scholarly journals A relação entre o criticismo do treinador e a ansiedade dos atletas: O papel do mindfulness e do autojulgamento

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aim: The sample included 184 adolescent athletes (150 boys and 34 girls), aged between 12 and 18 years old, who completed a protocol of self-report instruments assessing sports anxiety (SAS-2), the perception of coach’s critical attitudes (APoCCAS), mindfulness (CAMM) and self-compassion (SCS). Method: The sample included 184 adolescent athletes (150 boys and 34 girls), aged between 12 and 18 years old, who completed a protocol of self-report instruments assessing sports anxiety (SAS-2), the perception of coach’s critical attitudes (APoCCAS), mindfulness (CAMM) and self-compassion (SCS). Results: Sports anxiety showed a positive association with critical coach attitudes and self-judgment and a negative association with mindfulness. Mindfulness revealed a negative association with self-judgment and the athletes’ perception of the coach’s critical attitudes. Self-judgment was positively associated with the athletes’ perception of the coach’s critical attitudes. The regression model explained 45% of the variance in sports anxiety, with mindfulness and self-judgment being the only predictors. Path analysis results indicated that the athlete’s mindfulness and self-judgment fully mediated the effect of the athletes’ perception of the coach’s critical attitudes on sports anxiety. Conclusions: Results suggest that athletes who perceive more critical attitudes from the coach, who have more self-judgmental attitudes, and fewer mindfulness skills tend to have higher levels of sports anxiety. The present study is innovative in showing how these variables are associated, suggesting that the development of mindfulness skills and the reduction of self-judgmental attitudes can help decrease the impact of the coach’s critical attitudes on competitive anxiety.

scholarly journals The Feasibility, Effectiveness, and Process of Change of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Adults With ADHD: A Mixed-Method Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotte Janssen ◽  
Alicia M. de Vries ◽  
Sevket Hepark ◽  
Anne E. M. Speckens
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
Self Compassion

Objective: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a promising psychosocial intervention for adult ADHD. The feasibility and effectiveness of an adapted MBCT program is explored, together with the possible process of change. Method: Mixed-method study with 31 ADHD patients participating in an adapted MBCT program. Self-report questionnaires on ADHD symptoms, executive functioning, mindfulness skills, self-compassion, patient functioning, and health status were administered before and after MBCT. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 patients. Results: A modest drop-out of n = 5 (16%) was found. MBCT resulted in a significant reduction of ADHD symptoms and improvements of executive functioning, self-compassion, and mental health. Qualitative analysis provided insight in facilitators and barriers participants experienced, and their process of change. Conclusion: The adapted MBCT program seemed to be feasible for adults with ADHD and preliminary evidence for the effectiveness is shown. An adequately powered Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) is needed to further examine the effectiveness of MBCT for ADHD.

scholarly journals Cultivating the compassionate self against depression: An exploration of processes of change

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S356-S356 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Matos ◽  
J. Duarte ◽  
C. Duarte ◽  
J. Pinto-Gouveia ◽  
P. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionCompassion and self-compassion can be protective factors against mental health difficulties, in particular depression. The cultivation of the compassionate self, associated with a range of practices such as slow and deeper breathing, compassionate voice tones and facial expressions, and compassionate focusing, is central to compassion focused therapy (Gilbert, 2010). However, no study has examined the processes of change that mediate the impact of compassionate self-cultivation practices on depressive symptoms.AimsThe aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a brief compassionate self training (CST) intervention on depressive symptoms, and explore the psychological processes that mediate the change at post intervention.MethodsUsing a longitudinal design, participants (general population and college students) were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: Compassionate self training (n = 56) and wait-list control (n = 37). Participants in the CST condition were instructed to practice CST exercises for 15 minutes everyday or in moments of stress during two weeks. Self-report measures of depression, self-criticism, shame and compassion, were completed at pre and post in both conditions.ResultsResults showed that, at post-intervention, participants in the CST condition decreased depression, self-criticism and shame, and increased self-compassion and openness to receive compassion from others. Mediation analyses revealed that changes in depression from pre to post intervention were mediated by decreases in self-criticism and shame, and increases in self-compassion and openness to the compassion from others.ConclusionsThese findings support the efficacy of compassionate self training components on lessening depressive symptoms and promoting mental health.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Emotional recovery following divorce: Will the real self-compassion please stand up?

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110472
Author(s):  
Ronald F Chau ◽  
Widyasita N Sawyer ◽  
Jeff Greenberg ◽  
Matthias R Mehl ◽  
David A Sbarra
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stream Of Consciousness ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Final Study ◽  
Emotional Recovery ◽  
Real Self

Self-compassion is a positive psychological construct associated with heightened well-being, but the construct is largely measured via self-report. In a study of divorcing adults ( N = 120), we sought to replicate and extend prior research on the association between self-rated and observed self-compassion, the linguistic cues associated with self-rated and observed self-compassion, and the predictive utility of observed self-compassion. Untrained observers rated participants’ stream-of-consciousness recordings about their marriage and separation experience. We found adequate consensus among raters of observed self-compassion and a significant, positive association between self-rated and observed self-compassion. Greater self- and observer-rated self-compassion were associated with less distress at baseline; however, only observed self-compassion was associated with less distress at the final study assessment. Discussion centers on the cues observers use to perceive self-compassion in others and the extent to which behavioral manifestations of affect may shape such ratings.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Severity of Hearing Loss and Subjective Tinnitus Loudness among Patients Seen in a Specialist Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Clinic in UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Richard Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractHearing loss is often associated with the phantom sound of tinnitus. However, the degree of the association between severity of hearing loss and tinnitus loudness taking into account the impact of other variables (e.g., emotional disturbances) is not fully understood. This is an important question for audiologists who are specialized in tinnitus rehabilitation as patients often ask whether the loudness of their tinnitus will increase if their hearing gets worse.To explore the relationship between tinnitus loudness and pure tone hearing thresholds.This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.445 consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in UK were included.The results of audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Multiple-regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between tinnitus loudness, hearing loss and other variables.The regression model showed a significant relationship between the pure tone average (PTA) at the frequencies 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz of the better ear and the tinnitus loudness as measured via visual analogue scale (VAS), r (regression coefficient) = 0.022 (p < 0.001). Other variables significantly associated with tinnitus loudness were tinnitus annoyance (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and the effect of tinnitus on life (r = 0.09, p = 0.006). The regression model explained 52% of the variance of tinnitus loudness.Although increased tinnitus loudness was associated with worse PTA, the relationship was very weak. Tinnitus annoyance and impact of tinnitus on life were more strongly correlated with tinnitus loudness than PTA.

scholarly journals A pragmatic study of the impact of a brief mindfulness intervention on prisoners and staff in a Category B prison and men subject to community-based probation supervision

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Davies ◽  
Pamela Ugwudike ◽  
Hayley Anne Young ◽  
Chloe Hurrell ◽  
Peter Raynor
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Offender Rehabilitation ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Physiological Measurement ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
Probation Supervision ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Staff Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact

Background: Mindfulness has received increased research attention in recent years and has been shown to have a positive impact on stress and impulsivity. This paper presents two studies assessing the impact of mindfulness in prison and non-custodial settings.Method: Study 1 - prisoners (n=44) and staff (n=25) in a UK prison attended a mindfulness programme; 16 individuals acted as a single time point comparison. Data were collected using self-report, computer based and physiological measurement. Study 2 - men under community probation supervision were allocated to mindfulness (n=44) or TAU (n=27). Data were collected using self-report mindfulness measures.Results: Study 1 - statistically significant increases in mindfulness skills and cognitive control along with significant decreases in stress were found. In study 2, the mindfulness group showed non significant improvements in mindfulness skills. Conclusions: The findings suggest brief mindfulness interventions could make an important contribution to offender rehabilitation and custodial staff wellbeing.

scholarly journals Smoking Prevalence and COVID-19 in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1646-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Tsigaris ◽  
Jaime A Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Policy Enactment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction This ecological study investigates the association between smoking prevalence and COVID-19 occurrence and mortality in 38 European nations as of May 30, 2020. Methods Data were collected from Our World in Data. Regression analysis was conducted to adjust for potential confounding factors such as economic activity (gross domestic product), the rate of COVID-19 testing, and the stringency of COVID-19 control policies. Results There was a statistically significant negative association between smoking prevalence and the prevalence of COVID-19 across the 38 European nations after controlling for confounding factors (p = 0.001). A strong association was found between the prevalence of COVID-19 per million people and economic activity (p = 0.002) and the rate of COVID-19 testing (p = 0.0006). Nations with stricter policy enactment showed fewer COVID-19 cases per million people, but the association was not significant (p = 0.122). Delaying policy enactment was associated with a greater prevalence of COVID-19 (p = 0.0535). Evidence of a direct association between smoking prevalence and COVID-19 mortality was not found (p = 0.626). There was a strong positive association between COVID-19 mortality rate and the prevalence of COVID-19 cases (p &lt; 0.0001) as well as the proportion of the population over 65 years of age (p = 0.0034) and a negative association with the rate of COVID-19 testing (p = 0.0023). Conclusions We found a negative association between smoking prevalence and COVID-19 occurrence at the population level in 38 European countries. This association may not imply a true or causal relationship, and smoking is not advocated as a prevention or treatment of COVID-19. Implications Given the evidence of this ecological study, and of several other studies that found an underrepresentation of smoking prevalence in hospitalized cases, it may be worth examining, in laboratory experiments and controlled human trials, if nicotine offers any protection against COVID-19. Most importantly, to date, no study, including this one, supports the view that smoking acts as a treatment intervention or prophylaxis to reduce the impact or ameliorate the negative health impacts of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Linking exploration to academic performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 404-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Gkorezis ◽  
Petros Kostagiolas ◽  
Dimitris Niakas
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Substantial empirical research has addressed the antecedents of students’ academic performance. Building on these insights, the purpose of this paper is to extend the related literature by investigating the impact of students’ exploration on their academic performance. Furthermore, to provide a better understanding of this relationship the authors incorporate two sequential mediators, namely, information seeking and academic self-efficacy. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative approach using self-report questionnaires. This study was conducted in the Hellenic Open University through a specially designed questionnaire. The authors collected data from 248 students attending a postgraduate course in Healthcare Management. Findings The results showed that information seeking and in turn academic self-efficacy mediate the positive association between exploration and academic performance. Both theoretical and practical implications are also discussed. Originality/value Students’ exploration plays an important role in enhancing both their information seeking and self-efficacy which in turn affects their academic performance.

scholarly journals Examining the Associations between Psychological Flexibility, Mindfulness, Psychosomatic Functioning, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Path Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8764
Author(s):  
Benita Wielgus ◽  
Witold Urban ◽  
Aleksandra Patriak ◽  
Łukasz Cichocki
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Social distancing plays a leading role in controlling the spread of coronavirus. However, prolonged lockdown can lead to negative consequences in terms of mental health. The goal of the research is to examine the relationship between anxiety and general psychosomatic functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic; the impact of psychological flexibility and mindfulness is also considered. Variables were measured with self-report questionnaires and symptom checklists. The sample included 170 people (M = 27.79, SD = 8.16). Pearson’s correlation, stepwise regression, and path analysis were conducted. The results showed a significant positive relationship between state anxiety and somatic and psychological responses to the pandemic. Path analysis revealed that mindfulness had a direct negative impact on and decreased the level of state anxiety (b = −0.22, p = 0.002), whereas psychological flexibility influenced the variable indirectly (b = 0.23, p = 0.002) by enhancing psychosomatic functioning (b = −0.64, p < 0.001). Psychological flexibility and mindfulness may mediate the development of mental disorders and facilitate achieving overall wellbeing. The study points to the usefulness of mindfulness practice as a form of self-help with anxiety symptoms; this is crucial during the pandemic because contact with clients is restricted.

Stress, self-compassion, and school burnout in Thai high school students

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiti Ponkosonsirilert ◽  
Orawee Laemsak ◽  
Kullaya Pisitsungkagarn ◽  
Somboon Jarukasemthawee ◽  
Siripat Audboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
School Burnout ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectivesHigh school has been recognized as a critical period for many students. With the upcoming competition for university admission, they tend to encounter significant stress. Exceeding its optimal level, stress became debilitating and could escalate into school burnout, which entailed various negative outcomes. The current study, hence, was aimed to identify a protective factor that helped mediate the relationship between stress and school burnout in Thai high school students. Self-compassion was selected here, given its relevant conceptual grounds and its cultural relevance (i.e., Thai individuals shown to be particularly oriented toward self-compassion).MethodsData were collected from 170 Thai high school students, who responded to measures of stress, self-compassion, and school burnout. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the hypothetical model where the positive association between stress and school burnout was mediated by self-compassion.ResultsAll indices of the model fits were confirmed, and the proposed model explained 80% of the variance in school burnout.ConclusionThe role of self-compassion in alleviating the impact of stress on school burnout was shown and relevant implications were discussed.

Does subordinate moqi affect leadership empowerment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1015-1034
Author(s):  
Lan Li ◽  
Xingshan Zheng ◽  
Siwei Sun ◽  
Ismael Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Response Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Power Distance Orientation ◽  
Dyadic Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Type Response

PurposeThe present study aims to ascertain the relationships between subordinate moqi and leader behaviors, by primarily discussing how and when subordinate moqi is associated with leadership empowerment.Design/methodology/approachA self-report study was conducted by recruiting 334 employees from 13 firms. All concepts were rated on a seven-point Likert-type response scale. Linear regression analysis (conducted in MPLUS 7) was conducted to verify the hypotheses.FindingsFirst, subordinate moqi showed positive association with empowerment. Second, trust-in-supervisor mediated the relationships between subordinate moqi and empowerment. Third, subordinates' power distance orientation (PDO) could moderate the subordinate moqi – leader empowerment relationship. When subordinates reported higher PDO, the relationships between subordinate moqi and empowerment were more robust; likewise, subordinate moqi would have more significantly indirectly impacted empowerment via trust-in-supervisor.Originality/valueThough researchers have discussed the impacts of subordinate moqi on subordinates' outcomes, the impact of subordinate moqi on supervisors' attitudes or behaviors remains unclear. The relationships between subordinate moqi and supervisor empowerment behaviors are empirically ascertained by emphasizing the leader-subordinate dyadic process. The findings here suggested that subordinate moqi boosted subordinates' trust-in-supervisor, and moqi would also predict the behaviors of leader empowerment. This study extended the PDO literature by identifying the moderating role of PDO in the subordinate moqi – leader empowerment behavior relationship.

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