (ESS) is also performed. It is found that the ESS can make the saving up to $127 per day. Different sizes of gas storage tank are compared in the final section as well. The result shows that increasing the size of the tank does not bring attractive extra benefits with the consideration of the investment on enlarging the tank size.

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