Trade of Medicinal Plants and Herbal Products with Teratogenic Potential and their Consumption during Pregnancy

Background: Among non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in global communities. By 2030, CVD-related deaths are projected to reach a global rise of 25 million. Obesity, smoking, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperhomocysteinemia are several known risk factors for CVDs. Elevated homocysteine is tightly related to CVDs through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation of the vascular endothelium. The strategies for appropriate management of CVDs are constantly evolving; medicinal plants have received remarkable attention in recent researches, since these natural products have promising effects on the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. The effects of nutraceuticals and herbal products on CVD/dyslipidemia have been previously studied. However, to our knowledge, the association between herbal bioactive compounds and homocysteine has not been reviewed in details. Thus, the main objective of this study is to review the efficacy of bioactive natural compounds on homocysteine levels according to clinical trials and animal studies. Results: Based on animal studies, black and green tea, cinnamon, resveratrol, curcumin, garlic extract, ginger, and soy significantly reduced the homocysteine levels. According to the clinical trials, curcumin and resveratrol showed favorable effects on serum homocysteine. In conclusion, this review highlighted the beneficial effects of medicinal plants as natural, inexpensive, and accessible agents on homocysteine levels based on animal studies. Nevertheless, the results of the clinical trials were not uniform, suggesting that more well-designed trials are warranted.

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Condensed tannins in extracts from European medicinal plants and herbal products

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis ◽

10.1016/j.jpba.2015.12.034 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 121 ◽

pp. 225-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Honorata M. Ropiak ◽

Aina Ramsay ◽

Irene Mueller-Harvey

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Herbal Products

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Medicinal Plants and Natural Products, More Effective and Safer Pharmacological Treatment for the Management of Obesity

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200222666210729114456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Harsha Negi ◽

Meenakshi Gupta ◽

Ramanpreet Walia ◽

Moayad Khataibeh ◽

Maryam Sarwat

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Side Effects ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Pancreatic Lipase ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Herbal Plants ◽

New Compounds

: Obesity is a major lifestyle disorder and it is correlated with several ailments. The prevalence of obesity has elevated over the years and it has become a global health problem. The drugs presently used for managing obesity have several side-effects associated with them such as diarrhoea, leakage of oily stools, etc. On the contrary, herbal plants and natural products are considered safe for use because they have lesser side effects. New compounds isolated from medicinal plants are screened and identified to determine their effectiveness and potential in preventing abnormal weight gain. In this review, the medicinal plants and natural materials were surveyed across the literature to cover those that have potential for managing and controlling weight gain, and their mechanism of action, active component, and experimental methodologies are also included. These herbal products can be developed as formulations for therapeutic use in obesity. The herbal plants mentioned in the review are classified based on their mechanism of action: inhibition of pancreatic lipase and appetite suppression activities. The ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme has been used to determine the effectiveness of herbal products for the prevention of abnormal weight gain because of its action on dietary fat and suppression of appetite. This review is an attempt to summarize the herbal plants and natural products that can be used to develop formulations effective in controlling weight gain and obesity.

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Evaluation of the effects and side effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in medicinal plants

Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal ◽

10.18502/tbsrj.v1i4.2243 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hamed Fathi ◽

Mohammad Azadbakht ◽

Niusha Esmaealzadeh

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽

Physiological Activity ◽

Polar Compounds ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Body Tissues ◽

The World ◽

Library Resources ◽

Medicinal Properties

Medicinal plants are rich in secondary metabolites, the most important of which are alkaloids. Alkaloids are organic compounds that have diverse structural and physiological activity. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are non-polar compounds that have side effects and harmful effects especially hepatotoxicity in addition to its medicinal properties. Therefore, due to the presence of these materials in some medicinal plants and the importance of these materials and consumption of plants, and monitoring and more precision in these cases, this study was carried out. In this paper, the information have been collected from electronic library resources and from reputable sites such as Google Scholar and Scopus, PubMed, ISI (Web of Science), and the related keywords, which was the benchmark for the period between 1991 and 2019, and about 90 articles and non-electronic resources for pyrolyzidine alkaloids, Medicinal plants, their effects, and their experiences and experiences were evaluated. Pyrrolizidine alkoxides in some dark Vegetable plants such as Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Orchidoceae, Boraginaceae family have been reported. Consumption of herbal products has been commonplace from centuries ago and is vital importance in various parts of the world, today. Many alkaloids are mutagenic and carcinogenic to humans. PAS-containing plants are present in most parts of the world and cause poisoning and damage to humans, livestock and wildlife.Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are found in some plants, can be harmed to body tissues, important properties and medicinal effects, of course, have also been reported, which requires it to be used for studying, knowing and recognizing the structure, organs and plants.

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Metabolomics of Medicinal Plants - A Versatile Tool for Standardization of Herbal Products and Quality Evaluation of Ayurvedic Formulations

Current Science ◽

10.18520/cs/v111/i10/1624-1630 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 111 (10) ◽

pp. 1624 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Pulok K. Mukherjee ◽

Ranjit K. Harwansh ◽

Shiv Bahadur ◽

Sayan Biswas ◽

Lalitha N. Kuchibhatla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Quality Evaluation ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Versatile Tool

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Medicinal Plants from North and Central America and the Caribbean Considered Toxic for Humans: The Other Side of the Coin

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/9439868 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro ◽

Fabiola Domínguez ◽

Alan Joel Ruiz-Padilla ◽

Nimsi Campos-Xolalpa ◽

Juan Ramón Zapata-Morales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Central America ◽

Limited Information ◽

Argemone Mexicana ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Toxicological Effects ◽

The Past ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Bibliographic Search ◽

The Caribbean

The consumption of medicinal plants has notably increased over the past two decades. People consider herbal products as safe because of their natural origin, without taking into consideration whether these plants contain a toxic principle. This represents a serious health problem. A bibliographic search was carried out using published scientific material on native plants from Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, which describe the ethnobotanical and toxicological information of medicinal plants empirically considered to be toxic. A total of 216 medicinal plants belonging to 77 families have been reported as toxic. Of these plants, 76 had been studied, and 140 plants lacked studies regarding their toxicological effects. The toxicity of 16 plants species has been reported in clinical cases, particularly in children. From these plants, deaths have been reported with the consumption ofChenopodium ambrosioides,Argemone mexicana, andThevetia peruviana. In most of the cases, the principle of the plant responsible for the toxicity is unknown. There is limited information about the toxicity of medicinal plants used in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. More toxicological studies are necessary to contribute information about the safe use of the medicinal plants cited in this review.

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An Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Used as Anti-Inflammatory Remedies in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2018/9395052 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mayuri Tharanga Napagoda ◽

Thamudi Sundarapperuma ◽

Diroshi Fonseka ◽

Sachinthi Amarasiri ◽

Prabath Gunaratna

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Ethnobotanical Study ◽

Importance Value ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Family Importance Value

The application of traditional medicinal plants as anti-inflammatory remedies has been practiced in Sri Lanka for thousands of years. Although there is a rich reserve of indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants, the preservation and the scientific validation of these claims are still in its infancy. Thus, the study was carried out in one of the administrative areas of Sri Lanka known as Gampaha District to assess the significance and contribution of medicinal plants in inflammatory conditions. The data were collected through semistructured and open-ended interviews from 458 volunteers. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using the relative frequency of citation (RFC), family importance value (FIV), and use value (UV). Out of the total participants, 50.7% claimed the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of inflammatory conditions such as fever, cough, asthma, swellings, and pain in the joints. A total of 43 medicinal plants belonging to 28 plant families were mentioned, out of which Coriandrum sativum (RFC = 0.23) was the most cited species. The most cited plant family was Fabaceae, and the family importance value was highest in Apiaceae. The majority of the nonusers of the herbal remedies mentioned that they would shift to herbal products if scientific information is available on the efficacy of these products.

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Medication Consumption Patterns and Polypharmacy among Community-Dwelling Elderly in Lomé (Togo) in 2017

Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research ◽

10.1155/2020/4346035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Fifonsi A. Gbeasor-Komlanvi ◽

Wendpouiré I. C. Zida-Compaore ◽

Ikpindi H. Dare ◽

Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽

Tchin P. Darre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Drug Interactions ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

African Region ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Medication Consumption

Background. In the sub-Saharan African, region of the world with a fast growing aging population and where the use of herbal products is very common, there is a paucity of data on medication consumption patterns among elderly people. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of polypharmacy and its associated factors among community-dwelling elderly in Lomé, Togo, in 2017. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2017 in Lomé, Togo among people aged 60 years and older. The Respondent Driven Sampling method was used to recruit participants. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and medication consumption patterns, including the use of medicinal plants and dietary supplements, were collected using a standardized questionnaire during a face-to-face interview at participants’ home. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results. A total of 370 participants with median age 65 years, (IQR: 62–71) were enrolled in the study. Almost three elderly in five (57.6%) were multimorbid (had two or more chronic diseases). Conventional drugs (78.4%), medicinal plants (14.3%) and other dietary supplements (9.5%) were used by participants. The prevalence of polypharmacy was 22.7% (95% CI: 18.5–27.3%). Concurrent use of conventional drugs and medicinal plants or other dietary supplements was observed among 17.0% of participants and 67.3% reported self-medication. Multimorbidity (aOR = 4.55; 95% CI: [2.42–8.54]) and female sex (aOR = 1.86; 95% CI: [1.00–3.47]) were associated with polypharmacy. Conclusion. One elderly in five uses five or more medications in Togo. Further studies are needed to assess drug-drug interactions and herb-drug interactions among this population.

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Recent Advances in Standardization of Herbal Drugs

Current Traditional Medicine ◽

10.2174/2215083805666190613141613 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 278-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anjoo Kamboj ◽

Ishtdeep Kaur ◽

Narinder Kaur

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Principal Component ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Hyphenated Techniques ◽

Raw Data ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Metabolic Fingerprint

Background: Herbal drugs play a significant role to maintain the human healthiness and to treat the ailments since the dawn of civilization. Moreover, these plants have provided many lead compounds that culminated in modern medicine. A single herb is regarded as mini-combinatorial library of phytoconstituents hence the quality control of herbal drugs in an herbal formulation is not an easy task because a number of factors impact their pharmacological efficiency and consistent therapeutic effects. Hence, to provide consistent beneficial therapeutic effects, standardized herbal products of consistent quality and purity are required. Methods: This review is based on publications obtained by a selective search in PubMed using the keywords “Standardized herbal products”, “fingerprinting”, “authentication”, “chemometric, hyphenated techniques”, “quality control of herbal drugs”, “identification”. Results: In the era of modernization, chromatographic techniques coupled with sophisticated spectroscopic analytical methods are used in estimating the authenticity, identity and characteristic of herbal products. Further, with the advancement of computer technology, chemometrics methods have become a leading tool with an unsupervised pattern recognition technique for handling multivariate data without prior knowledge about the studied samples and mines more beneficial and valuable information about the chemical entities from the raw data. Conclusion: Standardization of HDs chromatographic fingerprint is not always a perfect way to present all compounds. To assess the quality of medicinal plants, new ways are regularly being explored such as combination chemical fingerprint with biological methods, biofingerprint and metabolic fingerprint quality metrology, pharmacodynamics and export system of medicinal plants have been researched in some groups but still a significant amount of work is required to achieve a perfect system for quality evaluation of herbal drugs. Further, novel chemometric techniques have been unfolded that mines more beneficial and valuable information about the chemical entities from the raw data. So this review emphasis mainly on hyphenated techniques associated with chemometric method used in herbal drugs for identifying more valuable information and various methods for providing data, among which most commonly used techniques are chemometric resolution method and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method.

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Pharmocognostical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Stem of Artabotrys odoratissimus.(roxb.)R.Br.(Annonaceae)

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v12i1.4185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 815-821

Author(s):

Saritha Kodithal ◽

Murali R ◽

Srinivasan N

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Fluorescence Analysis ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Plant Origin ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Crude Drug ◽

Normal Man ◽

Plant Compounds

Medicinal plants constitute the major bioactive compounds of most indigenous medicines and a large number of medicinal preparations which contain one or more ingredients of plant origin. The worldwide enthusiasm for the study and practice on herbs has in this manner, significantly expanded during the most recent two decades due to developing mindfulness about the quality and symptoms of manufactured medications, their impediments in numerous zones of treatment, nearly significant expense and regularly tranquilize past the range of normal man. For thousands of years people have utilized herbs for health care. The herbal products today symbolize safety in contrast to the synthetics that are regarded as unsafe to human and environment. Pharmacognostical studies help in the identification and authentication of the plant compounds isolated from various parts of plants. Stem bark of Artabotrys odoratissimus were studied by macroscopical, microscopical, physicochemical, phytochemical, fluorescence analysis of powder and other methods for standardization recommended by WHO. The pharmacognostic characters investigated, will help in identification of the crude drug; the standardization parameters set down will guarantee the viability of medication and furthermore recognize the medication from its adulterants. The particular characters will moreover be valuable for the arrangement of monograph of this plant.

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