Creative Methodologies of Da’wah Through Different Phases of a Human’s Life (Metodologi Dakwah Secara Kreatif Mengikut Fasa Kehidupan Manusia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-293
Author(s):  
Maulana Akbar Shah @ U Tun Aung
Keyword(s):  
Married Couples ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
New Born ◽  
Special Groups ◽  
Pregnant Mothers ◽  
Do So

Abstract In addition to compliance with the five pillars of Islam, Da’wah Islamiyyah is an indispensable act for Muslims who view their life missions as to propagate Islam. The act of da’wah is a mission only undertaken by those who are selected to do so, as Allah SWT said: “You are the best of peoples, taken out for mankind, you enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong…,” (Al-Qur’an, Al- `Imran, 3:110). The phrase “you are taken out for mankind” is a very clear phrase which refers to a special group. Many du’at propagate Islam through regular procedures. In this contemporary day and age, it would be more successful if creative da’wah methodologies are used to special groups where special talent is required. Examples of these special target groups are individuals such as [1] pregnant mothers, [2] mothers of new born babies, [3] parents of toddlers, [4] parents of children [5] youth, teenagers and adolescents, [6] married couples, [7] elderly or aged individuals and [8] non-Muslims.  They are good targets to promote Islam. Thus, du’at must have special talents and knowledge to do so. In this regard, du’at must be equipped with exceptional knowledge of the target groups to propagate Islam effectively. The present paper attempts to highlight the distinctive natures of the above mentioned categories of individuals and explores how du’at should approach them when he or she encounters them for the purpose of promoting Islam.        Keywords: Call to Islam, Da’wah Islamiyyah, creative da’wah, creative da’ie, enjoin good, forbid evil.   Abstrak Selain mematuhi 5 rukun Islam, dakwah Islamiyyah tidak dapat diasingkan daripada seseorang Muslim yang bermatlamat untuk menyebarkan ajaran Islam. Berdakwah adalah suatu tugas yang hanya dijalankan oleh mereka yang terpilih. Seperti yang diwahyukan oleh Allah SWT “Kamu adalah sebaik-baik umat yang dilahirkan bagi umat manusia, kerana kamu menyuruh berbuat segala perkara yang baik dan melarang daripada segala perkara yang buruk dan keji...” (Al-Quran, Al-Imran, 3:110). Frasa “umat yang dilahirkan bagi umat manusia”  jelas dinyatakan di mana ia merujuk kepada satu golongan yang istimewa. Kebanyakan pendakwah menyebarkan Islam melalui metodologi yang sudah menjadi kebiasaan. Bagaimanapun, pada zaman ini, pendakwahan akan lebih berjaya jika kaedah yang kreatif digunakan kepada beberapa golongan yang tertentu. Antara contoh golongan yang dimaksudkan adalah [1] wanita yang mengandung, [2] ibu kepada bayi yang baru lahir, [3] ibu bapa kepada anak-anak kecil, [4] ibu bapa kepada kanak-kanak, [5] golongan belia dan remaja, [6] pasangan suami isteri, [7] warga emas, dan [8] golongan bukan Islam. Mereka merupakan sasaran yang sempurna untuk mempelajari Islam. Oleh hal demikian, para pendakwah mesti mempunyai bakat yang istimewa dan ilmu yang mencukupi untuk berdakwah. Para pendakwah juga harus memahami kumpulan sasaran dengan menyeluruh supaya penyebaran ajaran Islam akan lebih berkesan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menggariskan sifat unik golongan yang dinyatakan di atas dan menerokai bagaimana para pendakwah harus mendekati mereka dengan niat untuk menyebarkan Islam.   Kata Kunci: Panggilan kepada Islam, dakwah Islamiyyah, dakwah kreatif, da’ie kreatif, menyuruh kepada kebaikan, menghalang daripada kejahatan.  

Penerapan Mendengarkan Murottal Untuk Menurunkan Nyeri Dismenore Pada Remaja

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1467-1471
Author(s):  
Esti Sulistianti ◽  
Herni Rejeki
Keyword(s):  
Pain Therapy ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Special Groups

AbstractDsymenorrhea is pain in the abdomen which comes from uterine cramps and it occurs during menstruation. One of non-pharmacological therapies to overcome pain is by listening murottal surah Ar-Rahman. This study aims to apply the therapy in the order to reduce the pain in adolescent. It focused on 6 teenagers who had dysmenorrhea pain when getting menstruation. The result stated before appiying the method, they got pain in scale 7-8. Then after appiying murottal listening, this pain reduced into scale 0-3. The conclusion is by listening murottal expected for the teenagers who have this pain to listen murottal. Murottal listening therapy that is done by each member of the special group for teenagers has different declines. Suggestions for members of special groups for adolescents for patients are expected to be able to overcome pain by applying murottal listening according to what has been taught.Keywords: Dysmenorrhea; pain; therapy off murottal AbstrakDismenore merupakan nyeri pada bagian perut yang berasal dari kram rahim dan terjadi selama menstruasi. Terapi nonfarmakologi untuk mengatasi dismenore yaitu dengan mendengarkan murottal surat Ar-Rahman. Tujuan studi kasus adalah menerapkan terapi murottal untuk menurunkan nyeri dismenore pada remaja. Fokus studi kasus ini adalah menerapkan terapi murottal pada remaja yang mengalami dismenore dengan anggota kelompok 6 orang. Hasil penurunan skala nyeri yang sebelum dilakukan terapi murottal 7-8, setelah mendengarkan murottal Ar-rahman skala nyeri turun 0-3. Kesimpulannya adalah mendengarkan murottal dapat menurunkan nyeri dismenore pada anggota kelompok khusus remaja. Terapi mendengarkan murottal yang dilakukan setiap anggota kelompok khusus remaja penurunannya berbeda-beda. Saran bagi anggota kelompok khusus remaja bagi pasien diharapkan dapat mengatasi nyeri dengan penerapan mendengarkan murottal sesuai yang telah diajarkan.Kata kunci: Dismenore; nyeri; terapi murottal

Response to “May a Woman Clone Herself” by Jean Chambers (CQ Vol 10, No 2)

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Reproductive Cloning ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Somatic Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Do So

For many commentators in bioethics and the law, safety is the fulcrum for evaluating the ethics of human reproductive cloning. Carson Strong has argued that if cloning were effective and safe it should be available to married couples who have tried to have children through various assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) but been unable to do so. On his view, cloning should be available only as reproductive last resort. I challenged that limited use by trying to show that the arguments Strong adduces in favor of reproductive somatic nuclear transfer (SNT) for married couples extend to same-sex couples as well, who face a different kind of infertility. I also went on to argue that his justifications would in fact extend the legitimate use of SNT to any couples regardless of whether they had fertility difficulties or not.

Training Navajo Indians as Miners

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 564-564
Author(s):  
W. Aboud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Visual Training ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Special Groups ◽  
Labor Pool ◽  
American Society ◽  
Local Populace

When a mine opens, people must be found to perform all the necessary functions attendant to the mine's operation. Often the local populace is the source of this labor pool. Many of the newer U.S. mines are located in remote, relatively unpopulated regions of the country or regions which are populated by identifiable “special groups” or subpopulations. Utah International Inc., as one of the larger mining companies in the United States, encountered such a special group in the Navajo Indians when opening and operating the Navajo and San Juan Mines in northwestern New Mexico. This paper discusses the problems which arose from differences in cultural, familial, and societal background and experiences from those of the larger American society, how these differences impacted and continue to impact upon training, and the “solutions” by which they were and are handled. An example of such a difference to be discussed is the difficulty getting the desired photography for a visual training presentation. The Navajos believe that a portion of a person's spirit is captured in a photograph and can never be regained; therefore, it is imperative to get the permission of all Navajo individuals who will be in a photograph, slide, or film footage before endeavoring any photography.

We are in this together

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Wagner ◽  
Manuel C. Voelkle ◽  
Christiane A. Hoppmann ◽  
Mary A. Luszcz ◽  
Denis Gerstorf
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Potential Conditions ◽  
Do So

Lifespan theoretical notions have long acknowledged that regulative capacities of the self are relatively robust well into old age. This general trend notwithstanding, people often differ substantially throughout life in their levels of and change trajectories in self-esteem. One prime contributing factor may be perceptions of social inclusion. Because functioning and development in many domains of life are often linked across partners, we examine whether and how self-esteem and its late-life change are intertwined between long-term married partners. To do so, we make use of six occasions over 18-year longitudinal data from 382 married couples in the Australian Longitudinal Study of Aging ( Mage = 75 years at baseline, SD = 5.3, range 65–91). Applying SEM-based continuous time panel models revealed that discrete time autoregressive effects, which capture the stability of self-esteem, were declining over time. Most important for our question, across-partner (cross-lagged) effects indicated substantial differences between spouses such that change in husbands’ self-esteem predicts subsequent changes in the wives’ self-esteem, but not vice versa. We discuss potential conditions and challenges of dyadic associations in how late-life self-esteem and its change are intertwined between partners.

scholarly journals The Appellate Body of the Dispute Settlement Mechanism of the World Trade Organization

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tarek Yahiaoui ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dispute Settlement Mechanism ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
Special Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Settlement Mechanism

The process of dispute settlement at WTO has been delegated to independent entities: private groups that consider cases as first instance structures, and the Appellate Body that hears appeals for special group summaries. For its part, the dispute settlement body (DSB), the political structure composed of all members of the Organization and its primary task is the general administration of the dispute settlement and decision-making system. The recommendations contained in the reports of the Special Groups and the Appellate Body are binding on the parties to the dispute only after the dispute settlement body has adopted them. However, this process of adoption is now almost automatic; in order not to adopt a resolution it is necessary for all members to agree unanimously, according to a technique known as the "reverse consensus" or "negative consensus", which we do not yet know a similar in the international law. The political control exercised by the dispute settlement body remains generally theoretical, because the reverse consensus technique imposed almost as a decision-making mechanism. As long as the complainant insists on his complaint, it is inconceivable that the parties to the dispute are not convinced of the outcome of the dispute and raise a consensus not to adopt a particular report. In fact, if members have not collectively endorsed the abstracts or solutions of special groups or the Appellate Body, they have not prevented the adoption of any report. The appeal procedure is without doubt the most prominent and authentic new addition to the Organization's dispute settlement mechanism established by the Marrakesh Accords. The parties to the dispute seen by the Special Group can only appeal to the Appellate Body within a specified period of the date of the distribution of its report to the members of the Organization. The designation given to this body raises the question: the appeal is aimed at amending or canceling a judgment of the first instance judge by second-tier judges and article 17 (13) of the memorandum of agreement goes in the same context, stating that: The Appellate Body may uphold, modify or reverse the legal findings and conclusions of the panel". Thus, the powers granted to the Appellate Body are not far from those granted to courts of appeal in national legal systems. However, this rapprochement is soon reaching its limit, because judicial practice in national systems gives the appellant the power to review first instance judgment in relation to facts and law. However, the situation is different at the level of the Organization. Article17 (6) defines the appeal “shall be limited to issues of law covered in the Panel report and legal interpretations developed by the Panel.” The Appellate Body, then, is a judge of law who considers violations of the rules of law by the Special Group. Its function is as close as possible to a court of appeal as is known in some national legal systems, such as the French system. We have the right to question the new system of the Appellate Body of the Dispute Settlement Mechanism of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Accords, and the new features that distinguish it from the mechanisms of contemporary international justice, both procedural and functional.

Elementary properties of the Boolean hull and reduced quotient functors

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 946-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Dickmann ◽  
F. Miraglia
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Form ◽  
Algebraic Closure ◽  
Reflection Principle ◽  
Negative Answer ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Natural Embedding ◽  
First Order ◽  
Special Groups

In [12] we proved the following isotropy-reflection principle:Theorem. Let F be a formally real field and let Fp denote its Pythagorean closure. The natural embedding of reduced special groups from Gred(F) into Gred(Fp) = G(FP) induced by the inclusion of fields, reflects isotropy.Here Gred(F) denotes the reduced special group (with underlying group Ḟ/ΣḞ2) associated to the field F, henceforth assumed formally real; cf. [11], Chapter 1, §3, for details.The result proved in [12] is, in fact, more general. For example, the Pythagorean closure Fp can be replaced in the statement above by the intersection of all real closures of F (inside a fixed algebraic closure). Similar statements hold, more generally, for all relative Pythagorean closures of F in the sense of Becker [3], Chapter II, §3.Since the notion of isotropy of a quadratic form can be expressed by a first-order formula in the natural language LSG for special groups (with the coefficients as parameters), this result raises the question whether the embedding ιFFp: Gred(F) ↪ G (Fp) is elementary. Further, since the LSG-formula expressing isotropy is positive-existential, one may also ask whether ιFFp reflects all (closed) formulas ofthat kind with parameters in Gred(F).In this paper we give a negative answer to the first of these questions, for a vast class of formally real (non-Pythagorean) fields F (Prop. 5.1). This follows from rather general preservation results concerning the “Boolean hull” and the “reduced quotient” operations on special groups.

scholarly journals Prevention of respiratory distress disease in pregnancy and newborn: a case review of the capacity of primary healthcare tier in Delta State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Omatseye Akuirene
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Health Inequity ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
New Born ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

The Universal Declaration on Human Rights regarding Primary Health Care (PHC) in Nigeria is to provide adequate and equitable healthcare to pregnant mothers and new born. This includes those who are at risk of respiratory distress disease. The objective of this work is to identify the capacity of PHC in the management of respiratory distress syndrome among pregnant mothers and new born. A narrative review of literatures on respiratory distress performed. There have been shortages of staff and health inequity while improvement in maternal and child mortality rates may be attributable to improved knowledge and health seeking behavior. PHC practitioners’ need to be motivated because they are available and useful in rendering preventive services for respiratory distress disease during pregnancy and new deliveries for better results.

To a Teacher New to Aboriginal Students

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
M. Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Married Couples ◽  
After School ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Aboriginal Students ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Culture Difference ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Do So

Whenever I revisit an Aboriginal community where I am known (and there are several), despite the awkwardness of language and culture difference, I find a sense of relief. Here, while I readjust to Aboriginal English, Kriol or another language, I don’t have to make conversation to fill up the silences. Silence is allowed.I look back and realise I have come to this discovery instinctively and did not always feel at ease with silence. When in 1967 I camped by a billabong on a cattle station and a very shy 16 year old (now my ‘younger sister’) was sent to keep me company at night, I found it an imposition and awkward. I didn’t know what to talk about and she didn’t talk to me much. I would have been less lonely by myself! A teacher recently in the same area spoke of a woman who would call on him after school, and sit and have a cup of tea while he needed to get work done. Gradually he began to do his work while she sat, and realised in time that this was quite acceptable in her culture that he do so.It is very seldom in our society that we are happy with silence in company with others. (Older married couples often don’t talk as much to each other; while in some cases this indicates their being at ease with one another, it is not always so!). Not only do we avoid silences (especially so for women! – some men are more tactiurn), but we expect very prompt responses to questions and comments. I like a little longer to respond than many others; consequently in discussions someone else usually gets in first. But occasionally I find someone slower to respond than I find comfortable. If I get myself to wait just that little bit longer for a response, it is well worth it.

Marriage, Divorce, and Living Arrangements

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL C. GLICK
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
College Education ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Lone Parents ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Critical Age ◽  
Do So

The population base for first marriages reached a peak in 1982, and the corresponding peak for divorces will be reached in about 1990. Both first marriage and remarriage rates have been declining among those in critical age groups and may be expected to continue to do so, barring unforeseen developments. About one-half of the first marriages of young adults today are likely to end in divorce. For second marriages, the projected level is closer to 60%. The divorce rate is highest for those with an incomplete college education and is especially low for those with four years of college. About three-fourths of young divorced persons are likely eventually to remarry. The number of unmarried couples tripled during the 1970s and may double again during the 1980s. One-parent households are expected to continue increasing rapidly while two-parent households actually decrease. But even if the recent trends continue at a moderated rate, the vast majority of Americans in 1990 will probably still be living in homes of married couples with or without children or in homes of lone parents and their young children.

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