scholarly journals TIME TO TRACK ENDEMIC DISEASES: EXTRAORDINARY OCCURRENCE DISEASES SHRINKAGE, POLICY, AND ITS RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (2000-2018) IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al Fauzi Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Budget ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Policies

During 2000-2018 various disease outbreaks (extraordinary occurrences) continued to occur in Indonesia. Its endemic disease outbreak has fluctuated with other endemic, both infectious and non-communicable diseases. This epidemic's vulnerability gives concern for the government to try to deal with various outbreaks that hit Indonesian citizens. This paper aims to review and analyze frequent outbreaks and the extent of the Indonesian government's in tackling disease outbreaks – including policies and its health resources. By analyzing the successes and failures of policies that have occurred, our findings conclude that adequate governance is needed in dealing with disease outbreaks –including Diarrhea, DFH, and Measles. Therefore, the government's key concern is the need for new policies alternative in dealing with disease outbreaks (in cases; Diarrhea, DFH, and Measles), health budget ability, equitable development of health facilities, and equal medical distribution personnel.

scholarly journals Protocol for establishing an Adaptive Diseases control Expert Programme in Tanzania (ADEPT) for integrating care of communicable and non-communicable diseases using tuberculosis and diabetes as a case study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e041521
Author(s):  
Stellah G Mpagama ◽  
Kaushik Ramaiya ◽  
Troels Lillebæk ◽  
Blandina T Mmbaga ◽  
Marion Sumari-de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operational Research ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
The Government

IntroductionMost sub-Saharan African countries endure a high burden of communicable infections but also face a rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Interventions targeting particular epidemics are often executed within vertical programmes. We establish an Adaptive Diseases control Expert Programme in Tanzania (ADEPT) model with three domains; stepwise training approach, integration of communicable and NCDs and a learning system. The model aims to shift traditional vertical programmes to an adaptive diseases management approach through integrating communicable and NCDs using the tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) dual epidemic as a case study. We aim to describe the ADEPT protocol with underpinned implementation and operational research on TB/DM.Methods and analysisThe model implement a collaborative TB and DM services protocol as endorsed by WHO in Tanzania. Evaluation of the process and outcomes will follow the logic framework. A mixed research design with both qualitative and quantitative approaches will be used in applied research action. Anticipated implementation research outcomes include at the health facilities level for organising TB/DM services, pathways of patients with TB/DM seeking care in different health facilities, factors in service delivery that need deimplementation and the ADEPT model implementation feasibility, acceptability and fidelity. Expected operational research outcomes include additional identified patients with dual TB/DM, the prevalence of comorbidities like hypertension in patients with TB/DM and final treatment outcomes of TB/DM including treatment-related complications. Findings will inform the future policies and practices for integrating communicable and NCDs services.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by The National Research Health Ethical Committee (Ref-No. NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/2988) and the implementation endorsed by the government authorities. Findings will be proactively disseminated through multiple mechanisms including peer-reviewed journals, and engagement with various stakeholders’ example in conferences and social media.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Childhood Obesity Related Policy Interventions in Malaysia—A Non Communicable Diseases Scorecard Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5950
Author(s):  
Wilfred Kok Hoe Mok ◽  
Noran Naqiah Hairi ◽  
Caryn Mei Hsien Chan ◽  
Feisul Idzwan Mustapha ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

(1) Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has increased tremendously in the ASEAN region, including Malaysia. In Malaysia, the National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases (2015–2025) provides the overall framework for its response to the non-communicable diseases (NCD) epidemic. Preventing childhood obesity is one of the key strategies for early intervention to prevent NCDs. The objective of this research is to examine the current status of policy interventions in addressing childhood obesity in Malaysia. (2) Methods: A panel of 22 stakeholders and experts from Malaysia, representing the government, industry, academia and non-governmental organizations, were sampled using a modified Delphi technique. Data were collected using a modified NCD scorecard under four domains (governance, risk factors, surveillance and research and health systems response). A heat map was used to measure the success of the four realms of the NCD scorecard. For each domain of the NCD scorecard, the final score was grouped in quintiles. (3) Results: A total of 22 participants responded, comprising of eight (36.4%) males and 14 (63.4%) females. All the domains measured in implementing policies related to childhood obesity were of low progress. Nine governance indicators were reported as 22.5% (low progress), four in the risk factors domain, and two in the surveillance. This shows that timely and accurate monitoring, participatory review and evaluation, and effective remedies are necessary for a country’s surveillance system. (4) Conclusion: Although Malaysia has published several key strategic documents relating to childhood obesity and implemented numerous policy interventions, we have identified several gaps that must be addressed to leverage the whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach in addressing childhood obesity in the country.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants and inequalities in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
National Level ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
School Level ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants ◽  
The Government ◽  
Concentration Indices

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly becoming a challenge worldwide, causing high mortality and morbidity. Saudi Arabia has one of the highest rates of NCDs globally and the highest in the Arabian Gulf region. Epidemiological data indicate that NCDs are responsible for 70 % of all deaths in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to examine the socioeconomic determinants and inequalities in the prevalence of NCDs in Saudi Arabia. Methods Data from the Saudi Family Health Survey conducted in 2018 by the General Authority for Statistics were used for this study. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the socioeconomic factors associated with the prevalence of NCDs. Moreover, the concentration curve and concentration indices were used to assess inequalities in the prevalence of NCDs. Results Among the 11,527 respondents, the prevalence of NCDs was 32.15 %. The prevalence of NCDs was higher among women and among elderly respondents aged ≥ 60 years. With respect to the determinants of the prevalence of NCDs, the logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of reporting NCDs was lower among people with a higher education (OR: 0.599, 95 % CI: 0.497–0.723, p < 0.01) compared with that of people with an education below the primary school level. Other factors significantly associated with the prevalence of NCDs were age, marital status, nationality, and region of residence. The inequality analysis showed that at the national level, the prevalence of NCDs was concentrated among less educated people (concentration index = − 0.338, p < 0.01), but with significant regional variations. Gender disaggregation showed that both income-based and education-based concentration indices were significantly negative among women, indicating that the prevalence of NCDs is concentrated among women with a lower income level and with less education. Conclusions The findings of this study are important for policymakers to combat both the increasing prevalence of and socio-economic inequalities in NCDs. The government should develop targeted intervention strategies to control NCDs and achieve health equality considering socio-economic status. Future policies should target women and the lower educated population in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Healthy Living Society Movement (GERMAS) during the Covid Pandemic 19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Rizal Sanif
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Important Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Basic Infrastructure

Health problems in Indonesia are very serious challenges. The main problem is that there is a triple burden or three important health problems related to the eradication of infectious diseases, an increase in cases of non-communicable diseases and the re-emergence of types of diseases that should have been successfully resolved. Infectious diseases such as diarrhea, tuberculosis and dengue fever were the most common health cases; now there has been a marked change in the number of cases of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cancer and coronary heart disease. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia at the Ministry of Health in 2017 launched GERMAS or Healthy Living Community Movement. GERMAS is a movement that aims to promote a culture of healthy living and leave unhealthy habits and behavior of society. The GERMAS action was also followed by promoting hygiene and healthy living habits and support for community-based infrastructure programs. This program has several focuses, such as building access to meet drinking water needs, community health installations and the construction of habitable settlements. The three of them are the basic infrastructure that is the foundation of the healthy life movement.

scholarly journals Ayushman Bharat Yojana: a memorable health initiative for Indians

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Dhaka ◽  
Ramesh Verma ◽  
Ginni Agrawal ◽  
Gopal Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Insurance Cover ◽  
The Government

India in a state of epidemiological health transition i.e shifting from communicable to non-communicable diseases. The annually 3.2% Indians falling below the poverty line and three forth Indians spending their entire income on health care and purchasing drugs. The government of India announced a Ayushman Bharat Yojana- National Health Protection Scheme (AB-NHPM) in the year 2018.  The aim of this programme is to providing a service to create a healthy, capable and content new India and two goals are to creating a network of health and wellness infrastructure across the nation to deliver comprehensive primary healthcare services and to provide health insurance cover to at least 40% of India's population which is deprived of secondary and tertiary care services. This Yojana will be implemented through Health and Wellness Centres that are to be developed in the primary health centre or sub-centre in the village and that will provide preventive, promotive, and curative care for non-communicable diseases, dental, mental, geriatric care, palliative care, etc. These centres would be equipped with basic medical tests for hypertension, diabetic and cancer and they are connected to the district hospital for advanced tele-medical consultations. The government has aims to set up 1,50,000 health and wellness centres across the country by the year 2022.

Dementia: An Overview (Preprint)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anung Ahadi Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Professional Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Caregiver Burdens

BACKGROUND Dementia is a serious terminal and irreversible disease that often does not receive attention from the public compared to other non-communicable diseases. This disease causes a decline in cognitive function in individuals and makes them have to depend on others for 5-20 years of their life span. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of dementia and other things related to this disease. METHODS The writing method in this article uses a narrative review on several scientific sources and journal articles published in 2011-2021 from several databases such as Google Scholar, CINAHL, ProQuest, PubMed, and EBSCO. RESULTS Dementia is one of the non-communicable diseases that can cause a high burden on individuals, families, communities, and countries as a result of the unproductiveness and total dependence of people with dementia on their surrounding environment due to the decline in body functions that occur. The caregiver burden experienced by caregivers includes physical, psychological, social and financial burdens. Support and assistance from professional health workers for people with dementia as well as caregivers and families can be provided through several efforts such as providing information related to illness, assistance in the care provided, providing counseling to prevent caregiver burdens and other problems, forming support groups for dementia caregivers, and advocacy for people with dementia and their families to get their rights. CONCLUSIONS Change efforts and policy making by the government that are more pro-people with dementia can change the perception that has been in society so far to be more positive and can potentially contribute to people with dementia.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy in the management of non-communicable diseases: facing the challenge

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Frantz
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
Sub Saharan

There is mounting evidence of the rising incidence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases in developing countries. Governments are facing serious challenges in health care due to the rising trends in non-communicable diseases as a result of demographic and epidemiological changes, as well as economic globalization. Cardiovascular disease, cancers, diabetes, respiratory disease, obesity andother non-communicable conditions now account for 59 percent of the 56.5 million global deaths annually, and almost half, or 46 percent, of the global burden of disease. It is estimated that by 2020, non-communicable diseases will account for 60% of the global burden of disease. The burden of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa is already substantial, and patients with these conditions make significant demands on health resources. How do these changes affect physiotherapists? This paper aims to highlight the need for physiotherapists to shift their focus from curative to preventive care in order to face the challenge of non-communicable diseases.

Passive surveillance on occurrence of deadly infectious, noninfectious and zoonotic diseases of livestock and poultry in Bangladesh and remedies

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
MGA Chowdhury ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
MZ Hossain ◽  
UK Rima ◽  
PC Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Passive Surveillance ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Fowl Cholera ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Passive Surveillance System ◽  
Parasitic Gastroenteritis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Safe Food

Passive surveillance system was designed with the data (102,613 case records) collected from the Government Veterinary Hospitals, Bangladesh and frequency distribution of diseases was calculated during July 2010 to June 2013. Frequently occurring diseases/ disease conditions reported in livestock were fascioliasis (10.66%), diarrhoea (7.92%), mastitis (7.42%), foot and mouth disease (6.42%), parasitic gastroenteritis (6.31%), coccidiosis (5.5%), Peste des petits ruminants (PPR,5.32%), anthrax (4.19%) and black quarter (3.74%). Diarrhoea and coccidiosis were reported to occur throughout the year. The frequency of fascioliasis appeared higher in buffaloes (34%) followed by sheep (22%), goats (13%) and cattle (11%). PPR is a deadly infectious disease of goats and sheep, accounted for 20% and 13% infectivity in respective species. In chicken the most frequently occurring diseases reported were Newcastle disease (28%), fowl cholera (19%) and coccidiosis (11%). In ducks, duck viral enteritis (28%), duck viral hepatitis (17%), diarrhoea (15%), coccidiosis (10%) and intestinal helminthiasis (10%) were the commonest diseases reported in Bangladesh. Few other endemic diseases of livestock and poultry like Tuberculosis, brucellosis, avian influenza, duck anatipestifer, Marek’s disease, Gumboro disease, avian tuberculosis, mycoplasmosis, dermatophilosis etc. were not included in the hospital data sheet. Financial hurdles persist in a country like Bangladesh, imposing difficulties onto the surveillance and early reporting of the disease outbreaks; these diseases are, therefore, stubbornly prevalent. Development of technological and knowledgeable man power, in time surveillance and early warning of disease outbreak are the key to protect animal and public health and produce safe food of animal origin.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 129-144 (2018)

scholarly journals Combating non-communicable diseases in rural Lucknow: Are the skills and knowledge of female health workers adequate?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3480
Author(s):  
Arunima Saini ◽  
Monika Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Grass Root Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Essential Knowledge

Background: India is facing the surging trend of non-communicable diseases (NCD). Forecasting the burden for NCDs, the Government of India (GOI) initiated a program in 2010 across the country, i.e., National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Stroke. The GOI has envisaged the female health workers (FHW) for the last mile delivery of health services under the programme. Available literature shows that FHWs lack essential knowledge regarding chronic diseases. This study attempts to fill these gaps by studying knowledge and skills regarding NCDs among FHWs in rural Lucknow. Objectives were to explore the knowledge about NCDs among ASHAs and ANMs in rural Lucknow and to assess of skills related to NCD screening among ANMs in rural Lucknow.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among FHWs of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh from June 2019 to August 2019.Results: Among the FHWs, knowledge about NCDs was found to be higher for those with the age more than 40 years, with the education of higher secondary and above and also amongst those who had received previous training for NCDs.Conclusions: Majority of the respondents were found to have poor knowledge regarding NCDs. Additionally, older age, training and higher education are found to be associated with good knowledge; there is a need of training of grass root level workers for them to correctly identify the symptoms and risk factors of various NCDs.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Pemeriksaan Rutin Hipesrtensi pada Kegiatan Promosi Kesehatan UPT Puskesmas Batangan di Desa Gajah Kumpul

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
meritania ridianti putri
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Government ◽  
Community Movement

Hypertension is often underestimated by some people. Though hypertension can cause complication of diseases that can cause death. The government has launched a community movement program on health promotion for non-communicable diseases, especially hypertension, by conducting routine checks. The results of the Puskesmas Batangan survey in Gajah Kumpul village showed only 36 from 436 families conducted hypertension examinations routine. Even though chronic diseases must be checked routinely to avoid dangerous systemic complications. Therefore, it is necessary to do research with Gajah Kumpul village residents who are suffering from hypertension as object.

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