The Use of Music Therapy in Counseling: Why Not?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohana Putri Damayanti Adi Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
Google Books ◽  
Professional Assistance

Counseling is an activity of providing professional assistance by the counselor to the client as a party in need of assistance. Music in counseling is used to create a therapeutic relationship between the counselor and the client. Music as a universal language is also increasingly able to support the client to achieve catharsis, which is an effort to express the emotions that have been hidden so far. The purpose of writing this article is to examine and explain the basic knowledge of music therapy in counseling. The literature review used comes from several databases such as Google Scholar and Google Books as well as other supporting books. The results of the study indicate that the use of music therapy in counseling is effective in improving the quality of counseling to be more pleasant, therapeutic, and able to increase the success of counseling services.

The Use of Music Therapy in Counseling: Why Not?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohana Putri Damayanti Adi Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
Google Books ◽  
Professional Assistance

Counseling is an activity of providing professional assistance by the counselor to the client as a party in need of assistance. Music in counseling is used to create a therapeutic relationship between the counselor and the client. Music as a universal language is also increasingly able to support the client to achieve catharsis, which is an effort to express the emotions that have been hidden so far. The purpose of writing this article is to examine and explain the basic knowledge of music therapy in counseling. The literature review used comes from several databases such as Google Scholar and Google Books as well as other supporting books. The results of the study indicate that the use of music therapy in counseling is effective in improving the quality of counseling to be more pleasant, therapeutic, and able to increase the success of Counseling services.

scholarly journals Terapi Musik Efektif terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan pada Pasien Kanker

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 634-642
Author(s):  
Nurlina Nurlina ◽  
Yuliana Syam ◽  
Ariyanti Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Keywords Cancer

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing anxiety in cancer patients. The research method is a literature review using five databases, namely PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Clinicalkey, and Google Scholar, using keywords based on PICO. The results showed that the five articles analyzed all articles reported that music therapy effectively reduced anxiety in cancer patients. Music has psychological, physical, social, and spiritual effects that can increase support for cancer patient care, improve mood, and improve the quality of life of cancer patients to provide nursing interventions to reduce anxiety. In conclusion, music therapy is an effective therapy to reduce anxiety from children, adults to the elderly.   Keywords: Cancer, Anxiety, Music Therapy

scholarly journals Videoconferencing Psychotherapy: a literature review of the perspective of relationships for patients and psychologists (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cataldo ◽  
Shanton Chang ◽  
Antonette Mendoza ◽  
George Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Active Role ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patient Relationships ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, people are being encouraged to maintain social distance. Technology is helping people to reschedule meetings from “face-to-face” interactions to remote videoconferencing. Psychologists are in high demand, due to an increase in stress as a result of COVID. Many seek to both keep treating their current patients, and welcome new ones, given the current high demand for their services. Videoconferencing provides an opportunity to do this. However, shifting treatment from face-to-face to the videoconferencing is not simple as both the psychologist and the patient miss the in-person information and cues, such as body language provides. OBJECTIVE A new theoretical framework is proposed to guide the design of future studies on the impact of the computer as a mediator of psychologist-patient relationships, and the influence of videoconferencing on the whole relationship process. METHODS A literature review has been conducted, screening studies focusing on communication, and the key concepts of therapeutic relationship and therapeutic alliance. RESULTS Studies report that patients are generally satisfied with videoconference therapy in terms of the relationship with their therapists and the establishment of the “therapeutic alliance”. However, psychologists report difficulties in establishing same quality of therapeutic relationship and therapeutic alliance. The analysed studies lead us to interpret data under a different perspective. A new model of relationship is proposed, along with further hypotheses. CONCLUSIONS It is important to consider the computer as having an active role in psychologists and patients’ relationships. CLINICALTRIAL

The Role of Music in Counseling Services

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathania Pramendra Yaslim
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Counseling Practice ◽  
Definition Of

Music has become a part of human life. Even in daily life of few individuals will be lacking if they are not accompanied by music at all. The bond between humans and music was finally used as an innovation to help individuals who need help. Music therapy was created to help someone through their problems using media that is familiar to humans, namely music. This literature review aims to understand as well as explore the basic role of music in counseling services. This literature review will focus on the definition of music therapy, music therapy in counseling practice, principles of music therapy, music therapy techniques, and the types of music used.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa Yang Terpapar Asap Rokok

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frenky D. Awuy ◽  
Diana S. Purwanto ◽  
Yanti M. Mewo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility

Abstract: Cigarettes can cause oxidative stress that may cause various health problems such as the decrease of spermatozoa quality. The disturbed state of  spermatozoa results in a decrease quality of the spermatozoa which may effect fertility. Vitamin C is an antioxidant which is believed to affect improving the quality of spermatozoa. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin C on the quality of spermatoza exposed to cigarette smoke. This research was conducted by literature review using three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and ClinicalKey. After being selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 articles research for assessment. The results show that the decrease in spermatozoa concentration is due to the nicotine contained in cigarette smoke. By giving vitamin C, it can reduce oxidative stress which can cause lipid peroxidation, and then reduce the decrease in spermatozoa concentration. There is also an improvement in spermatozoa motility and morphology after vitamin C administration. Vitamin C as an antioxidant plays a role in fighting free radicals, so that the spermatozoa cell membrane remains protected. In conclusion, consumption of vitamin C shows an effect to improve the quality of spermatozoa exposed to cigarette smoke, including increasing/improving the concentration, morphology, and motility of spermatozoa.Keywords: vitamin C, spermatozoa, smoker  Abstrak: Rokok menyebabkan terjadinya stres oksidatif yang dapat mengakibatkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan seperti penurunan kualitas spermatozoa. Keadaan spermatozoa yang terganggu mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas spermatozoa sehingga akan memengaruhi kesuburan. Vitamin C merupakan antioksidan yang dipercaya dapat memengaruhi peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin C terhadap kualitas spermatoza yang terpapar asap rokok. Penelitian ini berbentuk literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Google Scholar, Pubmed, dan ClinicalKey. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan 10 artikel untuk dilakukan penilaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan konsentrasi spermatozoa disebabkan oleh kandungan nikotin dalam asap rokok. Pemberian vitamin C dapat menurunkan stres oksidatif yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya peroksidasi lipid, kemudian menekan penurunan konsentrasi spermatozoa. Terdapat juga perbaikan motilitas dan morfologi spermatozoa setelah pemberian vitamin C. Vitamin C sebagai antioksidan berfungsi untuk menanggulangi radikal bebas, sehingga membran sel spermatozoa akan tetap terlindungi. Sebagai simpulan, pemberian vitamin C menunjukkan adanya pengaruh untuk meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa yang terpapar asap rokok, meliputi peningkatan/perbaikan konsentrasi, morfologi, dan motilitas spermatozoa.Kata kunci: vitamin C, spermatozoa, asap rokok

Gambaran Pengetahuan Dan Perilaku Tentang Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) Pada Remaja : Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 302-308
Author(s):  
Uci Sukma Wati ◽  
Trina Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Regulate Cell Growth ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Self Examination

AbstractThe death rate caused by cancer has increased very rapidly. Breast cancer is caused by the growth of abnormal tissue. It comes from abnormal changes in genes that regulate cell growth so that cells lose their control. Breast cancer can be found early by doing BSE, as well as by doing a clinical examination. However, community behavior in doing the early detection of breast cancer is still low due to a lack of knowledge in doing BSE. Therefore, it needs to increase awareness of the health importance to improve a better quality of life. To determine BSE knowledge and breast self-examination behavior in adolescents through a literature review. The data collection technique used a literature review method of 5 articles. The articles were from Google Scholar and PubMed. They were published in 2011-2021. The critical assessment instrument used was strobe. The results of a literature review of 5 articles showed that from 704 respondents, most of the respondents who had good knowledge were 280 respondents (40%). Those who had never done BSE were 421 respondents (60%). In this literature review, the result showed that the respondents' knowledge of breast self-examination was good. The respondents also had not done any breast self-examination.Keywords: Breasl self-examination, knowledge, behavior AbstrakAngka kematian yang disebabkan oleh kanker mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat. Kanker payudara adalah pertumbuhan jaringan abnormal yang disebabkan perubahan yang tidak normal pada gen yang mengatur pertumbuhan sel, sehinggal sel kehilangan pengendalian. Kanker payudara dapat ditemukan secara dini dengan melakukan SADARI, serta dengan dilakukannya pemeriksaan klinik. Akan tetapi perilaku masyarakat dalam deteksi dini kanker payudara masih rendah yang disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan dalam melakukan SADARI serta diperlukan adanya minat dan peningkatan kesadaran akan pentingnya kesehatan guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Untuk mengetahui pengetahuan SADARI dan perilaku pemeriksaan payudara sendiri pada remaja melalui literature review. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode literature review 5 artikel yang bersumber database online dengan penelusuran elektronik pada Google Scholar dan PupMed yang dipublish pada tahun 2011-2021. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan Strobe. Hasil literature review 5 artikel menunjukkan dari 704 responden sebagian besar responden yang pengetahuan baik berjumlah 280 responden dengan presentase (40%) dan yang tidak pernah melakukan SADARI berjumlah 421 responden dengan presentase (60%). Pada penelitian literature review kali ini di dapatkan hasil berupa pengetahuan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri baik dan perilaku pemeriksaan payudara sendiri tidak pernah melakukan.Kata kunci: Pemeriksaan payudara sendiri; pengetahuan; perilaku

scholarly journals PENCAPAIAN INDEKS KELUARGA SEHAT PROGRAM INDONESIA SEHAT PENDEKATAN KELUARGA (PIS – PK) : LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Romdhonah Romdhonah ◽  
Antono Suryoputro ◽  
Sutopo Patria Jati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The Family ◽  
Healthy Family ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Univariate Test

AbstrakPembangunan kesehatan program utamanya adalah program Indonesia sehat yang pencapaiannya direncanakan melalui Rencana strategis Kementrian Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2019 yang ditetapkan melalui Kemenkes RI Nomor HK.02.02/Menkes/52/2015.  Program Indonesia sehat adalah salah satu program agenda ke -5 Nawa Cita yaitu meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia Indonesia. Indikator keluarga sehat antara lain: 1) keluarga mengikuti program Keluarga Berencana (KB), 2) ibu melakukan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan, 3) bayi mendapat imunisasi dasar lengkap, 4) bayi mendapat air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif, 5) balita mendapatkan pematauan pertumbuhan, 6) penderita tuberkulosis paru mendapatkan pengobatan sesuai standar, 7) penderita hipertensi melakukan pengobatan secara teratur, 8) penderita gangguan jiwa mendapatkan pengobatan dan tidak ditelantarkan, 9) anggota keluarga tidak ada yang merokok, 10) keluarga sudah menjadi anggota Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), 11) keluarga mempunyai akses sarana air bersih, 12) keluarga mempunyai akses atau menggunakan jamban sehat.. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep, model atau teori yang efektif digunakan untuk mengeketahui gambaran indeks keluarga sehat di beberapa daerah Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dengan cara melakukan pencarian beberapa studi yang diterbitkan melalui database Google Scholar. Studi yang dipilih diterbitkan dari tahun 2017-2021. Setelah dilakukan pencarian artikel dengan kata kunci tersebut maka total artikel yang di review dalam tinjauan literatur ini sebanyak 5 (lima) artikel. Berdasarkan hasil uji Univariat terhadap data penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar klasifikasi indeks keluarga sehat (IKS) terdapat pada status pra-sehat, yaitu di Desa Suguling 80%, di daerah terpencil di Kabupaten Sikka sebesar 52%, dan di Desa Nulle sebesar 56.49%. Kata Kunci: Pencapaian, Program, Indonesia Sehat AbstractThe main health development program is the Healthy Indonesia program, the achievement of which is planned through the Ministry of Health's Strategic Plan for 2015-2019 which is stipulated by the Indonesian Ministry of Health Number HK.02.02 / Menkes / 52/2015. The Healthy Indonesia Program is one of Nawa Cita's 5 years programs agenda, namely improving the quality of life of Indonesian people. Healthy family indicators include: 1) the family follows the Family Planning program, 2) the mother gives birth at a health facility, 3) the baby gets complete basic immunization, 4) the baby gets exclusive breast breastfeeding, 5) the toddler gets monitoring growth, 6) patients with pulmonary tuberculosis receive treatment according to standards, 7) patients with hypertension receive regular treatment, 8) people with mental disorders receive treatment and are not neglected, 9) family members do not smoke, 10) the family is a member of the Health Insurance National, 11) families have access to clean water facilities, 12) families have access or use healthy latrines. The purpose of this literature review is to find out concepts, models or theories that are effectively used to determine the description of the index of healthy families in several areas. Indonesia. The method used is by searching for several published studies through the Google Scholar database. Selected studies were published from 2017-2021. After searching for articles with these keywords, the total number of articles reviewed in this literature review was 5 (five) articles. Based on the results of the Univariate test on research data, it shows that most of the classifications of healthy family index are in pre-healthy status, namely in Suguling Village 80%, in remote areas in Sikka Regency at 52%, and in Nulle Village at 56.49%.Keywords: Attainment, Program, Healthy Indonesian

scholarly journals Hubungan Performa Fisik dengan Prognosis Pasien Gagal Jantung

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurfadhilah H. Palilati ◽  
Frans E. N. Wantania ◽  
Linda W. A. Rotty
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Failure Prognosis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Heart failure is a serious health problem and a leading cause of death, illness, and poor quality of life. Although the diagnosis and treatment of this disease has significant progress, the prognosis is still poor. The physical performance of patients with heart failure, for example, measured by a 6-minute walking test can be used to assess the functional capacity and assess the prognosis of the patient. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between physical performance and prognosis of patients with heart failure. This was a literature review study using literatures obtained from three databases, namely Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The keywords used in searching the literatures were "physical performance OR 6 minutes walking test AND heart failure prognosis" and their variations and translations. After the selection, 10 literatures were reviewed. The results showed that any decreases in distance of the 6-minute walking test and in walking speed would increase the risk of rehospitalization and mortality as reported in nine literatures. In conclusion, there was a significant relationship between physical performance and prognosis of patients with heart failure.Keywords: physical performance, prognosis of heart failure Abstrak: Gagal jantung merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius dan penyebab utama kematian, kesakitan, serta kualitas hidup yang buruk. Meskipun diagnosis dan pengobatan penyakit ini telah mengalami banyak kemajuan namun prognosisnya masih buruk. Performa fisik pasien gagal jantung contohnya diukur dengan tes jalan 6 menit dapat digunakan untuk menilai kapasitas fungsional dan menilai prognosis dari pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan performa fisik dengan prognosis pasien gagal jantung. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review menggunakan  literatur yang diperoleh dari tiga database yaitu Pubmed, Science Direct. dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel yaitu “physical performance OR 6 minutes walking test AND heart failure prognosis” dan berbagai variasi serta terjemahan. Hasil seleksi, mendapatkan 10 literature yang dikaji. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa setiap penurunan jarak yang ditempuh dalam uji jalan 6 menit dan penurunan waktu kecepatan berjalan dapat meningkatkan risiko rehospitalisasi dan kematian yang dilaporkan pada 9 literatur. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara performa fisik dengan prognosis pada pasien gagal jantung.Kata kunci: performa fisik, prognosis gagal jantung 

scholarly journals Tinjauan Literatur: Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Kelengkapan Pengisian Rekam Medis Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Putu Adiz Siwayana ◽  
Ika Setya Purwanti ◽  
Putu Ayu Sri Murcittowati
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Incomplete Filling ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring

Every health facility, whether it is primary, secondary, tertiary, is required to maintain medical records in order to achieve administrative order. Incomplete (incomplete) medical records will affect the service process provided by health workers and have an impact on the quality of service of a hospital. This study aims to determine the factors causing the incomplete filling of inpatient medical records. This study uses a literature review method. The strategy in searching literature reviews is using Google Scholar. In the search phase, articles are limited to publications from 2015-2020. The keywords used are the factors causing incomplete medical record filling. The search results obtained 10 articles and then 5 articles were taken. The results of the literature review show that the factors causing the incompleteness of filling in medical records as a whole can be seen from the lack of knowledge, motivation and awareness of medical personnel about medical records. The meeting as a means of communication between caregivers and management has not yet been implemented to discuss evaluation and monitoring as well as sanctions for officers who do not complete medical records. lack of socialization on filling out medical records. Unsystematic arrangement of medical record forms. Limited availability of funds or budget to support medical record service activities. Conclusion Hospitals need to pay attention to the factors causing the incompleteness of filling in medical records so that filling in medical records is complete according to standards. So that the quality of service, especially the quality of patient medical records.AbstrakSetiap fasilitas kesehatan baik tingkat primer, sekunder, tersier wajib menyelenggarakan rekam medis agar tercapainya tertib administrasi. Ketidaklengkapan (Incomplete) rekam medis akan berpengaruh terhadap proses pelayanan yang diberikan oleh petugas kesehatan dan berdampak pada kualitas pelayanan suatu rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab ketidaklengkapan pengisian rekam medis rawat inap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review. Strategi dalam pencarian literatur review menggunakan Google Scholar. Pada tahap pencarian artikel dibatasi terbitan dari tahun 2015-2020. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah Faktor Penyebab ketidaklengkapan pengisian rekam medis. Hasil penelusuran artikel didapatkan 10 artikel dan selanjutnya diambil 5 artikel. Hasil dari literatur review didapatkan faktor penyebab ketidaklengkapan pengisian rekam medis secara keseluruhan, penyebabnya dapat dilihat dari kurangnya pengetahuan, motivasi dan kesadaran dari petugas rekam medis tentang rekam medis. Belum terlaksananya rapat sebagai wadah komunikasi antara pemberi asuhan dan manajemen yang membahas evaluasi dan monitoring serta sanksi bagi petugas yang tidak mengisi rekam medis dengan lengkap. kurangnya sosialisasi pengisian rekam medis. Susunan formulir rekam medis yang tidak sistematis. Terbatasnya ketersediaan dana atau anggaran untuk mendukung kegiatan pelayanan rekam medis. Kesimpulan Rumah sakit perlu memperhatikan  faktor penyebab ketidaklengkapan pengisian rekam medis sehingga pengisian rekam medis menjadi lengkap sesuai dengan standar. Sehingga  mutu dari pelayanan terutama mutu rekam medis pasien.

FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH PADA KUALITAS HIDUP CAREGIVERS PADA INDIVIDU SINDROM DOWN : LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Suharta
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Google Scholar

MengasuhindividudenganSindrom Down (SD) denganbanyaknyaketerlambatan dan kecacatanbaiksecara mental maupunfisikmenjadikan orang tua ataupengasuh(caregivers) cenderung mengalami beban yang lebihtinggi, dimanasecaralangsung bepengaruh pada kualitas hidup mereka sebagai caregivers. Tujuan: mengetahui faktor yang berpengaruh pada kualitashidupcaregiversindividudengan SD. Desain: literature review. Metode: Pencarianartikelpada database jurnal yang relevan termasuk Scopus (n=27), Science Direct (n=141), dan Google Scholar (n=170) dengan menggunakan kombinasi pencarian:“quality of life“and “cargivers”or “kualitashidup” and“pengasuh “ or”orang tua” or“pendamping“ and“sindrom down”. Peneliti meninjau (n=10)  artikel dari (n=338) artikel yang diidentifikasi. Hasil: lima jurnal menyebutkan faktor dukungan keluarga, dukungan sosial, status ekonomi, kondisifisik-kesehatan dan penerimaankepadaindividu SD adalahfaktor yang berpengaruh pada kualtiashidupcaregiverKesimpulan: Secara garis besar peneliti menemukan lima faktor yang berpengaruh pada kualitas hidup caregivers anak-remaja dengan SD. Pentinguntukdilakukanpenelitianlebihlanjutterkaitkualitashidupindividu SDdengancakupanyang lebihluas dan beragamgunamendapatkanlandasanteoritissebagaidasaruntukperumusanasuhankeperawatankeluarga dan komunitas.   Kata Kunci:KualitasHidupPengasuh, Sindrom Down, Kualitas Hidup, Caregivers.

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