FACTORES DE RIESGO Y PROTECTORES RELACIONADOS AL CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS PSICOACTIVAS EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE ENFERMERÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA.

Introducción: El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) es un problema social de gran impacto en la salud de la población y no solamente se circunscribe a la edad adulta, sino que son los adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, pueden incursionar en el consumo de una forma muy acelerada. Objetivo: establecer los factores de riesgo y protección relacionados al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de la Carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Loja. Métodos: investigación con enfoque cuantitativo, descriptiva y de corte transversal, con una muestra aleatoria de 30 estudiantes de la Carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Loja, se utilizó un cuestionario validado por expertos de factores de riesgo y protección para el consumo de drogas en jóvenes, con un Alpha de Cronbach de 0,906, y una confiabilidad a partir de 0,80, conformado por 53 ítems que evalúan la presencia/ausencia de seis factores agrupados en 6 dominios. Resultados: en ambos sexos las “Relaciones interpersonales” constituyen un factor protector con 36,67% en hombres y con 53,33% en mujeres, mientras que “preconceptos y valoración de las SPA”, representa un factor de riesgo en hombres 33,33% y en mujeres 40%, la “permisividad social y accesibilidad a las SPA” 46,66 % en mujeres. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo más destacados corresponden a “preconceptos y valoración de las SPA”, “malestar emocional” y “permisividad social y accesibilidad a las SPA”; mientras que “relaciones interpersonales” y “habilidades sociales y de autocontrol” corresponden a los factores protectores más significativos. Palabras claves: sustancias psicoactivas, estudiantes de enfermería, factores de riesgo de sustancias psicoactivas, factores protectores sustancias psicoactivas. ABSTRACT Introduction: The consumption of psychoactive substances (PAS) is a social problem with a great impact on the health of the population and is not only limited to adulthood, but adolescents and young adults can enter into consumption in a way very accelerated. Objective: to establish the risk and protection factors related to the consumption of psychoactive substances in students of the Nursing Career of the National University of Loja. Methods: research with a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional approach, with a random sample of 30 students of the Nursing Career of the National University of Loja, a questionnaire validated by experts of risk and protective factors for drug use was used in young people, with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.906, and a reliability from 0.80, made up of 53 items that evaluate the presence/absence of six factors grouped into 6 domains. Results: in both sexes, "Interpersonal relationships" constitute a protective factor with 36.67% in men and 53.33% in women, while "preconceptions and assessment of PAS" represents a risk factor in men 33, 33% and in women 40%, the “social permissiveness and accessibility to SPAs” 46.66% in women. Conclusions: the most prominent risk factors correspond to "preconceptions and valuation of the SPA", "emotional distress" and "social permissiveness and accessibility of the SPA"; while "interpersonal relationships" and "social and self-control skills" correspond to the most significant protective factors. Keywords: psychoactive substances, nursing students, nursing students, risk factors for psychoactive substances, protective factors psychoactive substances

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Factores relacionados con la intención de desertar en estudiantes de enfermería

Revista Ciencia y Cuidado ◽

10.22463/17949831.1545 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 86-97

Author(s):

Carolina Vargas Porras ◽

Dora Inés Parra ◽

Zayne Milena Roa Díaz

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Vocational Identity ◽

Nursing Program ◽

Drop Out ◽

Dropping Out ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factores De Riesgo ◽

Salud Mental

Objetivo: Determinar los factores relacionados con la intención de desertar en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad pública en Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: estudio de corte transversal analítico. La muestra correspondió a 162 estudiantes de los diferentes niveles académicos. Para identificar los factores de riesgo se creó un cuestionario con 54 ítems que se sometió a validez facial, e incluyó una pregunta para establecer la intención de desertar de la carrera en el último mes. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se construyó un modelo de regresión logística que identificó los factores relacionados con la presencia de intención de desertar de la carrera. El análisis estadístico se realizó en el programa Stata v12 software. Resultados: Promedio de edad de los participantes fue 21 años, el 85% pertenecen al género femenino; el 20% (n=32) declaró haber considerado desertar del programa de enfermería en el último mes, de estos 78% (25/32) cursaban sexto o niveles inferiores. Los factores de riesgo para la intención de desertar fueron: síntomas depresivos de ansiedad y depresión; falta de interés en las asignaturas del programa relacionado con ausencia de identidad vocacional; relación regular con los profesores y pertenecer a estrato socioeconómico bajo. Conclusiones: El interés por las asignaturas y la relación con los profesores están relacionados con la intención de desertar, así como el componente de salud mental y el estrato socioeconómico. Se requieren estudios longitudinales para corroborar estos hallazgos. Palabras Clave: factores de riesgo, deserción, educación superior. Factors relating to nurse students intending to drop out Abstract Objective: Determine factors related to the intention of dropping out of nursing students in public universities in Colombia. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional analytic study. The sample corresponded to 162 students of different academic levels. To identify the risk factors a questionnaire with 54 items was created which was subject to facial validity and included a question to establish the intention of dropping out in the last month. A descriptive analysis was made, and a model of logistic regression was made to identify the factors related to the intention of dropping out. The statistical analysis was made with the program software Statav12. Results: The average age of the participants was 21, 85% were females; 20% (n=32) declared having thought about dropping out from the nursing program in the last month, 78% of these (25/32) were in the sixth semester or earlier in the career. The risk factors for dropping out were: depressive symptoms of anxiety and depression; lack of interest in the classes offered by the program related to absence of vocational identity; regular interaction with the professors and belonging to a low socioeconomic population. Conclusions: The interest in classes and the interaction with the professors are related with the intention of dropping out, as well as the mental health component and the socioeconomic status. Longitudinal studies are required to corroborate these findings. Keywords: risk factors, dropout, higher education. Fatores relacionados com a intenção de desertar em estudantes de enfermagem Resumo Objetivo: Determinar os fatores relacionados com a intenção de desertar em estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública na Colômbia. Materiais e Métodos: estudo de corte transversal analítico. A amostra correspondeu a 162 estudantes dos diferentes níveis acadêmicos. Para identificar os fatores de risco se criou um questionário com 54 itens que se someteu a validade facial, e incluiu uma pergunta para estabelecer a intenção de desertar do curso no último mês. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva e se construiu um modelo de regressão logística que identificou os fatores relacionados com a presença de intenção de desertar do curso de enfermagem. A análise estadística se realizou no programa Stata v12 software. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 21 anos, o 85% pertenceram ao género feminino; o 20% (n=32) declarou haver considerado desertar do programa de enfermagem no último mês, destes 78% (25/32) cursavam sexto ou níveis inferiores. Os fatores de risco para a intenção de desertar foram: sintomas depressivos de ansiedade e depressão; falta de interesse nas disciplinas do programa relacionado com ausência de identidade vocacional; relacionamento regular com os professores e pertencer a baixo estrato socioeconómico. Conclusões: O interesse pelas disciplinas e o relacionamento com os professores estão relacionados com a intenção de desertar, assim como, o componente de saúde mental e o estrato socioeconômico. Requerem-se estudos longitudinais para corroborar estas descobertas. Palavras-chave: educação superior, deserção, fatores de risco.

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The identification of established modifiable mid-life risk factors for cardiovascular disease which contribute to cognitive decline: Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA)

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-020-01783-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yebeen Ysabelle Boo ◽

Otto-Emil Jutila ◽

Meghan A. Cupp ◽

Logan Manikam ◽

Sung-Il Cho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Cognitive Ability ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Higher Educational ◽

Higher Educational Attainment

Abstract Introduction We explored how different chronic diseases, risk factors, and protective factors highly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are associated with dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in Korean elders, with a focus on those that manifest in mid-life. Methods A CVD-free cohort (n = 4289) from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging was selected to perform Cox mixed-effects proportional hazard regressions. Eighteen control variables with strong associations to CVD were chosen as explanatory variables, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score cut-off for dementia and MCI were used as outcome variables. Results The statistically significant (P < 0.05) adverse factors that contribute in developing dementia were age (aHR 1.07, 1.05–1.09), Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) (aHR 1.17, 1.12–1.23), diagnosis with cerebrovascular disease (aHR 3.73, 1.81–7.66), living with diabetes (aHR 2.30, 1.22–4.35), and living with high blood pressure (HBP) (aHR 2.05, 1.09–3.87). In contrast, the statistically significant protective factors against developing dementia were current alcohol consumption (aHR 0.67, 0.46–0.99), higher educational attainment (aHR 0.36, 0.26–0.56), and regular exercise (aHR 0.37, 0.26–0.51). The factors with a statistically significant adverse association with progression to MCI were age (aHR 1.02, 1.01–1.03) and CESD-10 (aHR 1.17, 1.14–1.19). In contrast, the statistically significant protective factors against developing MCI were BMI (aHR 0.96, 0.94–0.98), higher educational attainment (aHR 0.33, 0.26–0.43), and regular exercise (aHR 0.83, 0.74–0.92). Conclusion In lieu of the protective factor of MCI and dementia, implementing regular exercise routine well before mid-life and cognitive decline is significant, with adjustments made for those suffering from health conditions, so they can continue exercising despite their morbidity. Further attention in diabetes care and management is needed for patients who already show decline in cognitive ability as it is likely that their MCI impacts their ability to manage their existing chronic conditions, which may adversely affect their cognitive ability furthermore.

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Support in the education of families at risk within the organization of civil society: The experience of users of the association MoSt

Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija ◽

10.5937/specedreh19-27569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 145-164

Author(s):

Toni Maglica ◽

Maja Ljubetić ◽

Ante Grčić

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

At Risk ◽

Civil Society ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Ecological Model ◽

Service Providers ◽

Civil Society Organizations ◽

The Family

Introduction. Some families need additional support in performing a demanding parenting role, especially families at risk who do not have suffcient capacity to adequately respond to the child's needs. The functioning of such families is infuenced by risk factors arising from the family, but also from the wider social environment. Sometimes, the support and the role of a protective factor are taken over by civil society organizations that base their interventions mainly on quality interpersonal relationships and fully and timely meet the needs of children and families at risk. Objective. This research aimed to identify and understand the factors that families at risk perceive as support and assistance. Methods. The theoretical framework of the research is Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of human development. The interview method was used to collect data from 14 participants (mothers, fathers and children), users of the MoSt association from Split. Results. The results obtained by thematic analysis provide insight into: manifest forms of behavioral problems in children in the sample, service providers to families at risk, risk factors leading to the problem, assessment of support by civil society organizations and outcomes of the intervention. Research participants particularly emphasize the feeling of support that arises from the experienced, perceived feeling of comfort, security, friendliness, recognition and acceptance, and even the feeling of "as if you are in a family." Both children and parents value the values behind support, which are respect, friendship, acceptance, and polite, decent communication. Conclusion. It has been shown that the organization of civil society is a kind of "bridge", i.e. that it moderates and facilitates between the family and state institutions. What is visible in the testimony of the participants is the perceived availability of the organization itself, its resources, services and people, as well as the specifcity of the services provided to the family.

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Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de enfermería de una Universidad privada de Barranquilla 2010-2011

Respuestas ◽

10.22463/0122820x.258 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Herminia Rosa Castellón-Montenegro ◽

Cecilia Rocha-Rodríguez ◽

Lina Montes-Rodríguez ◽

Gloria Elena Lastre-Amell

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Private University ◽

Psychoactive Substances ◽

Remarkable Change ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Medical Toxicologist ◽

Adverse Health Effects ◽

Role Of Nursing ◽

Consumo De Sustancias ◽

Uso De Sustancias

Objetivos: Determinar los conocimientos actitudes y prácticas relacionados con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad privada del distrito de Barranquilla. Metodología: información obtenida directamente de la aplicación de la encuesta de 37 preguntas la cual fue diseñada por un médico toxicólogo, docente del área de farmacología de la División de Salud de la Universidad del Norte a los estudiantes de los distintos semestres para un total de 198. Este proceso se llevó a cabo en tres momentos: la socialización del estudio a los estudiantes y docentes de cada acompañantes; aplicación encuesta y por último, análisis y procesamiento de los resultados. Resultados: de los 198 estudiantes, menos del 70% de ellos considera que las sustancias mencionadas son drogas, a pesar que el total de ellas son consideradas como tal. Más del 80% de las estudiantes conoce que las drogas producen efectos perjudiciales para la salud, a excepción de la benzodiacepina, orlasteina y LSD cuyos conocimientos son muy escasos. En general (mas del 88%), de los estudiantes rechazan todo tipo de intencion de legalizar la produccion, trafico o consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (SPA), y apoyan todo esfuerzo del gobierno en erradicarlas y establecer programas que frenen su consumo. Del total de los estudiantes, aproximadamente un 97% de ellos no han hecho uso de sustancias psicoactivas, a excepción del alcohol y de la nicotina. Conclusiones: Este estudio revela el importante papel que desempeñan los programas y escuelas de enfermería frente a la problemática de consumo de SPA, en la medida, en que los semestres son más complejos se observa un notable cambio de actitud y un nivel de conocimientos superior. La tarea de la educación en SPA es vital para concertar acciones interinstitucionales, interdisciplinares e intersectoriales para hacer promoción, prevención, tratamiento, rehabilitación y reinserción social de sujetos vulnerables y consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas en nuestra región.Abstract Objectives: To determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to the use of psychoactive drugs in nursing students from a private university district of Barranquilla. Method: Information obtained directly from the application of the survey of 37 questions which was designed by a medical toxicologist , professor of pharmacology area of the Health Division of the Universidad del Norte to students of different semesters for a total of 198. This process took place in three stages: the socialization of study students and teachers of each escort, survey implementation and finally, analysis and processing of the results. Results: Of the 198 students, less than 70% of them feel that the above substances are drugs, although the total of them considered as such. Over 80% of the students know that drugs produce adverse health effects, except for benzodiazepine, and LSD Orlasteina whose skills are scarce. In general (over 88%), our students reject all kinds of intention to legalize the production, trafficking or consumption of Psychoactive Substances (PSS), and support all efforts to eradicate government and establish programs to curb consumption. Of all students, about 97% of them have not made use of psychoactive substances, with the exception of alcohol and nicotine. Conclusion: This study reveals the important role of nursing programs and schools face the problem of consumption of PSS, as the semesters are more complex there is a remarkable change of attitude and a higher level of knowledge. The task of education is vital to arrange PSS agency actions, interdisciplinary and intersectorial for promotion, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and social reintegration of vulnerable subjects and consumers of psychoactive substances in our region.Palabras claves: Actitudes, Conocimientos, Drogas, Educación, Enfermería, Practicas, Prevención, Sustancias Psicoactivas.

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What influences the infection of COVID-19 in healthcare workers?

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.13005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 1231-1237

Author(s):

Xiaoquan Lai ◽

Qian Zhou ◽

Xinping Zhang ◽

Li Tan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Examination ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Hospital Response

Introduction: The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread worldwide. The evidence about risk factors of healthcare workers who infected COVID-19 is limited. This study aims to describe characteristics and influencing factors of the COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers. Methodology: The study was performed among COVID-19 infected and uninfected healthcare workers in three hospitals in Wuhan. A total of 325 healthcare workers participated; among them 151 COVID-19-infected healthcare workers were included. Characteristics of infected healthcare workers, and influencing factors including exposure histories, the use of protective equipment in different risk conditions and areas, perceptions, emotions, satisfactions and educations were described and analyzed. Results: Healthcare workers got infected clustered mostly in the physical examination center. When performing general operations on confirmed or suspected patients, the use of protective equipment including the effectiveness of masks (p < 0.001), gloves (p < 0.001); and the use of gloves (p < 0.001), suits (p < 0.001), gowns (p < 0.001), shoe covers (p < 0.001), and hats (p < 0.001) were protective factors. The use of protective equipment was a protective factor in most cases. Negative emotions and dissatisfaction to the hospital response were associated with the increased risk of infection. Conclusions: The use of protective equipment, emotions and satisfactions to hospital responses are key COVID-19-infected factors. The awareness, the supply and the use of protective equipment, the layout of departments and other environmental and management factors should be strictly equipped. In addition, hospitals should also pay attention to emotions and satisfaction of healthcare workers.

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Differences in psychoactive substances and psychotropic drugs use among Medical and Psychology students at exam time / Diferencias en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y psicofármacos entre estudiantes de Medicina y Psicología en época de exámenes

Health and Addictions/Salud y Drogas ◽

10.21134/haaj.v11i1.20 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

José Luis Carballo ◽

María Marín Vila ◽

Carmen Pons Torres ◽

José Pedro Espada ◽

José Antonio Piqueras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychotropic Drugs ◽

Prior Information ◽

Psychology Students ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Psychoactive Substances ◽

Factores De Riesgo ◽

Anxiety Levels ◽

Consumo De Sustancias ◽

Psychology And Medicine ◽

De Medicina

El aumento del estrés entre universitarios en época de exámenes se ha relacionado con el incremento del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y psicofármacos. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido describir y analizar las diferencias en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y psicofármacos entre estudiantes de Medicina y Psicología en época de exámenes. Se reclutaron 257 estudiantes de la Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, pertenecientes a distintos cursos de Psicología (n= 154) y Medicina (n= 103) y con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 25 años. Se aplicaron distintos cuestionarios durante los días de exámenes que recogían el consumo de distintas sustancias psicoactivas y psicofármacos, además de los niveles de ansiedad y depresión de los participantes. En cuanto a los resultados obtenidos, los estudiantes de Psicología mostraron un mayor consumo de drogas de uso recreativo (p.ej.: tabaco, cannabis), mientras que los de Medicina presentaron un mayor consumo de psicofármacos, además de mayores niveles de ansiedad y depresión. El nivel de información previa sobre las sustancias o la accesibilidad a las mismas, podrían haber influido en las diferencias entre titulaciones, por lo que futuros estudios podrían centrarse en la evaluación de estos factores de riesgo. AbsctractThe increase in stress among university students at exam time has been associated with an increase in the consumption of psychoactive substances and psychotropic drugs. The aim of this paper was to describe and analyze the differences in the consumption of psychoactive substances and psychotropic drugs among Medical and Psychology students at exam time. A total of 257 students of Miguel Hernández University were involved in this study. The participants, aged between 17 and 25, were selected from different years of Psychology and Medicine degrees. Several questionnaires were used to assess the consumption of psychoactive substances and psychotropic drugs, as well as depression and anxiety levels. Regarding the results, Psychology students showed a higher consumption of recreational drugs, such as tobacco or cannabis. However, Medical students reported a higher consumption of psychotropic drugs, besides more depression and anxiety. The level of prior information about the substances or the accessibility to them might have influenced the differences between both degrees, so that future papers should focus on the assessment of these risk factors.

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Occupational stress related to the use of psychoactive substances among nurses who working in university hospital

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/reuol.1033-9524-1-le.0404201005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1613

Author(s):

Taciana Mirella Batista dos Santos ◽

Iracema Da Silva Frazão ◽

Delmilena Maria Ferreira de Aquino

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Stress Factors ◽

University Hospital ◽

Psychoactive Substances ◽

Demographic Profiles ◽

Open Sector ◽

Factores De Riesgo ◽

Study Population ◽

The Individual ◽

Relationships Management

ABSTRACTObjective: identify the major stressors related to psychoactive substances shown in nurses from units opened and closed at a university hospital in the city of Recife-PE. Method: the study population was composed of 44 nurses who work in open and closed units of the hospital. The analysis of data was composed of two parts: characterization of the population with 17 questions and sources of stress factors and with 49 questions grouped into five categories (conflict of duties, on the workload, interpersonal relationships, management of personnel and critical situations). This project was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research of Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Protocol No. 069/2008. Results: the open sector showed the highest score of stress. With the data we trace the socio-demographic profiles and occupational sample. The stress on the activity of nurses is related to several variables and the individual. Conclusion: according to these findings there is a need to discuss the working conditions of nurses, regardless of their area of operation because the successful delivery of patient care and family is with professionals who are ready globally, ie in sense of knowledge, emotions and actions with structure adequada. Descriptors: stress; risk factors; nursing.RESUMOObjetivo: identificar os principais estressores relacionados com as substancias psicoativas evidenciados nos enfermeiros de unidades abertas e fechadas de um hospital universitário da cidade de Recife-Pe. Método: a população do estudo foi formada por 44 enfermeiros que atuam em unidades abertas e fechadas do hospital. A análise de dados foi composta de duas partes: caracterização da população com 17 perguntas e fatores e fontes de estresse com 49 perguntas agrupadas em cinco categorias (conflito de funções, sobre carga de trabalho, relacionamento interpessoal, gerenciamento de pessoal e situações críticas) Este projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, protocolo nº 069/2008. Resultados: o Setor aberto apresentou o maior escore de estresse. Com os dados obtidos conseguimos traçar os perfis sócio-demográficos e ocupacionais da amostra. O estresse na atividade do enfermeiro está relacionado a diversas variáveis e ao próprio indivíduo. Conclusão: segundo estes achados observa-se a necessidade de discutir as condições de trabalho do enfermeiro, independente de sua área de atuação, pois o sucesso da prestação da assistência ao paciente e família se faz com profissionais que estejam preparados globalmente, isto é, no sentido de conhecimentos, emoções e atuação com estrutura adequada. Descritores: estresse; fatores de risco; enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar los principales factores de tensión relacionados con sustancias psicoactivas se muestra en las enfermeras de las unidades abiertas y cerradas en un hospital universitario de la ciudad de Recife-PE. Método: La población de estudio estuvo compuesto de 44 enfermeros que trabajan en las unidades abiertas y cerradas de los hospitales. El análisis de los datos se compone de dos partes: la caracterización de la población con 17 preguntas y fuentes de factores de estrés y con 49 preguntas agrupadas en cinco categorías (de conflicto de derechos, sobre la carga de trabajo, las relaciones interpersonales, la gestión de personal y de situaciones críticas). Este proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación con Seres Humanos de la Universidad Federal de Pernambuco, el Protocolo N º 069/2008. Resultados: La apertura del sector mostró el puntaje más alto de estrés. Con los datos que traza el perfil socio-demográfica y ocupacionales muestra. El estrés en la actividad de las enfermeras está relacionado con diversas variables y el individuo. Conclusión: De acuerdo con estos resultados es necesario examinar las condiciones de trabajo del personal de enfermería, independientemente de su zona de operaciones, porque el éxito de la entrega de la asistencia al paciente y la familia está con los profesionales que están preparados a nivel mundial, es decir, en sentido de los conocimientos, las emociones y acciones con la estructura adecuada. Descriptores: estrés; factores de riesgo; de enfermería.

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Risk factors and protection in school and the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use among brazilian and spanish students

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/reuol.637-7020-1-le.0402201006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 490

Author(s):

Kátia Stancato ◽

María Pérez Solís ◽

Isaac Garrido Gutiérrez ◽

Ana Carolina Gaban ◽

Caroline Coceição Bispo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Public And Private ◽

Multicenter Survey ◽

No Consumption ◽

Factores De Riesgo ◽

The Subject ◽

Peripheral Areas

ABSTRACTObjectives: to know the similarities and differences in consumption patterns, experiences, information and belief, the influence of protective factors and risk of legal drug in Brazilian and Spanish children. Method: a multicenter survey sampling intentional comparing public and private schools in central and peripheral areas. Participants 1012 children, 720 Spanish and 292 in Brazil, aged 11 years. The six questionnaires were administered to students after the study was approved by the Ethics in Research of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, Unicamp (number protocol 633/2008). Results: the level of participants' age, protective factors and risk do not work, but did not specify the subject as the various factors exert their effect on their behavior related to alcohol and tobacco. Once the protective factors and risk work in relationships, to modulate and interfere with each other, so it is difficult to figure out how to relate to each other. Conclusion: It is supported by the fact that we found a very small number of significant differences when analyzing gender differences in the binding of protective factors with no consumption and risk factors of tobacco use. Descriptors: risk factors; smoking; alcoholism; child; alcohol drinking; tabacco; education.RESUMOObjetivo: conhecer as similaridades e diferenças de padrões de consumo, experiências, informação e a opinião, a influência dos fatores de proteção e de risco de droga legal em crianças brasileiras e espanhóis. Método: inquérito multicêntrico com técnica de amostragem do tipo intencional comparando-se escolas públicas e particulares de áreas periféricas e centrais. Participaram 1012 crianças, sendo 720 espanholas e 292 brasileiras, com idade de 11 anos. Os seis questionários foram aplicados aos alunos após a aprovação do estudo pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Unicamp, com parecer nº 633/2008. Resultados: no nível de idade dos participantes, os fatores de proteção e de risco não funcionam, não discriminando os sujeitos à medida que os diversos fatores exercem seu efeito sobre seu comportamento, relacionados às bebidas alcoólicas e ao tabaco. Outrora, os fatores de proteção e de risco atuam em inter-relação, modulam-se e interferem entre si, de modo que é difícil descobrir como se relacionam entre si. Conclusão: é apoiada pelo fato de encontrarmos um número muito pequeno de diferenças significativas, quando se analisam as diferenças de gênero na vinculação dos fatores de proteção com o não consumo e dos fatores de risco com o consumo. Descritores: fatores de risco; tabagismo; alcoolismo; criança; consumo de bebidas alcóolicas; tabaco; educação.RESUMENObjetivos: conocer las similitudes y diferencias en los patrones de consumo, experiencias, información y creencia, la influencia de los factores protectores y de riesgo de las drogas legales en los niños brasileños y españoles. Método: un estudio multicéntrico de un muestreo intencional escuelas públicas y privadas que comparan en las zonas centrales y periféricas. Participantes 1012 niños, 720 españoles y 292 en Brasil, de 11 años. Los seis se administraron cuestionarios a los estudiantes después de que el estudio fue aprobado por la Ética en la Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, la Unicamp (nº 633/2008). Resultados: el nivel de edad de los participantes, los factores protectores y de riesgo no funcionan, pero no especificó el tema como los diversos factores que ejercen su efecto en su comportamiento relacionados con el alcohol y el tabaco. Una vez que los factores protectores y de riesgo en las relaciones de trabajo, para modular e interferir unos con otros, así que es difícil imaginar cómo se relacionan entre sí. Conclusión: Se apoya en el hecho de que encontramos un número muy pequeño de diferencias significativas cuando se analizan las diferencias de género en la unión de los factores de protección que no consumo y factores de riesgo de consumo de tabaco. Descriptores: factores de riesgo; tabaquismo; el alcoholismo; niño; consumo de bebidas alcohólicas; tabaco; educación.

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Suicide Leap of an 11-Year-Old Girl with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Global Pediatric Health ◽

10.1177/2333794x20960278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 2333794X2096027

Author(s):

Yuki Takahashi ◽

Katsunaka Mikami ◽

Fumiaki Akama ◽

Yuichi Onishi ◽

Kenji Yamamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Adjustment Disorder ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Parent Child Relationship ◽

Predisposing Factor

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been linked with risk of suicide, and several cases of suicide attempts by adolescents with ASD have been reported. However, there is scant research on therapeutic approaches to prevent suicide re-attempts by children with ASD who have already attempted suicide. We report our experience of treating an 11-year-old girl with adjustment disorder comorbid with ASD who was transported to our hospital after sustaining injuries from the suicide leap. Initially, she was diagnosed with adjustment disorder brought on by poor interpersonal relationships at school, and, upon reviewing the patient’s personal history, her underlying ASD characteristics became apparent. To prevent a re-attempt, it was crucial to reduce her risk factors and enhance her protective factors. To reduce her risk factors, we manipulated the environmental factor that triggered the patient’s suicide attempt. In addition, to reinforce her protective factors, we intervened in the parent-child relationship and addressed her hesitation to ask for help, which we identified as a predisposing factor since early childhood. Over the course of her treatment, she did not exhibit suicidal ideation or re-attempt suicide.

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Social, Economic and Human Capital: Risk or Protective Factors in Sexual Violence?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020777 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 777

Author(s):

Paola Ilabaca Baeza ◽

José Manuel Gaete Fiscella ◽

Fuad Hatibovic Díaz ◽

Helena Roman Alonso

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Social Capital ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Social Economic ◽

Protective Role ◽

Artificial Neural Network Analysis ◽

Structural Social Capital

In Chile, studies on protective factors and risk factors for sexual violence are limited and very few have incorporated analysis of different types of capital (social, economic, human) as social resources in the protection against sexual violence. The objective of this research is to evaluate to what extent the stock of different capitals act together, as either protective or risk factors in sexual violence in different interpersonal environments. The sample consisted of 1665 women between 15 and 30 years of age (M = 23.47, SD = 4.41). Artificial neural network analysis and social network analysis were used. The nodes representative of human and economic capital have a protective role of low relevance due to their position in the network, while the nodes of social capital acquire a structural relevance due to the central positions of the network. It is concluded that the structural social capital of neighborhood networks constitutes the main protective factor for sexual violence in all areas, and in turn, the structural social capital of networks with non-significant others was the main risk factor in sexual victimization.

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