scholarly journals Combinations of mycotoxins in feed and their accumulation in internal organs of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.D. Drobin ◽  
N.A. Soldatenko ◽  
E.А. Bokun
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Broiler Meat

The issue of safety of production and processing of agricultural raw materials for obtaining quality food is becoming more and more topical. Of particular concern in most countries of the world is the contamination with mycotoxins of plant and livestock products. Plant food is contaminated as a result of pathogenic fungi growth, and livestock due to the accumulation of toxins in the body. They enter the human food chain continuously dire0ctly with cereals, seeds, spices, fruit, drinks and other plant products, as well as directly through food obtained from animals and birds that have consumed feed contaminated with mycotoxins. The real threat from mycotoxins can be extremely high, as they accumulate in the tissues and internal organs of animals and birds, and the consumption of broiler meat is increasing every year, being a more accessible protein product. Because of the small molecular weight of mycotoxins, the body does not produce antibodies to them, thus no immunity occurs, so warm-blooded animals and humans remain sensitive to them throughout life. The aim of our investigation (research) was: 1 - to determine the effect of fodder contaminated with a combined group of mycotoxins (Fumonizin B1, Zearalenone, DON and T-2 toxin) exceeding the maximum allowable concentration on growth and development of young chickens. 2-determine histological changes in the structures of internal organs (liver and kidney), which are directly related to the general health of broiler chickens. Under the influence of mycotoxins the liver is subjected to dystrophic changes. It increases in volume, changes the structure of the liver becoming brittle or friable, the color becomes pale or filled with blood. Sinusoidal capillaries are filled with blood, perivascular infiltration with round cellular elements in the area of triads. Granulomas - clusters of lymphoid cells appear in thickness of lobules. Among lymphoid cells a large number of hepatocytes in a state of hyaline-droplet dystrophy and in a state of necrosis. In the kidneys cause edema in the middle part of the cortical substance, due to which, subcapsular renal corpuscles are pushed back to the kidney capsule and capillaries overflow with blood. Vascular glomeruli thickening decrease in size and go into a state of disintegration of loops. In the convoluted tubules, some cells are in a state of hyaline-capillary dystrophy, some - in a state of necrosis, resulting in violation of the architectonics of the tubule, subcapsular hemorrhages appear. Causes venous hyperemia.

The use of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard when rearing of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
L. Gamko ◽  
T. Tarinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat

It is known that necessary to replace the components of organic acids, which are part of acidifiers when drinking water to poultry in order to prevent the adaptation of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In the poultry industry organic acids are widely used, which are used as acidifiers to preserve the properties of water consumed. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of broiler meat production when using acidifying agents of drinking water Aquasafe and Veleguard. The experimental part of the work has been performed in JSC “Kurinoe Tsarstvo-Bryansk” broiler area “Roshcha” in the Pochepsky district. The object of research was the livestock of broiler chickens cross Cobb 500 at floor housing. The effect of water acidifiers on meat productivity has been studied. Groups of chickens have been formed on the principle of pairs-analogues. Broiler chickens of experimental groups have been separated from the main livestock by a grid in the corner of the room for 100 heads in each group. It has been found by a result of research to be optimal dose usage of acidifying agents water Aquasafe and Veleguard to drink to broiler chickens. The positive effect of these acidifiers on the digestion of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, contributing to the effective use of nitrogen, which led to an increase in the intensity of growth, young animals’ livability and improved feed conversion. Slaughter yield in the control group was 55,1 %, and in the experimental group 57,2 and 58,4 %, which was by 2,1 and 3,3 % higher with the same level of metabolic energy and nutrients. In chickens that consumed acidifi ers more intensively used nutrients feed for deposition in the body of the components of the carcass, which affected the production. A positive impact of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard on meat quality in broiler chickens has been found.

scholarly journals An effect of anti-stress feed additives on broiler productivity and meat quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Miftakhutdinova ◽  
S. L. Tikhonov ◽  
N. V. Tikhonova ◽  
R. T. Timakova
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Lithium Content ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Meat Productivity

The paper presents the study on an impact of feed additives Peak anti-stress and SPAO (SPAO-complex) with different lithium content on meat productivity and meat quality of broiler chickens. The feed additives exert a pronounced metabolic effect, have adaptogen properties and allow forming a mechanism that facilitates compensation of the expenditure of the body, which significantly increases upon stress development. It was established that the average daily gain of the broiler chickens increased by 1.8% and 4.3% on the background of using SPAO-complex and Peak anti-stress, respectively, compared to the broiler chickens that did not receive the feed additives in the daily diet. It was shown that addition of feed additives with lithium into a diet led to an improvement of the indices of broiler meat productivity and meat quality: a level of yield of the carcasses of the 1st category increased up to 56.2–79.1%, high organoleptic indices of meat were ensured, the protein content in white and red chicken meat increased and functional-technological properties of minced meat improved. The use of feed additives ensured profitability of industrial poultry production; the highest indices of profitability were established upon introduction of the feed additive Peak anti-stress into a diet — up to 8.67 rubles per each ruble of expenses. The obtained results of the study should be taken into consideration in the technological processes when raising broiler chickens.

scholarly journals ECOLOGY OF AGRICULTURAL RAW MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
A. A. Lukin ◽  
Yu. A. Becz ◽  
N. L. Naumova ◽  
I. A. Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Aluminum Lithium ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The priority route of entry of carcinogens into the body of the population of the Chelyabinsk region is oral, the leading medium for the transfer of xenobiotics is food, and the main carcinogen is arsenic, which comes from local agricultural products. The aim of the research was to study the mineral composition of semi-finished products from poultry meat from different manufacturing enterprises in the context of the environmental component of the safety of agricultural products. Chilled drumsticks produced by Nagaybaksky Poultry Complex LLC (Chelyabinsk Region, Nagaybaksky District, Farshampenuaz settlement) and Turbaslinskiye Broilers JSC (Republic of Bashkortostan, Blagoveshchensk) were used as objects of research. It was established that the maximum permissible concentration for arsenic was 3.7 times higher in the products of the Nagaybak poultry complex. Chromium was found more in semi-finished products from Bashkortostan (29 times), tin – in local raw materials. The drumsticks cooled from the Nagaybak processor significantly exceeded the competitor’s raw materials in terms of calcium (7.6 times), iron (2.9 times), zinc (2.1 times), selenium (2 times), phosphorus (1, 5 times), silicon (1.3 times), sodium (12.4%), as well as copper, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, strontium. Relatively high levels of potassium (3.8 times) and magnesium (1.4 times), as well as aluminum, lithium, nickel, antimony, were recorded in the drumsticks of broiler chickens from a Bashkir producer. It was revealed that the semi-finished products of broiler chickens produced by Nagaybak Poultry Complex LLC did not comply with the requirements of Technical Regulation of the Customs Union 021/2011. The chilled shins of Bashkir production were recognized as safe within the framework of the current Technical Regulations.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE EXTRACT OF THE COLUMBER ON THE QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF MEAT CHICKEN-BROILERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
E. A. Kishnyaykina ◽  
K. V. Zhuchaev ◽  
O. A. Bagno ◽  
V. S. Tokarev ◽  
M. L. Kochneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Broiler Farm

Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the use of various doses of pharmaceutical substances based on the extract of a medicinal plant thyme on the quality indicators of broiler meat. The work was done in a broiler farm. Formed control and 5 experimental groups of day-old broiler chickens with 37 heads in each group. Chickens of the control group were fed the basic ration, broilers of the experimental groups additionally received a pharmaceutical substance obtained from the medicinal plant thyme in various doses: the 1–2 mg / kg, 2–4, the 3–6, 4–8, 5–10 mg / kg body weight daily. At the end of poultry rearing, the slaughter qualities of carcasses, the development of internal organs and the chemical composition of the pectoral muscle are determined. At the end of the study, the positive effect of thyme extract on the indicators of anatomical cutting of broiler chickens was established. In the 3th, 4th and 5th experimental groups, significant differences were found compared with the control group. Thyme extract did not have a negative impact on the development of the internal organs of broiler chickens. There are no significant differences in chemical composition and the amount of essential amino acids in the pectoral muscles of broilers.

scholarly journals Kajian Residu Tetrasiklin HCl dalam Daging dan Hati Ayam Broiler pada Beberapa Peternakan di Kabupaten Lamongan Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Ultraviolet

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
M.A. Hanny Ferry Fernanda ◽  
Rosita Dwi Chrisnandari
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Residual Content ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Tetracycline Hcl

Tetracycline HCl is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in animal feed additives to control disease caused by bacteria. The dosage of antibiotics added to animal feed is sometimes not in accordance with existing regulations, causing residues in the body to be left behind. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and levels of tetracycline HCl antibiotic residues in the meat and liver of broiler chickens on farms in Lamongan City by using the spectrophotometric method by selecting the maximum wavelength which was carried out by making the absorbance relationship curve and the wavelength of the standard solution at a certain concentration. The results of tetracycline antibiotic residues in boiler chicken meat and liver on the first farm showed that the residual levels of tetracycline HCl were 3,969.10 ± 392.32 ppm and 14,247.74 ± 2,632.63 ppm, on the second farm showed residual levels of tetracycline HCl. 5,470.03 ± 512.76 ppm and 20,464.60 ± 5,985.63 ppm, respectively, and the third farm showed that the remaining levels of tetracycline HCl were 7,032.37 ± 971.99 ppm and 19,232.71 ± 6,404.63 ppm. The results showed that the residual content of tetracycline HCl in broiler meat and liver exceeds the maximum residual content of tetracycline class of antibiotics in meat and milk based on SNI 01-6366-2000 which limits the residue to not more than 0.1 ppm.

scholarly journals Protein Mass and Calcium Mass of Broiler Chicken with Added Nucleotides at Different Maintenance Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
I. Rahmawati ◽  
L .D. Mahfudz ◽  
S. Kismiati
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Nucleotide Synthesis ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures

This study aims to examine the effect of adding nucleotides in broiler rations on the protein mass and calcium mass of broiler chicken reared at different temperatures. The material used was 135 broiler chickens aged 15 days with a weight of 462.20 ± 9 grams of unsex Ross strain and nucleotides imported from China produced by CBH Co. Ltd., China. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3x3 factorial pattern with 5 replications. The treatment was carried out at the age of 15-35 days. The treatment given was the first factor adding nucleotides (T0 = nucleotides 0 g/kg feed, T1 = nucleotides 0.5 g/kg feed, T2 = nucleotides 1 g/kg feed) and the second factor was temperature (Heat = S1 = 30 – 32?, Comfortable = S2 = 20 – 23?, Natural = S3 = 24 – 34?). Parameters observed were protein content, calcium content, protein mass, and calcium mass of broiler chicken meat. The research data were analyzed using the F test of variance analysis, if there was a real treatment effect, then Duncan's test was continued. The results showed that there was no interaction between the addition of nucleotides with different maintenance temperatures on protein content, calcium content, protein mass, and calcium mass of meat. Nucleotide 0.05 g had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the protein content of the meat, the natural rearing temperature significantly affected the calcium content of the meat and the comfortable temperature had a significant effect on the protein mass of broiler meat. This study concludes that the addition of 0.05 g of nucleotides can meet the needs of nucleotide synthesis in the body of broiler chickens by increasing the protein content of the meat.

scholarly journals Intake and distribution of doxycycline in the organism of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
A. Tyshkivskaya ◽  
V. Dukhnitsky ◽  
M. Tyshkivsky
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Study Period ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Rapid Absorption ◽  
Use Studies ◽  
Maximum Content

The article presents the results of studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of the antibiotic Poledoxin (the active substance is doxycycline hyclact) from the body of healthy broiler chickens of the Koob-500 cross when taken orally. Studies have established the rapid absorption of doxycycline hyclact from the digestive tract of the chicken into the blood and its entry into the internal organs. The maximum concentration of doxycycline hyclact was detected 2-4 hours after the start of Poledoxin administration, the content of which in the liver was 9,07±0,07 μg/g, in the lungs – 8,39±0,20 μg/g, in the heart – 4,24±0,09 μg/g, in the pectoral muscles – 4,28±0,23 μg/g. In the kidneys, the maximum concentration was found after 12 hours – 7,63±0,38 μg/g. When clinically healthy broiler chickens were fed with Poledoxin solution, the ability to materially cumulate doxycycline hyclact (active ingredient) was not established, since its content in the internal organs and muscles of the bird did not depend on the duration of the drug use. Studies have established the absence of organ affiliation of doxycycline hyclact, because its maximum content, depending on the study period, was recorded in various organs that provide biotransformation and excretion – liver, kidneys, lungs. The cancellation of drinking Poledoxin ensured the rapid elimination of doxycyclin hyclact from the body of broiler chickens and, after 5 days (for 216 hours of the experiment), its content was minimal for the entire study period and amounted to: in the kidneys – 0,15±0,01 μg/g; liver – 0,12±0,01 μg/g; pectoral muscles – 0,05±0,01 μg/g; lungs – 0,04±0,01 μg/g. Only in one sample of the heart, doxycycline hyclact was shown in an amount of 0,01 μg/g. Key words: Poledoxin, doxycycline hyclact, broiler chickens, distribution, accumulation, hatching, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, excretion.

scholarly journals Features of providing broiler chickens with exchange energy and protein as important indicators of productivity and quality of the obtained products

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
L. M. Fijalovych ◽  
Ya.I. Kyryliv ◽  
G. А. Paskevych
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Metabolic Energy

The article deals with the possibility of using feed additives in the feeding of broiler chickens and the peculiarities of their effect on the poultry organism. Contemporary data on the biological role of nutrients and energy in the feeding of broiler chickens are presented. The characteristics of the main feeds for poultry and the ways of reducing their prime cost in the conditions of broiler farms are given. The basic principles of effective feeding of poultry with forages of different content of metabolic energy and crude protein are considered, taking into account their assimilation in the body. Provided compound feed recipes and practical tips. It is established that high growth rate of broiler chickens in the start and groove periods (5–39 days) is provided by high-protein compound feeds – 23% (1–2 weeks), 21% (3–5 weeks) and exchange energy of 298 kcal and 305 kcal, respectively. With further cultivation in the finish forage the protein content in the forage decreases and the level of metabolic energy increases (up to 309 kcal). However, for each cross applies its own technology of cultivation and different rates of nutrients in raw materials. It is clear that effective breeding of broiler chickens is not possible without the proper rationing and use of protein and feed energy. Of course, provided that the supply of biologically active substances also corresponds to the normalized amount. Thus, the quality of poultry products is directly dependent on the quality of feed and the efficiency of transformation of feed energy into products.

scholarly journals Seeds of spring brassica campestris in the diets of chickens-broilers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kosolapov ◽  
Zinaida Zverkova ◽  
Halyaf Ishmuratov ◽  
Bella Osipyan ◽  
Larisa Korovina
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Spring Rape

In order to save soybean meal, sunflower oil and reduce the cost of rations, new sources of raw materials can be used. In modern conditions, attention is drawn to the brassica rapa campestris, the seeds of which can be used as a fat and protein supplement. Experiments were carried out to determine the optimal rate for the introduction of seeds of spring rape variety Nadezhda into compound feed for growing broiler chickens. It has been established that this variety belongs to canola varieties and can be included up to 7% (by weight) in the composition of mixed fodders, does not have a negative effect on the state of the body and the growth rate of broiler chickens. The introduction of seeds of spring rape to 7% in the composition of feed for broiler chickens reduces the use of soybean meal to 4.7% and sunflower oil to 2.3% (relative). The efficiency of conversion to products by group was 61.93 % in the control group and 62.18% to 63.62% in the experimental group, respectively.

scholarly journals Морфологічні особливості деяких органів головної кишки коня

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (77) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
M.M. Stegney
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Sphenoid Bone ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

Complex classical morphological methods of studies were used in investigation. Pneumatic saccus is placed over the dorsal side of the pharynx and aside of it. Extended basis is attached to the ventral surface of the body and alar processes of sphenoid bone. Lateral wall of the pneumatic saccus is connected with the medial stylohyoid by loose connective tissue. In front, the dorsal wall is adjacent to the alar processes of sphenoid bone. Palatine processes of incisive bone are the basis of the hard palate in front part, maxillary palatine processes – in the middle part and horizontal plates of the palatine bones in the back part. Macroscopically tonsils are clusters of lymphoid tissue limited by connective tissue capsule under the epithelium of the tongue, soft palate and pharynx. Oral cavity mucosa in the tonsils area of cattle and small ruminants forms sinuses or numerous folds, which are separated by furrows of tongue and pharyngeal tonsils in other animal species. The cluster of separate lymphoid nodules and diffuse lymphoid tissue located at the root of the tongue between secretory units of serous mucous glands form the lingual tonsils. In the pharyngeal mucosa between secretory units of mucous glands lymphoid nodules of odd pharyngeal tonsil are located. Even palatine tonsils are located caudal to the palatoglossal arch and from sides of the tongue root. In horse diffuse tonsils crypts are located on the side of the tongue. Clusters of lymphoid nodules form tonsils of pharyngeal lymphoid ring. They have crypts, which look like hollow of the epithelium into lamina propria of mucosa, surrounded by lymphoid nodules and diffuse lymphoid tissue. The epithelium of the mucous membrane is flat non-keratinized stratified, infiltrated with lymphoid cells. Lamina propria of mucosa in the tonsil area forms a connective tissue membrane, from which layers of connective tissue with blood vessels depart to the middle. Glands’ secretory units are found in the connective tissue base, glands’ excretory ducts open into the lumen of the crypts. Lymphoid tissue is the basis of parenchyma, which is formed by reticular tissue and lymphoid cells.

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