Genetic Variation and Agronomic Characters of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) Lines Results of Pure Line Selection from Sukabumi Lanras

Bambara groundnut is a legume plant that has several advantages, including droughttolerance, has ability to grow on infertile land and high nutrient content. The production ofbambara groundnut is still low, so it is necessary to obtain high yielding bambara groundnut line.The experiment was conducted to evaluate the genetical variation and agronomic characters of 30bambara groundnut lines. This experiment was carried out in experimental field of SEAMEOBIOTROP Tajur Bogor (± 280 m above sea level), on Februari-June 2018. Plant materials used inthis research were 30 bambara groundnut lines derived from pure line selection of Sukabumilandrace and unselected Sukabumi landrace uses as control. The experiment was arranged in arandomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that there werevariations among several agronomic characters of bambara groundnut lines. Several lines showedsuperior characters. R59.30, A90.8, A41.4, A56.10, A43.5, A103.5, A41.4, A55.8, R59.31 andA28.10 lines were lines with the higest dry pods weight compared to the other lines and controlline. These lines had potential as new superior varieties of bambara groundnut.Keywords: landrace, new superior variety, pure line selection

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Morphological and agronomical characterization and estimates of genetic parameters of sesbania Scop. (Leguminosae) accessions

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47571999000100017 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 81-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E.A. Veasey ◽

E.A. Schammass ◽

R. Vencovsky ◽

P.S. Martins ◽

G. Bandel

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Improvement ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Wood Products ◽

Agronomic Characters ◽

Legume Plant ◽

Biomass Yields ◽

Superior Genotypes

Twenty-two accessions of seven Sesbania (Leguminosae) species: S. emerus, S. rostrata, S. tetraptera, S. exasperata (annuals), S. grandiflora, S. sesban and S. virgata (perennials), used for ruminant fodder, firewood, wood products, soil improvement, and human food, were investigated, with the aim of characterizing both inter- and intraspecific genetic variability, estimating genetic parameters for the characters evaluated and appraising the forage potential of the accessions. These were planted at the Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with 22 treatments and four replications. Seventeen morphological and 17 agronomic characters were evaluated. Genetic parameters coefficient of intraspecific genetic diversity (bi) and coefficient of intraspecific genetic variation (CVgi) were obtained for the species represented by more than one accession. Highly significant differences were observed among as well as within species for most characters, showing considerable genetic variability. S. exasperata showed intraspecific genetic variability for the largest number of morphological characters. The same was observed for S. sesban for the agronomic characters. Most of the characters gave high bi values, above 0.80, indicating the possibility of selecting superior genotypes. The CVgi values, on the other hand, which indicate the magnitude of the existing genetic variability relative to the character mean, varied according to the species and character evaluated. Differences between annual and perennial species were observed, with higher biomass yields presented by the annuals at the first cut and by the perennials after the second cut, reaching the highest yield at the third cut. The annual species had higher seed production. Accession NO 934 of S. sesban gave the highest biomass yields and regrowth vigor, showing promise as a forage legume plant.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF BOTANICAL INSECTICIDE FORMULATIONS AGAINST COCOA POD BORER Conopomorpha cramerella (Snell.)

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.1191-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

La Ode Santiaji Bande ◽

Gusnawaty HS ◽

Mariadi Mariadi ◽

Nuriadi Nuriadi

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Block Design ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Botanical Insecticide ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Synthetic Insecticide ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

Pod Borer ◽

Materials Used ◽

Cashew Nut Shell

Effectiveness of botanical insecticide formulations against cocoa pod borer Conopomorpha cramerella (Snell.). Cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), is a major pest on cocoa plants. The research aimed atfinding out botanical insecticide formulations that are effective against CPB. Plant materials used for preparing the formulations were cashew nut shell (Anacardium occidentale), whiteflower albizia (Albizia saponari), siam weed (Chromolaena odorata), and candle bush (Senna alata) extract. This research was conducted in the field using a randomized complete block design with the following treatments: formulation of cashew nut shell extract, cashew nut shell extract + whiteflower albizia bark extract, cashew nut shell extract + siam weed leaf extract, cashew nut shell extract + candle bush leaf extract, cashew nut shell extract + whiteflower albizia bark extract + siam weed leaf extract + candle bush leaf extract, and a synthetic insecticide formulation containing a mixture of lambda-cyhalotrin 106 g/L and thiametoxam 141 g/L as well as control (without botanical and synthetic insecticide treatment). The concentration of botanical pesticides applied from cashew nut shell extract used was 2.5 mL/L, while from other ingredients 250 mL/L.Variables observed were intensity of CPB infestation, degree of damage to the cocoa seed, and the efficacy of botanical insecticide treatments. The results showed that the test botanical insecticide formulations reduced the intensity of CPB infestation by 48.9–55.3% and the degree of seed damage by 52.3–58.2% compared with control. The efficacy of the test botanical insecticide formulations in controlling CPB was relatively the same when compared to each other, with a range of efficacy of 64.2–71.0%, but was lower than that of the synthetic insecticide formulation (92.8% efficacy). The implication of this research is that botanical insecticide formulations have the prospect of being continuously developed and have the potential to reduce the used of synthetic insecticides.

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Productivity of Brachiaria decumbens in a Mixed-Culture with Pueraria phaseloides in Different Manure and Dolomite Administration Level into Suboptimal Land

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner ◽

10.14334/jitv.v21i4.1562 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 215

Author(s):

Iwan Herdiawan

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

The Other ◽

Productivity Improvement ◽

Brachiaria Decumbens ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Matter Production ◽

Materials Used

Productivity improvement of forage in suboptimal land can be done in various ways, such as through manure and ameliorant treatment. Manure and dolomite is required by soil on suboptimal land, a combination of both can supply nutrients and improve soil biophysics. The research materials used in this study were B. decumbens, Pueraria phaseloides, manure, and dolomite. Randomized Block Design (RBD) in 3x3 factorial was applied. The dose of manure and dolomite are the first and second factors respectively, each treatment has 3 replications times. Variables measured were biomass production, dry matter production, carrying capacity, and nutrient content of forage. Results showed that the highest (P<0.05) biomass production produced by the 10 t/ha manure and 2 ton/ha dolomite treatment by 1,638.94 g/m2 compared to the other treatments, and the lowest was achieved in the control by 543.75 g/m2. Carrying capacity of B. decumbens and P. phaseloides on 10 ton/ha manure was the highest (P<0.05) by 0.08 AU compared to the other treatments. Super dolomite administration by 1 ton/ha significantly (P<0.05) produced the highest carrying capacity by amount of 0.83 AU. Manure and dolomite administration significantly (P<0.05) improved the nutritional content of B. decumbens and P. phaseloides.

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EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE, USE OF QUALITY WASTE AND TEACHERS IN BREAST TANK ON GAS BIO PERFORMANCE

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i4.2021.3788 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 75-83

Author(s):

Mochammad Junus ◽

Firman Jaya ◽

Ustadi ◽

Margomulyo Putra Kurniawan ◽

Yoga Arif Romadhon

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Livestock Waste ◽

Total N ◽

P Elements ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Materials Used

The aim of research to determine the effect of temperature and the use of livestock waste quail (LTP) and waste octopus (LG) in a digester tank is made of plastic curigen to the performance of gas bio production and nutrient content of sludge that is generated. The materials used are LTP and LG. The research method used 1) Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 2) Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The first factor is the waste with 6 treatments are P0: 100% LTP, P1: sludge 90% and 10% LTP LG, P2: sludge 80% LTP, and 20% of LG, P3: s ludge 70% LTP, and 30 LG, P4: LTP and 20% LG, P5: sludge 50% LTP and 50% LG. The second factor with lamps, namely P01: without lamps, P02: use 1 lamp, P03: use 2 lamps. Furthermore, LTP and LG are diluted with water until they reach 7% dry matter and stored in a digestion tank (made of 24 plastic jerry cans with a volume of 25 liters ). The analysis showed that the effects of temperature, the use of LTP and LG have influence which is not significantly different (P > 0.0 1 ) against the pressure, the volume of gas bioand H 2 S. Apart from that, it was also very significant (P <0.01) on the total N content, P elements and K elements, but the highest average total N and K element content was obtained in P0 sludge with a percentage of 100% LTP concentration. The conclusion of this study is that the effect of temperature, LTP, and LG affects the increase in gas bio production but not significantly different and the treatment of LTP and LG affects the increase in nutrient content.

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Genetic control of fruit shelf life and yield in crossbreeding of Sletr1-2 mutant with Indonesian tropical tomatoes

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d221060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Gungun Wiguna ◽

Farida Damayanti ◽

Syariful Mubarok ◽

Hiroshi Ezura ◽

Anas ANAS

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Gene Action ◽

Block Design ◽

Phenotypic Selection ◽

Pure Line ◽

Breeding Strategy ◽

Additive Gene Action ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Line Selection ◽

Fruit Shelf Life

Postharvest losses are a significant concern for tomato breeding associated with their short fruit shelf life. Sletr1-2 is a new ethylene receptor mutant that has a prominent character in a prolonged fruit shelf life. This research aimed to estimate the combining ability of Sletr1-2 mutant and determine the selection method for future breeding associated with the fruit shelf-life and yield. Four lines of tropical tomato, i.e., 'Intan,' 'Mirah,' 'Ratna' and 'Mutiara,' were crossed with the wild type Micro-Tom (WT-MT) and Sletr1-2 mutant tomato using a line x tester mating design. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used to evaluate twelve F1 and their parents. The study revealed significant differences in the GCA of the line and tester but not for SCA. The lines and testers contributed more to total variance than their interaction. 'Intan' and Sletr1-2 mutants had the greatest fruit shelf-life combiners, with additive gene action being the most prevalent. Simple phenotypic selection or pure line selection from selected crosses in advanced generations would be preferable. 'Mutiara' was the best combiner for yield and plant growth, with non-additive gene action was the most common. The breeding strategy that considered dominance, overdominance, and epistasis was preferred.

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Ruminal profile of completed feed as influenced by myristic and tannins addition

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202233500028 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 335 ◽

pp. 00028

Author(s):

Siti Chuzaemi ◽

Iftitah Nuzulia Qur’any

Keyword(s):

Myristic Acid ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Block Design ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Corn Straw ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Materials Used

The study aimed to determine the effect of adding tannin and myristic acid in complete feed on nutrient content and the Profile of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in vitro. The materials used for this research were corn straw, condensed tannins, myristic acid, coffee waste, rice bran, tapioca byproduct, soybean meal, copra meal, and palm kernel meal. The method was used in this experiment was laboratory experiment with four treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of T1 complete feed (40% corn straw + 60% concentrate (be based DM)), T2 (complete feed + condensed tannins 3%/kg DM and myristic acid 2%/kg DM), T3 (complete feed + condensed tannins 3%/kg DM and myristic acid 3%/kg DM), and T4 (complete feed + condensed tannins 3%/kg DM and myristic acid 4%/kg DM). Every treatment was repeated three times and analysed statistically using Randomized Block Design (RBD). The adding of 4% myristic acid to the complete feed (T4) gives the best results, it increased nutrition and propionic acid, but decreased acetic acid, butyric acid, total VFA and C2/C3 ratio.

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Evaluation of Agronomic Traits of Sponge Gourd (Luffa cylindrica) Inbred Lines Under Plastic House in Thua Thien Hue

HUE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT ◽

10.26459/hueuni-jard.v126i3e.4213 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 126 (3E) ◽

Author(s):

Trương Thị Hồng Hải ◽

Nguyễn Thị Diệu Thể ◽

Phan Thu Thảo

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Traits ◽

Pure Line ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Fruit Shape ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Sponge Gourd

In order to establish the pure line of sponge gourd containing aroma feature, we selected the desirable inbred lines by using a self-pollinating method. The present study was investigated to estimate the morphological traits and fruit quality of 6 sponge gourd inbred lines which generated at 4th generation of an aroma Luffa accession B29 under plastic house conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, from May to November in 2016. Five plants per replication were examined. The results indicated that all inbred lines could grow well under plastic house conditions. The inbred lines had the same stem and leaf traits; whereas fruit shape, skin color and fruit veins color were observed differently among inbred lines. The aromatic trait was retained in all inbred lines either before or after cooking. The high yield was found in lines BC1 and BC2 by 10.1 tons/ha and 10.7 tons/ha, respectively. These inbred lines should be examined in open field condition to confirm the presence of aromatic trait and yield potential before completion of the procedures for recognition of new Luffa varieties.

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Influence of Nitrogen and Potassium on Three Zoysiagrasses

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.516b ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 516b-516

Author(s):

James N. McCrimmon

Keyword(s):

Gulf Coast ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Zoysia Japonica ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Color Quality ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Color Density ◽

Minimal Research ◽

Micronutrient Fertilizer

Zoysiagrass has great potential for use in the Gulf Coast states as a turfgrass. There has been minimal research on the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertility response of zoysiagrass and the effect on turf color, quality, and nutrient content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N and K fertility on zoysiagrass. A study was conducted on three zoysiagrasses: Zoysia japonica × Z. tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin. (`Emerald'); Z. japonica Steud. (`Meyer'); and Z. matrella. The N and K treatment combinations consisted of high (H) and low (L) rates of N and K at the following levels: N levels of 454 and 227 g N/92.9 m2 per month and K levels of 454 and 227 g N/92.9 m2 per month. The treatment combinations were (N and K): HH, HL, LH, and LL and were applied in two split applications monthly from July through November. The study was a randomized complete-block design with three replications. All plots received two applications of a micronutrient fertilizer (late June and August), were irrigated as needed, and maintained at a height of 3.8 cm. Color, density, texture, uniformity, and quality were determined visually for each month. Plant tissue samples were collected (September) and analyzed for macronutrient and micronutrient contents. There were significant differences for color, density, and quality in the following months: September (color and density); October (quality); and November (color and quality). There were differences in leaf texture for all months. There were significant differences for N, magnesium (Mg), and K contents but there were no differences for any micronutrient. This study indicated that all three zoysiagrasses provided acceptable color and quality during the summer and fall, and that N and K rates affected N, K, and Mg contents in the plant.

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Analysis of Quality of Backyard Compost and Its Potential Utilization as a Circular Bio-Waste Source

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11104392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 4392

Author(s):

Apolka Ujj ◽

Kinga Percsi ◽

Andras Beres ◽

Laszlo Aleksza ◽

Fernanda Ramos Diaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Basic Education ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Weed Seed ◽

Quality Properties ◽

Seed Dispersion ◽

Materials Used

The use and quality analysis of household compost have become very important issues in recent years due to the increasing interest in local food production and safe, self-produced food. The phenomenon was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine period, which gave new impetus to the growth of small home gardens. However, the knowledge associated with making high-quality compost is often lacking in home gardeners. Therefore, the objective of this research was to find answers to the following questions: can the quality of backyard compost be considered safe in terms of toxicity and nutrient content? Can weed seed dispersion affect the usability of backyard compost? In general, can the circulation of organic matter be increased with the spread of home composting? In this study, 16 different house composts were analysed for stability, weed seed contamination, toxic elements, and nutrient content using analysis of variance. The results of the research showed that the quality properties of the composts (including their weed seed dispersion effect) were greatly influenced by the different techniques and raw materials used. The toxicity levels, as well as the content of macro and microelements, were within the parameters of safe-quality compost. The specific macronutrient (Ca, Mg) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn) contents of the tested composts have a similar and, in some cases, more favorable nutrient supply capacity in crop production than the frequently-used cow manure-based composts. With a plan of basic education on composting, there is potential to encourage farmyard composting.

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