scholarly journals The World Dangerous it is – The Scrambled Sentences Task for Negative Life Events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Würtz ◽  
Simon Edward Blackwell ◽  
Jürgen Margraf ◽  
Marcella Woud
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Life Event ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The Scrambled Sentences Task (SST) is a robust measure of interpretational processes in psychopathology. However, there is little evidence of its utility as a measure of dysfunctional appraisals (DAs) in relation to traumatic or negative life events. We therefore developed a novel SST in the context of trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and examined its psychometric properties including con- and divergent validity and 2-week test-retest reliability via an online study. Our sample (T1: N = 214, T2: N = 145) included participants who reported a potentially traumatic negative life event that was still experienced as distressing. We found high correlations between the novel SST and both PTSD-related symptoms and self-report measures of DAs, indicating good convergent validity. Further, both internal consistency and retest-reliability were good. However, we also found large correlations with symptoms of depression, and moderate correlations with symptoms of other disorders (e.g., eating disorders), indicating limitations to the SST’s divergent validity. Finally, the SST did not explain unique variance in PTSD-related symptoms above self-report measures. Overall, the results demonstrate the promise of the SST being a valid and reliable tool to assess DAs in the context of traumatic life events. Further research should aim to improve the specificity with which the SST assesses trauma-related DAs and investigate the relationship between the SST and self-report measures of DAs.

Validation of the NARCOMS Registry: pain assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Ann Marrie ◽  
Gary Cutter ◽  
Tuula Tyry ◽  
Olympia Hadjimichael ◽  
Timothy Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
The North ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Pain Question ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) Registry is a multiple sclerosis (MS) self-report registry with more than 24 000 participants. Participants report disability status upon enrolment, and semi-annually using Performance Scales (PS), Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) and a pain question. In November 2000 and 2001, we also collected the Pain Effects Scale (PES). Our aim was to validate the NARCOMS pain question using the PES as our criterion measure. We measured correlations between the pain question and age, disease duration, various PS subscales and PDDS to assess construct validity. We correlated pain question responses in participants who reported no change in PDSS or the PS subscales between questionnaires to determine test—retest reliability. We measured responsiveness in participants who reported a substantial change in the sensory, spasticity PS subscales. The correlation between the pain question and PES was r=0.61 in November 2000, and r=0.64 in November 2001 (both P<0.0001). Correlations between the pain question and age, and disease duration were low, indicating divergent validity. Correlations between the pain question and spasticity, sensory PS subscales and PDSS were moderate, indicating convergent validity. Test—retest reliability was r=0.84 (P<0.0001). Responsiveness was 70.7%. The pain question is a valid self-report measure of pain in MS.

Test-Retest Reliability of the Trauma and Life Events Self-Report Inventory

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Hovens ◽  
I. Bramsen ◽  
H. M. van der Ploeg ◽  
I. E. W. Reuling
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Self Report ◽  
First Year ◽  
Total N ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Three groups of first-year male and female medical students (total N = 90) completed the Trauma and Life Events Self-report Inventory twice. Test-retest reliability for the three different time periods was .82, .89, and .75, respectively.

scholarly journals Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the English Lequesne Algofunctional index in to Bengali

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Mahmood ◽  
Minhaj Rahim Choudhury ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
Syed Atiqul Haq ◽  
Md Abu Shahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background This study was focused on translation and cultural adaptation of the English Lequesne Algofunctional index (LAI) into Bengali for patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and testing reliability and validity of the Bengali version of the LAI. Methods This study was carried out in the Department of Rheumatology, BSM Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Using the forward–backward method the English LAI was translated into Bengali including cultural adaptation. For pretesting, A sample of 40 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were screened using the Bengali version of LAI. Following the pretest, 130 consecutive patients with symptomatic knee OA completed the interviewer administered Bengali LAI, the validated Bengali version of SF-36, Visual Analogue Scale for Pain, Distance Walked and Activities of Daily Living. For the retest 60 randomly selected patients from the cohort were administered the Bengali LAI 7 days later. An item by item analysis was performed. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha, test–retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa coefficient, construct validity was measured using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results It took 3.25 ± 0.71 min to complete the Bengali LAI and the mean score was 9.23 ± 4.58. For the Bengali LAI Cronbach’s alpha score was 0.88, test–retest reliability assessed by ICC was 0.97. For construct validity, excellent convergent validity was achieved (ρ = 0.93) but the divergent validity was moderate (ρ = 0.43). Conclusions The Bengali LAI showed excellent convergent validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability, only the divergent validity was moderate. So, the Bengali LAI can be applied as a HRQoL assessment tool for primary knee OA patients.

Psychometric Properties of a Structured Diagnostic Interview for DSM-5 Anxiety, Mood, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Tolin ◽  
Christina Gilliam ◽  
Bethany M. Wootton ◽  
William Bowe ◽  
Laura B. Bragdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Reliability Data ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Three hundred sixty-two adult patients were administered the Diagnostic Interview for Anxiety, Mood, and OCD and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders (DIAMOND). Of these, 121 provided interrater reliability data, and 115 provided test–retest reliability data. Participants also completed a battery of self-report measures that assess symptoms of anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Interrater reliability of DIAMOND anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive and related diagnoses ranged from very good to excellent. Test–retest reliability of DIAMOND diagnoses ranged from good to excellent. Convergent validity was established by significant between-group comparisons on applicable self-report measures for nearly all diagnoses. The results of the present study indicate that the DIAMOND is a promising semistructured diagnostic interview for DSM-5 disorders.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of the Amphetamine Withdrawal Questionnaire Version 2 (AWQV2) in Patients with Methamphetamine-Type Substance Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Farnia ◽  
Mehdi Moradinazar ◽  
Nasrin Abdoli ◽  
Mostafa Alikhani ◽  
Mansour Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Amphetamine Withdrawal ◽  
Questionnaire Version ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background: No standard self-report instrument for withdrawal symptoms is available in Iran. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the 10-item Amphetamine Withdrawal questionnaire version 2 (AWQV2). Methods: A sample of 388 methamphetamine addicts (215 females and 173 males) referred to addiction recovery centers and psychiatric ward of Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah. A two-stage random sampling method was used. The reliability and internal consistency of the AWQV2 items were examined using Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability, respectively, and the instrument validity of the AWQV2 was measured using construct validity and convergent validity. Results: The AWQV2 had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.72. Factor analysis using the main component analysis with a varimax rotation introduced three factors of hyperarousal, anxiety, and reversed vegetative symptoms. These factors explained 0.58 of the total variance. The coefficient of test-retest reliability at a 2-week interval was equal to 0.77. The convergent validity of the AWQV2 was examined by simultaneously administering the Advanced Warning of Relapse (AWARE) questionnaire to 40 subjects, with a correlation coefficient of 0.81. Conclusions: Based on the results, the AWQV2 has very good psychometric properties and may be used in research and therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Computerized Adaptive Assessment Tool for Discrimination and Measurement of Psychotic Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Guinart ◽  
Renato de Filippis ◽  
Stella Rosson ◽  
Bhagyashree Patil ◽  
Lara Prizgint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Testing ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Item Bank ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Measurement Efficiency

Abstract Objective Time constraints limit the use of measurement-based approaches in research and routine clinical management of psychosis. Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) can reduce administration time, thus increasing measurement efficiency. This study aimed to develop and test the capacity of the CAT-Psychosis battery, both self-administered and rater-administered, to measure the severity of psychotic symptoms and discriminate psychosis from healthy controls. Methods An item bank was developed and calibrated. Two raters administered CAT-Psychosis for inter-rater reliability (IRR). Subjects rated themselves and were retested within 7 days for test-retest reliability. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was administered for convergent validity and chart diagnosis, and the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) was used to test psychosis discriminant validity. Results Development and calibration study included 649 psychotic patients. Simulations revealed a correlation of r = .92 with the total 73-item bank score, using an average of 12 items. Validation study included 160 additional patients and 40 healthy controls. CAT-Psychosis showed convergent validity (clinician: r = 0.690; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.610–0.757; self-report: r = .690; 95% CI: 0.609–0.756), IRR (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.733; 95% CI: 0.611–0.828), and test-retest reliability (clinician ICC = 0.862; 95% CI: 0.767–0.922; self-report ICC = 0.815; 95%CI: 0.741–0.871). CAT-Psychosis could discriminate psychosis from healthy controls (clinician: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.965, 95% CI: 0.945–0.984; self-report AUC = 0.850, 95% CI: 0.807–0.894). The median length of the clinician-administered assessment was 5 minutes (interquartile range [IQR]: 3:23–8:29 min) and 1 minute, 20 seconds (IQR: 0:57–2:09 min) for the self-report. Conclusion CAT-Psychosis can quickly and reliably assess the severity of psychosis and discriminate psychotic patients from healthy controls, creating an opportunity for frequent remote assessment and patient/population-level follow-up.

Validation of a Computerized Use of Time Recall for Activity Measurement in Advanced-Age Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Jordan Mace ◽  
Ralph Maddison ◽  
Timothy Olds ◽  
Ngaire Kerse
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background:The Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults (MARCA) is a computerized recall instrument that records use of time during 24 hr the previous day and has been developed to address limitations of current self-report physical activity measures for those in advanced age.Methods:Test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the adult MARCA were assessed in a sample of 45 advanced-age adults (age 84.9SD ±1.62 yr) as a subsample of the Life and Living in Advanced-Age Cohort Study New Zealand (LiLACS NZ). Test–retest methods required participants to recall the previous day’s activity using the MARCA twice within the same day. Convergent validity was assessed against accelerometry.Results:Test–retest reliability was high, with ICCs greater than .99 for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and physical activity level (PAL). Compared with accelerometry, the MARCA demonstrated validity comparable to other self-report instruments with Spearman’s coefficients of .34 and .59 for time spent in nonsedentary physical activity and PAL.Conclusion:The MARCA is a valid and reliable self-report tool for physical activity behaviors in advanced-age adults.

scholarly journals Monitoring Positive Mental Health in Swedish Adolescents: Psychometric Evaluation of the Mental Health Continuum – Short Form

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Söderqvist ◽  
Peter Larm
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract BackgroundThe Mental Health Continuum – Short form (MHC-SF) is a self-report measure that has been increasingly used to monitor mental well-being at the population level. The aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the psychometric properties of the MHC-SF in a Swedish population, more specifically adolescents. MethodsFirst, the evaluation was performed by examining face validity and test–retest reliability obtained in a pre-study (n = 93). Then using data from the Survey of Adolescent Life in Vestmanland 2020 (n = 3880; participation rate = 71%; females = 51%; mean age = 16.23 years), we performed confirmatory factor analysis on different factor structures based on theory and previous research. Model-based estimates were calculated for assessing the internal reliability of the factor structure with the best fit. Convergent validity was assessed by bivariate as well as model-based correlations, and test–retest reliability was evaluated by intra-class correlation coefficients. ResultsThis study on Swedish adolescents found that the MHC-SF is essentially unidimensional and best described with a bifactor model consisting of a dominant general well-being factor and three specific group factors of emotional, social and psychological well-being. Its overall reliability and the reliability of the general well-being factor were good to excellent, while the reliability of its subscales (specific group factor) was poor, and thus should not be used alone. Test–retest reliability of the total scale was good, and convergent validity was supported by strong to very strong correlations with the Short Warwick–Edinburg Mental Well-being Scale. ConclusionsIn conclusion, we consider the Swedish MHC-SF to be a psychometrically sound instrument for monitoring overall mental well-being in Swedish adolescents.

Optimistic Explanatory Style as a Moderator of the Association Between Negative Life Events and Suicide Ideation

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameson K. Hirsch ◽  
Karen Wolford ◽  
Steven M. LaLonde ◽  
Lisa Brunk ◽  
Amanda Parker-Morris
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Explanatory Style ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Life Event ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Background: Individuals experiencing negative and potentially traumatic life events are at increased risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors; however, suicidal outcomes are not inevitable. Individuals who attribute negative life events to external, transient, and specific factors, rather than internal, stable, and global self-characteristics, may experience fewer deleterious outcomes, including suicidal behavior. Aims: This study examines the moderating effect of explanatory style on the relationship between negative life experiences and suicide ideation in a college student sample. Methods: A total of 138 participants (73% female) were recruited from a rural, Eastern college and completed a self-report psychosocial assessment. Results: Optimistic explanatory style mitigates the influence of negative and potentially traumatic life events on thoughts of suicide, above and beyond the effects of hopelessness and depression. Conclusions: Beliefs about the origin, pervasiveness, and potential recurrence of a negative life event may affect psychological outcomes. Optimistic explanatory style was associated with reduced suicide ideation, whereas pessimistic explanatory style was associated with increased thoughts of suicide. Optimistic reframing of negative life events for clients may have treatment implications for the prevention of suicidal activity.

scholarly journals Introducing the tablet-based Oxford Cognitive Screen-Plus (OCS-Plus) as an assessment tool for subtle cognitive impairments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele Demeyere ◽  
Marleen Haupt ◽  
Sam S. Webb ◽  
Lea Strobel ◽  
Elise T. Milosevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Cognitive Screen ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

AbstractHere, we present the Oxford Cognitive Screen-Plus, a computerised tablet-based screen designed to briefly assess domain-general cognition and provide more fine-grained measures of memory and executive function. The OCS-Plus was designed to sensitively screen for cognitive impairments and provide a differentiation between memory and executive deficits. The OCS-Plus contains 10 subtasks and requires on average 24 min to complete. In this study, 320 neurologically healthy ageing participants (age M = 62.66, SD = 13.75) from three sites completed the OCS-Plus. The convergent validity of this assessment was established in comparison to the ACE-R, CERAD and Rey–Osterrieth. Divergent validity was established through comparison with the BDI and tests measuring divergent cognitive domains. Internal consistency of each subtask was evaluated, and test–retest reliability was determined. We established the normative impairment cut-offs for each of the subtasks. Predicted convergent and divergent validity was found, high internal consistency for most measures was also found with the exception of restricted range tasks, as well as strong test–retest reliability, which provided evidence of test stability. Further research demonstrating the use and validity of the OCS-Plus in various clinical populations is required. The OCS-Plus is presented as a standardised cognitive assessment tool, normed and validated in a sample of neurologically healthy participants. The OCS-Plus will be available as an Android App and provides an automated report of domain-general cognitive impairments in executive attention and memory.

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