The place of Tatar Muslims from Volga in the framework of educational process in the Azerbaijan SSR in 1920s (from the Archives in the Republic of Azerbaijan)

The article deals with the role of Muslim Tatars, which they played in the educational system of the Azerbaijan SSR. This is the first attempt to present a detailed picture of the wide range of activities as they come from various archival sources, such as opening of secondary schools and preschool institutions of Volga Tatars in Azerbaijan, the principles and routine of arranging teaching in the Tatar language as well as training the Tatar nationals to become teachers. Among the sources used to write this research paper are the materials from the State Archive of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Archives of Political Parties and Public Movements of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, as well as some already published documents. The research has shown that the major influx of the Tatar nationals in Azerbaijan did happen in 1921–1922 mainly because of the famine in the Volga region. They refugees were provided with everything necessary: housing, work, the opportunity to learn in their native language. The problems that arose in the course of re-settlement of the Tatars were solved promptly and the whole process of their solving was controlled by the governmental bodies. The Azerbaijan communists considered the process of the Tatar adaptation as an important issue of their policy. The Tatars were continued to be educated within the framework of their national culture. The vehicle of education was the Tatar language. According to the statistical data from that period the literacy level among the Tatars was traditionally very high. To preserve it the Azerbaijani state made various efforts, including the arrangement of supply the Tatar schools with teaching aids in Tatar language. The state was interested in the high level of the public education and supported it.

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Securitisation gaps: Towards ideational understandings of state weakness

European Journal of International Security ◽

10.1017/eis.2021.13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Kevork Oskanian

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Collective Knowledge ◽

State Action ◽

Role Of The State ◽

Wide Range ◽

State And Society ◽

Interpretive Approach ◽

Recent Developments ◽

The Republic

Abstract This article contributes a securitisation-based, interpretive approach to state weakness. The long-dominant positivist approaches to the phenomenon have been extensively criticised for a wide range of deficiencies. Responding to Lemay-Hébert's suggestion of a ‘Durkheimian’, ideational-interpretive approach as a possible alternative, I base my conceptualisation on Migdal's view of state weakness as emerging from a ‘state-in-society's’ contested ‘strategies of survival’. I argue that several recent developments in Securitisation Theory enable it to capture this contested ‘collective knowledge’ on the state: a move away from state-centrism, the development of a contextualised ‘sociological’ version, linkages made between securitisation and legitimacy, and the acknowledgment of ‘securitisations’ as a contested Bourdieusian field. I introduce the concept of ‘securitisation gaps’ – divergences in the security discourses and practices of state and society – as a concept aimed at capturing this contested role of the state, operationalised along two logics (reactive/substitutive) – depending on whether they emerge from securitisations of the state action or inaction – and three intensities (latent, manifest, and violent), depending on the extent to which they involve challenges to state authority. The approach is briefly illustrated through the changing securitisation gaps in the Republic of Lebanon during the 2019–20 ‘October Uprising’.

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Monopoly of State-Owned Enterprise of Social Justice

Pattimura Law Journal ◽

10.47268/palau.v1i2.91 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Rory Jeff Akyuwen

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Economic Activities ◽

High Quality ◽

The Public ◽

The People ◽

Role Of The State ◽

General Benefit ◽

The Republic ◽

The Right

The role of the state through BUMN becomes so important when it is formulated in a provision as formulated in Article 33 Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia, where the production branches which are important for the State and which affect the livelihood of the public must be controlled by Country. Here it indicates the authority of the State to participate in economic activities through the operation of production branches that can be categorized as important for the State and considered vital and strategic for the interest of the State.This is based on the reasons as formulated in the explanatory section of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia, so that the benefits of the production branches do not fall into the hands of individuals, the State actively takes the role to cultivate it because the production branch is considered important and which control the livelihood of the people for the greatest prosperity of the people. State-Owned Enterprises is formed with the aim of contributing to the development of the national economy in general and the state's revenue in particular; The pursuit of profit; To hold general benefit in the form of providing goods and / or services of high quality and adequate for the fulfillment of the livelihood of the public; Pioneering business activities that have not yet been implemented by the private sector and cooperatives and actively providing guidance and assistance to weak economic entrepreneurs, cooperatives, and communities.SOEs are given the right to monopoly in the economic field which is considered to control the livelihood of many people.

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PERAN BHABINKAMTIBMAS SERTA MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN GANGGUAN KEAMANAN DAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DI KABUPATEN LABUHANBATU

JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI ◽

10.36987/jiad.v8i2.1863 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 82-89

Author(s):

Wahyu Simon Tampubolon

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Social Life ◽

Law Enforcement Officers ◽

The State ◽

The Public ◽

The Republic ◽

National Police ◽

And Control ◽

Mutual Agreement

The Indonesian National Police is directly responsible under the President. The police carry out police duties throughout Indonesia. The police are one of the foremost persons of society, the role of the police at this time is as a guardian of security and order as well as law enforcement officers in society related to criminal law, the police are able to carry out their duties professionally, where their birth originates from the community, according to their needs and desires they. This is done in order to create a situation and conditions that are safe, orderly, serene, and peaceful in social life, which then develops in accordance with developments and changes in state conditions. The National Police, which started from the public side, is now on the side of the state, which has a role to face and control the community itself. Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia, the duties, authorities and rights of the police, in which Article 2 the function of the National Police is to maintain security and public order (kamtibmas).In accordance with the philosophical foundation of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is Pancasila which is the basis of our country, especially the fourth principle "Democracy led by Wisdom in Deliberation / Representation". The fourth precept of this Pancasila, requires that the resolution of disputes, conflicts or cases be carried out through deliberation to reach a consensus which is embraced by a family spirit. This means that any dispute, conflict or case that needs to be built through negotiation or peace procedures between the disputing parties to reach a mutual agreement. Initially court mediation tended to be facultative or voluntary (voluntary), but now it leads to imperative or future (mandatory).Keywords: Bhabinkamtibmas, Society, disturbance, dispute resolution

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Monopoly of State-Owned Enterprise of Social Justice

Pattimura Law Journal ◽

10.47268/palau.v1i2.2016.91 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Rory Jeff Akyuwen

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

Economic Activities ◽

High Quality ◽

The Public ◽

The People ◽

Role Of The State ◽

General Benefit ◽

The Republic ◽

The Right

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Raising The Morale Of Young People In The Neighborhoods (As An Example Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan)

The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations ◽

10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue02-36 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 221-230

Author(s):

Dilshodbek Tursunboyevich Komilov ◽

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

New Technologies ◽

The State ◽

Educational Process ◽

The Political ◽

Cyber Threats ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Future ◽

The Republic ◽

Intellectual Potential

In this article has been analyzed highly raising the morale of young people in the neighborhoods by the scientific literatures. Also, the wide range of opportunities created for young people in Uzbekistan today is commendable and people can see in the educational process that the state pays special attention to young people at the political level in educating them in a cultured, spiritual and enlightened way. Particular attention is paid to raising the intellectual potential, consciousness and worldview of young people, strengthening ideological immunity, upbringing a harmoniously developed generation living with a sense of patriotism and loyalty. Since the future of any state depends directly on the youth, we too cannot remain indifferent to the upbringing and enlightenment of our youth. Therefore, the time demands that we all rely on such an honorable and responsible work, to bring up young people as mature, enlightened people in all respects. In today's era of globalization, we need to teach young people how to properly use new technologies, how to protect themselves from cyber threats as well.

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ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL MECHANISMS OF PARTICIPATION OF RUSSIAN REGIONS IN ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY: EXPERIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

Vestnik BIST (Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies) ◽

10.47598/2078-9025-2020-3-48-7-13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 97 (3(48)) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Radik Gimatdinov ◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Legal Aspects ◽

The State ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Federal States ◽

Economic Diplomacy ◽

Sustainable Economic Development ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Republic

Economic diplomacy covers a wide range of issues related to the development of optimal ways to ensure sustainable economic development, the implementation of innovative ideas and initiatives, increasing the effectiveness of partnerships between states. In this regard, it is of interest to consider the issue of the role of the subjects of federal states in the sphere of economic diplomacy. Based on the experience of the Republic of Tatarstan, the article examines the organizational and legal aspects of the participation of Russian regions in the implementation of economic and diplomatic activities of the state.

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ANALYSIS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA ACCORDING TO THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION

European Journal of Business and Economics ◽

10.12955/ejbe.v8i4.419 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Kostadinka Cabuleva ◽

Emilija Miteva-Kacarski ◽

Marina Radosavlajevik-Bojceva

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Labour Market ◽

Educational Process ◽

University Education ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

The Public ◽

Republic Of Macedonia ◽

The Republic ◽

Lower Secondary Education

The current educational system has to prepare the students for professions which should develop tomorrow. The key role of education at this moment in time ought to be the ability to predict the changes and to adapt to them successfully. The final resultant of the educational process is the acquisition of skills which will enable the pupils or students to adapt to the labour market quickly and easily. The connection of education with the labour market is the principal aim of the economy being based on knowledge.In this paper, we make an effort to create an analytic framework for the representation of the educational profiles at the labour market in the Republic of Macedonia. The data contained in the analysis points out to the fact that out of the total number of employees according to their education in the period of 2001-2012, the biggest per cent of employees belongs to the ones with secondary education (three-year and four-year secondary education). In 2001, this percentile participation was 49.6% whereas in 2012, this per cent increased to 53.6%. The second position is being taken up by the employees with primary and lower secondary education (25.42% in 2001). However, as a result of the fact the employment rate had been reducing year by year, in 2012, it was 18.53%. The employees with university education are taking up the third position. In 2001, the percentile participation of employees with university education was 10.53% whereas in 2012, it was 21.6%. This trend is due to the dispersed studies in a large number of towns in the Republic of Macedonia, which have led to increase in the number of graduates. Having in mind this analysis, the public educational institutions are facing the challenge to alter their current structure, to bring about a new structural change and to develop an organizational structure which will be compatible with the general changes at the labour market.

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THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

EurasianUnionScientists ◽

10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.1.79.1032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽

pp. 12-18

Author(s):

G. Bubyreva

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

The State ◽

Educational Process ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Family ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Government ◽

The Individual ◽

The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process. The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

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Evolution of the public administration system. The Republic of Estonia

Public Administration ◽

10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-4-82-118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 82-118

Author(s):

YANA TOOM ◽

◽

VALENTINA V. KOMLEVA ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Administration ◽

Administration System ◽

The Public ◽

Administrative Reforms ◽

Social Sphere ◽

External Threats ◽

The Social ◽

The Republic

The article studies the main stages and features of the evolution of the public administration system in the Republic of Estonia after 1992. This paper presents brief geographical and socio-economic characteristics that largely determine the development of the country’s public administration. The evolution of the institution of the presidency, executive, and legislative powers are considered. The role of parliament and mechanisms for coordinating the interests of different groups of the population for the development of the country is especially emphasized. The authors analyze the state and administrative reforms of recent years, which were aimed at improving the quality of services provided to the population, increasing the competitiveness of different parts of Estonia, as well as optimizing public spending and management structure. The introduction of digital technologies into the sphere of public administration, healthcare, education, and the social sphere is of a notable place. Such phenomena as e-residency, e-federation, and other digital projects are considered. The development of a digital system of interstate interaction between Estonia and Finland made it possible to create the world’s first e-federation, and the digitization of all strategically important information and its transfer to cloud storage speaks of the creation of the world’s first e-residency, a special residence of data outside the country’s borders to ensure digital continuity and statehood in the event of critical malfunctions or external threats.

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The SORS Decision-Making Support System: A statistical tool for better policy making in the Republic of Serbia

Statistical Journal of the IAOS ◽

10.3233/sji-200703 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Miladin Kovačević ◽

Katarina Stančić

Keyword(s):

Policy Making ◽

Modern Society ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Public Debate ◽

Statistical Tool ◽

The Public ◽

System A ◽

The Republic ◽

Trusted Data

Modern society is witnessing a data revolution which necessarily entails changes to the overall behavior of citizens, governments and companies. This is a big challenge and an opportunity for National Statistics Offices (NSOs). Especially after the outbreak of COVID-19, when the public debate about the number of mortalities and tested and infected persons escalated, trusted data is required more than ever. Which data can modern society trust? Are modern societies being subjected to opinion rather than fact? This paper introduces a new statistical tool to facilitate policy-making based on trusted statistics. Using economic indicators to illustrate implementation, the new statistical tool is shown to be a flexible instrument for analysis, monitoring and evaluation of the economic situation in the Republic of Serbia. By taking a role in public policy management, the tool can be used to transform the NSO’s role in the statistical system into an active participant in public debate in contrast to the previous traditional, usually passive role of collecting, processing and publishing data. The tool supports the integration of statistics into public policies and connects the knowledge and expertise of official statisticians on one side with political decision makers on the other.

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