ИНФОРМАЦИОННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ: ОТ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО К ЛОКАЛЬНОМУ ИЗМЕРЕНИЮ

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
S. V. Oleynikov
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
New Media ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Security Of Network

This article discusses the existing threats and approaches to the implementation of information confrontation, the problems of information-psychological and cognitive security in the global dimension. The main methods and means of informational influence on the mass audience, actively used by traditional media and now new media, are presented. The analysis of modern literary sources allowed us to conclude that modern science pays a lot of attention to the problems of information security. At the same time, there is a dominance of research ascertaining nature, limited to the description of destructive phenomena. In this connection, it was noted the need to develop real measures that can prevent the negative effects of information exposure, increasing the cognitive security of network users. The use of the concepts of information and national security in one synonymous row brings the problem of countering information terrorism far beyond the purely scientific sphere. The participation of state and public institutions, including the media, in the development of protective mechanisms for the safe use of network resources can significantly enhance the effect and minimize the development of destructive manifestations. The article also provides examples of the use of manipulation, disinformation and soft power in the framework of information wars and shows their relevance both in historical retrospect and nowadays. The global tendencies of informational confrontation in the political, economic, ideological spheres are the result of the existence of civilizational systems that are diametrically opposite in nature both in synchrony and in diachrony. The problem of information security at the local level to a greater extent acquires an applied nature and is amenable to analysis in the context of a specific socio-cultural situation. Thus, the article presents data on the manifestation of information confrontation in Pridnestrovye and attitudes towards attempts by official media to increase the degree of tension in the region.

scholarly journals The Influence of Bisphenol A (BPA) on Neuregulin 1-Like Immunoreactive Nerve Fibers in the Wall of Porcine Uterus

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Rytel
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Double Immunofluorescence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Neuregulin 1 ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance commonly used in the manufacture of plastics, shows multidirectional negative effects on humans and animals. Due to similarities to estrogens, BPA initially leads to disorders in the reproductive system. On the other hand, it is known that neuregulin 1 (NRG-1) is an active substance which enhances the survivability of cells, inhibits apoptosis, and protects tissues against damaging factors. Because the influence of BPA on the nervous system has also been described, the aim of the present study was to investigate for the first time the influence of various doses of BPA on neuregulin 1-like immunoreactive (NRG-1-LI) nerves located in the porcine uterus using the routine single- and double-immunofluorescence technique. The obtained results have shown that BPA increases the number and affects the neurochemical characterization of NRG-1-LI in the uterus, and changes are visible even under the impact of small doses of this toxin. The character of observed changes depended on the dose of BPA and the part of the uterus studied. These observations suggest that NRG-1 in nerves supplying the uterus may play roles in adaptive and protective mechanisms under the impact of BPA.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF BUDGET DECENTRALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORMS IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
Taisiia BONDARUK ◽  
Oksana VINNYTSKA ◽  
Maksym DUBYNA
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Main Motive ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Budget Decentralization

Introduction.The urgency of studying theoretical foundations of budget decentralization for Ukraine is conditioned by the necessity of developing an effective scheme of macroeconomic regulation of social and economic processes in the context of decentralization. The process of social and economic development in Ukraine on a democratic and legal basis is impossible without increasing the role of the local self-government. Decentralization is one of the main motive forces in reforming self-government today. The purposeis deepening theoretical and methodological principles of budget decentralization and theoretical aspects of budget decentralization with the definition of its influence on processes of state regulation in Ukraine. Results.It is substantiated that in modern science theoretical aspects of decentralization are considered in relation to its types. The classification of decentralization types is carried out depending on their characteristics: financial (fiscal) one is the process of distribution of functions, financial resources and responsibility for their use between central and local levels of management; budget one, in the broadest sense, is the division of responsibility between authorities of different levels (including national governments, regional authorities and local self-government bodies) with the management of budgetary resources; in the narrow sense it is the presence of certain functions and powers at the local level, autonomy of local authorities in making independent decisions in the fiscal sphere. Conclusions.It is substantiated that budget and financial decentralization considerably influences the formation of local budgets. It is found that the decentralization course shows both prospects and problems of the Ukrainian development. Grouping the main benefits and positive effects of decentralization is carried out. The research analysis made it possible to establish that decentralization may have the risks and dangers grouped in the article.

scholarly journals Risiko Online Pada Remaja dan Pendidikan Literasi Media Baru

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Amia Luthfia
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Literacy Curriculum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Line ◽  
New Media Literacy ◽  
Search For Information

Teenager aged 10-19 years is the digital native generation and thetj are connected with the virtual world almost every time. Online activities they do, among others, are connected through social media, search for information on various websites, downloading music, watching movies via YouTube, read the news, play on-line games, and etc. Teens' on-line activity behind it has a variety of risks and should be examined together with any kind of on-line risks experienced by adolescents as a first step in order to minimize the negative effects that rcould occur. This article contains a study of the conceptualization of on-line risk, scope and classification of on-line risk; featuring a wide range of research<br />011 the influence of social environment on the risk of on-line teens; and attempts to deal with the risk of negative media that hit young people through new media literacy education. Media literacy curriculum that already exist.&gt;hould be adapted to the characteristics of new media. At its core, the new media literacy should include: (1) media literacy; (2) d igital technologtj literacy; (3) civil and social respol?sibility; and ( 4) imagination and creativih;.

scholarly journals Integrating Food Culture with Socio-Environmental Recovery: Case Study Perspectives from the Global South

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Lea Rekow
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Environmental Restoration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Restoration Planning ◽  
Environmental Recovery

This paper discusses how local-level food systems, social remediation and environmental restoration can be linked to increase stability and build resilience inside extremely vulnerable communities. Specifically, it details how food culture entwines with socio-environmental restoration to benefit three low-income urban and peri-urban communities located in Thailand, India and Brazil. It aims to add to an existing body of knowledge that resides at the nexus of food, socio-environmental restoration and informality. It details effective, proven initiatives that have been regionally replicated to support marginalized communities to better cope with the negative effects of simultaneous stressors. It posits that imaginative visioning can be applied to simultaneously cultivate food security, remediate neglected lands and improve socio-economic opportunity. It provides a contribution to the field of social-ecological restoration planning in relation to food studies in lowest-income contexts.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Degradation of Abandoned Farmland and Associated Eco-Environmental Risks in the High Mountains of the Nepalese Himalayas

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Chaudhary ◽  
Yukuan Wang ◽  
Amod Mani Dixit ◽  
Narendra Raj Khanal ◽  
Pei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Plant Colonization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Abandoned Farmland ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Globally, farmland abandonment has been a major phenomenon for eco-environmental and social landscape changes in the mountain regions. Farmland abandonment led to endangering the capacity of mountain ecosystems as well as variety of eco-environmental processes that play a pivotal role in regional as well local level eco-environment security. This research aims to (i) assess the spatiotemporal degradation of abandoned farmlands, (ii) identify the major causes of farmland degradation, and (iii) analyze the eco-environmental risks triggered or exacerbated by the degradation of abandoned farmlands. We conducted an inventory of the spatiotemporal distribution of abandoned farmlands and their degradation status with Google earth images and by modeling and interpreting low-height remote sensing images taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Geomorphic damages were mapped at the scale of individual abandoned farms. A multivariate regression statistical (MRS) model was used to identify the major causes of degradation. This research revealed that out of the total surveyed farmlands, 92% were already completely irreversibly damaged. The damages started with the disruption of terraces and bulging processes that occurred within the year after abandonment. This degradation induced diverse hazardous processes, such as landslides, debris flows, rock falls, the formation of gullies, soil erosion, and the development of sinkholes, which increase the negative effects of on both land resources and plant succession. Farmland abandonment does not automatically lead to plant colonization because geomorphic damage is intensified prior to colonization. Therefore, land management is required for plant colonization as well as other efforts to reduce degradation induced eco-environmental risk. This study thus could help land planners and environmentalists in the development of suitable guidelines (pre- or post-abandonment) plans, programmes, and legislation to effectively address the problem of abandoned farmland.

Institutional embeddedness renewal or overembeddedness

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Transition ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Institutional Embeddedness ◽  
Performance Effects

Purpose – Viewing business groups as institutionally embedded agents, the purpose of this paper is to theoretically addresses the distinctions between institutional embeddedness renewal and overembeddedness, and empirically analyzes the proposed effecting mechanisms in the context of China. Design/methodology/approach – The paper predicts the specific performance effects accompanying the collective and local processes governing systematic institutional embeddedness phenomena, and examine the proposed hypotheses using a real experimental setting of Chinese business groups during the period of enterprise reform and stock market liberalization, employing data on 38 business groups in the textile industry from 2000 to 2008. Findings – The results of the econometric analysis support an optimistic view that business groups can strategically renew their embeddedness even in the late stages of market-oriented institutional transition as in China. Specifically: first, the positive effect of the self-enhancing isomorphic pressure around both the new and the old institutions implies the relative dominance of systematic institutional embeddedness renewal within business group communities; second, at the local level, institutional strategies promoting the market orientation of adopted organizational forms bring about not only positive but also negative effects, suggesting the need to manage a simultaneous significant risk of overembeddedness. Originality/value – The paper establishes an institutional strategy framework to predict potential effects associated with systematic institutional embeddedness phenomena, such as institutional embeddedness renewal and overembeddedness, in the context of market-oriented institutional transition.

scholarly journals Planning the Location of Stop Smoking Services at the Local Level: A Geographic Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie N. Tomintz ◽  
Graham P. Clarke ◽  
Janette E. Rigby
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Small Area Level ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Location Strategies

AbstractSmoking is one of the major causes of premature death and its negative effects on a person's health are a global issue. Therefore, the United Kingdom has introduced new policies aimed at reducing the proportion of smokers from 26% in 2005 down to 21% by 2010. One mechanism to meet this policy target is the provision of stop smoking services. This article aims to estimate the Leeds smoking population at the small area level and especially to highlight the distribution of hard-to-reach groups such as heavy smokers (> 20 cigarettes/day) and pregnant women who smoke. Then optimal location strategies are discussed in relation to stop smoking services. The findings show the importance of adding a spatial component to find out where the smoking population or specific subgroups of smokers are to support policymakers or healthcare planners who are responsible for the planning process of the services.

On-Line and on Message? Candidate Websites in the 2001 General Election

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Ward ◽  
Rachel Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Media ◽  
Local Level ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Use Of The Internet

The 2001 General Election generated considerable interest and also much criticism of politicians' use of the Internet. Via content analysis, search engines and database material, this article examines candidates' and local constituency parties' on-line activity in three areas: first, the extent of Internet use by candidates and local parties—who and how many candidates had live websites for the election?; second, the pattern of on-line activity at the local level—where were parties/candidates on-line?; and third, what were candidates doing on-line—did candidates experiment with interactivity, or use the new media as another top-down communication tool? The survey indicates that use of the Internet was patchy and websites often acted as little more than static on-line leaflets. Moreover, the overall impact of the Internet on electoral outcomes was minimal and use of the technology by itself is unlikely to herald the coming of e-democracy. However, we also argue that some of the criticism levelled at parties is misplaced and that there are good reasons why parties have so far behaved cautiously.

Remapping Hong Kong popular music: covers, localisation and the waning hybridity of Cantopop

Popular Music ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu-Wai Chu ◽  
Eve Leung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Media ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
World City ◽  
Popular Songs ◽  
Global Status ◽  
Popular Music Industry ◽  
Original Songs ◽  
Radio Campaign

AbstractEver since its sovereignty reverted to China, Hong Kong has been torn between its national (in terms of China and its ‘soft’ power) and global status (as ‘Asia's World City’). In this special context, Hong Kong's singular, ambiguous but prolific existence ceased. This paper endeavours to map ‘Cantopop’ (Chinese popular songs) on the new media landscape and examine its decline in the context of the rise and fall of cover versions. Cantopop was once very popular, not only in Hong Kong but also in its neighbouring regions. Its rise in the 1970s was a result of its typical hybridity, an important aspect of which was influenced by the use of cover versions that changed its soundscape. In the mid-1990s, the Cantopop market started to shrink significantly. A radio campaign for localisation advocated the release of original songs aimed at enhancing the development of Cantopop, but in the end proved to have the opposite effect. In the new millennium, ‘Mandapop’ (Mandarin popular songs) has taken on the role as the trend setter of the Chinese popular music industry. We argue in this paper that Cantopop's decline is the result of Hong Kong's loss of hybridity.

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