ANÁLISE POPULACIONAL DO PEIXE–ESPADA, Trichirus lepturus (PERCIFORMES;TRICHIURIDAE), NO ESTUÁRIO DO RIO CAETÉ, COSTA NORTE DO BRASIL

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Gleydson Cordovil ◽  
Mauricio Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
South American ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Estuarine Area ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Trichiurus Lepturus

This study describes frequency distribution of the total length and estimates the weight-length relation of Trichiurus lepturus in the estuary of the Caeté River, northeastern Brazil. These population parameters were compared among four areas along the latitudinal gradient of the South American coast. Samples were gathered in the estuarine area of the Caeté River from October 1996 to August 1997. The total length of T. lepturus at the River varied between 27-81 cm, with a mode at 57 cm. No significant differences were detected among the four stocks. Different stock responses to environmental factors such as food availability, local seasonality and variations among years might probably explain these findings.

ANÁLISE POPULACIONAL DO BAIACU, COLOMESUS PSITTACUS (TETRAODONTIFORMES, TETRAODONTIDAE), NO ESTUÁRIO O RIO CAETÉ, COSTA NORTE DO BRASIL

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Two Populations

This study describes the frequency distribution of total length and estimates of the weight-length relationship for Colomesus psittacus in the estuary of the Caeté River, northeastern Brazil. This population had their biometric parameters compared with those of the Curuça River estuary, also in the northeastern Brazil. The sample of 150 individuals presented a total length for C. psittacus varying between 1,8 and 27 cm, with three modes (3 cm, 7,8 cm e 19,8 cm). Some significant differences were detected between the two populations, suggesting they represent two different stocks.

scholarly journals Distribution of saltmarsh plant communities associated with environmental factors along a latitudinal gradient on the south-west Atlantic coast

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Isacch ◽  
C. S. B. Costa ◽  
L. Rodriguez-Gallego ◽  
D. Conde ◽  
M. Escapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
South West

MS prevalence in New Zealand, an ethnically and latitudinally diverse country

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1422-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce V Taylor ◽  
John F Pearson ◽  
Glynnis Clarke ◽  
Deborah F Mason ◽  
David A Abernethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria

Background: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not uniform, with a latitudinal gradient of prevalence present in most studies. Understanding the drivers of this gradient may allow a better understanding of the environmental factors involved in MS pathogenesis. Method: The New Zealand national MS prevalence study (NZMSPS) is a cross-sectional study of people with definite MS (DMS) (McDonald criteria 2005) resident in New Zealand on census night, 7 March 2006, utilizing multiple sources of notification. Capture—recapture analysis (CRA) was used to estimate missing cases. Results: Of 2917 people with DMS identified, the crude prevalence was 72.4 per 100,000 population, and 73.1 per 100,000 when age-standardized to the European population. CRA estimated that 96.7% of cases were identified. A latitudinal gradient was seen with MS prevalence increasing three-fold from the North (35°S) to the South (48°S). The gradient was non-uniform; females with relapsing—remitting/secondary-progressive (RRMS/SPMS) disease have a gradient 11 times greater than males with primary-progressive MS ( p < 1 × 10-7). DMS was significantly less common among those of Māori ethnicity. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of a robust latitudinal gradient of MS prevalence in New Zealand. This gradient is largely driven by European females with the RRMS/SPMS phenotype. These results indicate that the environmental factors that underlie the latitudinal gradient act differentially by gender, ethnicity and MS phenotype. A better understanding of these factors may allow more targeted MS therapies aimed at modifiable environmental triggers at the population level.

scholarly journals Population parameters and the relationships between environmental factors and abundance of the Acetes americanus shrimp (Dendrobranchiata: Sergestidae) near a coastal upwelling region of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-238
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Freitas dos Santos ◽  
Sabrina Morilhas Simões ◽  
Gabriel Lucas Bochini ◽  
Cinthia Helena Costa ◽  
Rogerio Caetano da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Otter Trawl ◽  
Population Parameters

AbstractThe population dynamics of Acetes americanus was investigated, focusing on the sex ratio, individual growth, longevity, recruitment and relationship between abundance and environmental factors in the region of Macaé, strongly influenced by coastal upwelling. Otter trawl net samplings were performed from July 2010 to June 2011 at two points (5 m and 15 m). Nearly 19,500 specimens, predominantly females (77.15%), were captured. Their sizes, larger than that of males, indicated sexual dimorphism. Shrimps at lower latitudes present larger sizes and longer longevity than those from higher latitudes. This difference is probably due to low temperatures and high primary productivity. Though no statistical correlation was found between abundance and environmental factors, the species was more abundant in temperatures closer to 20.0º C and in months with high chlorophyll-a levels. Due to the peculiar characteristics of this region, A. americanusshowed greater differences in size and longevity than individuals sampled in other studies undertaken in the continental shelf of Southeast Brazil.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection in adults from a poor urban community in northeastern Brazil: demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria N. Rodrigues ◽  
Dulciene M. M. Queiroz ◽  
Rodrigo T. Rodrigues ◽  
Andreia M.C. Rocha ◽  
Manuel B. Braga Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Northeastern Brazil

scholarly journals Trophic structure of a nektobenthic community exploited by a multispecific bottom trawling fishery in Northeastern Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246491
Author(s):  
Alex Souza Lira ◽  
Flávia Lucena-Frédou ◽  
Frédéric Ménard ◽  
Thierry Frédou ◽  
Júlio Guazzelli Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Bottom Trawling ◽  
Trophic Pathways

We used complementary stable isotope (SIA) and stomach content (SCA) analyses to investigate feeding relationships among species of the nektobenthic communities and the potential ecological effects of the bottom trawling of a coastal ecosystem in northeastern Brazil. Carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) compositions were determined for five basal sources and 28 consumers, from zooplankton to shrimp and fish species. Fishes and basal sources showed a broad range of δ15N (fishes: 6.49–14.94‰; sources: 2.58–6.79‰) and δ13C values (fishes: -23.86 to -13.71‰; sources: -24.32 to -13.53‰), while shrimps and crabs exhibited similar nitrogen and carbon ratios. Six trophic consumer groups were determined among zooplankton, crustaceans and fishes by SIA, with trophic pathways associated mostly with benthic sources. SCA results indicated a preference for benthic invertebrates, mainly worms, crabs and shrimps, as prey for the fish fauna, highlighting their importance in the food web. In overall, differences between SCA and the SIA approaches were observed, except for groups composed mainly for shrimps and some species of high δ15N values, mostly piscivorous and zoobenthivores. Given the absence of regulation for bottom trawling activities in the area, the cumulative effects of trawling on population parameters, species composition, potentially decreasing the abundance of benthic preys (e.g., shrimps, worms and crabs) may lead to changes in the trophic structure potentially affect the food web and the sustainability of the fishery.

scholarly journals Different and Unequal: A Qualitative Evaluation of Salient Factors Influencing Energy Intake in Adults with Overweight and Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carlota Dao ◽  
Ellen Messer ◽  
Teresa Conigliaro ◽  
Kylie Sakaida ◽  
Alexis F. Ouellette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Social Pressures ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Environmental factors such as food availability and variety can function as cues for overeating in individuals susceptible to overweight or obesity, but relatively little is known about other types of environmental factors that may also be important. This qualitative study compared and contrasted categories of internal and external cues through focus groups and key informant interviews with 24 adults (26 to 77 years old) in the United States who had a body mass index within the healthy range (21.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2) or had overweight or obesity (29.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2). Five domains of external factors influencing food intake were identified: (a) Environmental cues including food availability and variety; (b) normative expectations for dietary intake; (c) food palatability; (d) overt social pressures to overeat; and (e) perceived social expectations around eating. All external domains were noted by participants with overweight or obesity to be challenging, and solutions to avoid overeating were lacking; however, overt social pressures and perceived social expectations appeared to be especially problematic. By explicitly defining different domains of external factors that challenge healthy weight regulation, this study identifies specific targets to address in interventions for healthy weight management.

scholarly journals Is Myotis lavali (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) endemic to the South American dry diagonal?

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1879-1888
Author(s):  
Marcelo M Weber ◽  
Roberto Leonan M Novaes ◽  
Mariana Delgado-Jaramillo ◽  
Eder Barbier ◽  
Vinícius C Cláudio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
South American ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
The South ◽  
The Core ◽  
Brazil Current ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract Myotis lavali was described from the M. nigricans complex based on museum specimens from the Caatinga of northeastern Brazil. Current records of the species from about 10 localities suggest that M. lavali seems to occur throughout the South American dry corridor, with peripheral records in the Atlantic Forest. Based on new distribution records, we assess if M. lavali is endemic to the South American dry diagonal corridor through species distribution modeling using an ensemble approach. We obtained 35 occurrences for the species and built a consensus scenario based on 12 algorithms to model its distribution. Even using different thresholds to assign presence and absence of M. lavali, 95–99% of its predicted distribution is within the dry corridor, with few areas in the boundary of the Atlantic Forest, especially in deciduous forests. Therefore, our results support that M. lavali is indeed very likely restricted to the dry diagonal and, although it occupies forested areas, the core of its distribution lies in the Caatinga and in the Cerrado regions of Brazil.

Phylogenetic analysis of the South American sharpshooter genus Scopogonalia Young, 1977 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), with implications for conservation

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4885 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-508
Author(s):  
AFONSO H. LEAL ◽  
ANTONIO J. CREÃO-DUARTE ◽  
GABRIEL MEJDALANI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
South American ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ecological Adaptations ◽  
The One

Scopogonalia is a leafhopper genus with 17 described species, all of them from South America. In this work, a phylogenetic analysis of the genus was conducted based on 59 morphological and colour pattern characters of head, thorax, abdomen, male and female genitalia. Analyses with equal weights resulted in 12 equally most parsimonious trees (length = 137) including a monophyletic Scopogonalia in all of them. An implied weights (k = 15) analysis recovered two trees, one of them equal to the one obtained with a single round successive weighting procedure, which was chosen for discussion. The trees support the existence of three main clades, which are here called Early Green Clade, Late Green Clade, and Yellow-Brown Clade. The origin and diversification of each clade is discussed under available biogeographical knowledge of South America. Little variation was observed in the female genitalia, but their characters were useful to reinforce the monophyly of the Yellow-Brown Clade, which we associate to ecological adaptations. This clade supports a past connection of the Cerrado biome and savannah enclaves in Amazonia and Atlantic Forest. This conclusion highlights the necessity of conserving this open vegetation environment inside the most fragmented portion of the Atlantic Forest, in northeastern Brazil. 

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