EXPERIMENTING ON SETTLING VELOCITIES OF NEGATIVELY BUOYANT MICROPLASTICS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Khatmullina ◽  
Liliya Khatmullina ◽  
Igor Isachenko ◽  
Igor Isachenko ◽  
Elena Esiukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
New Type ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Negatively Buoyant

Presence of small plastic particles (< 5 mm), defined as microplastics, in the ocean and, especially, in coastal areas became evident in the last decade. From physical point of view, this fact indicates emergence of a new type of particles in the ocean. In contrast to the abundance of studies concerning sources, actual distribution and ecological effects of those particles, there are almost no detailed descriptions of physical mechanisms determining their distribution and behavior in the water column. Settling velocities of microplastics were measured in a series of experiments conducted in a 1-meter high glass tank filled with distilled water, in accordance with the typical methodology used in sedimentology. At first approximation, we supposed that the semi-empirical formulations developed for the natural sediments would be applicable to the microplastics. Results of preliminary experiments on microplastics of simple shapes justified this hypothesis. The majority of the implemented equations of settling velocity fitted well with the experimental data. Next step would be to test these formulations on the marine microplastic particles with greater variability in shapes. The research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project number 15-17-10020.

EXPERIMENTING ON SETTLING VELOCITIES OF NEGATIVELY BUOYANT MICROPLASTICS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Khatmullina ◽  
Liliya Khatmullina ◽  
Igor Isachenko ◽  
Igor Isachenko ◽  
Elena Esiukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
New Type ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Negatively Buoyant

Presence of small plastic particles (< 5 mm), defined as microplastics, in the ocean and, especially, in coastal areas became evident in the last decade. From physical point of view, this fact indicates emergence of a new type of particles in the ocean. In contrast to the abundance of studies concerning sources, actual distribution and ecological effects of those particles, there are almost no detailed descriptions of physical mechanisms determining their distribution and behavior in the water column. Settling velocities of microplastics were measured in a series of experiments conducted in a 1-meter high glass tank filled with distilled water, in accordance with the typical methodology used in sedimentology. At first approximation, we supposed that the semi-empirical formulations developed for the natural sediments would be applicable to the microplastics. Results of preliminary experiments on microplastics of simple shapes justified this hypothesis. The majority of the implemented equations of settling velocity fitted well with the experimental data. Next step would be to test these formulations on the marine microplastic particles with greater variability in shapes. The research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project number 15-17-10020.

scholarly journals Post-truth: conceptual and praxiological dimensions

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
V. Y. Vysotskyi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Political Technology ◽  
And Behavior

The article raises the problem of post-truth that is interpreted in conceptual and praxeological dimensions. The author proves that post-truth is an information and political technology that operates through the use of mechanisms of mixing the true with the false, emotionalizing, politainment, populism, cognitive distortions of mass consciousness, actualization and objectification of desires in order to ensure the sympathy of a wide audience to its source, as well as the legitimization of a certain kind of policy and its subjects. In contrast to the truth, which correlates with objective truth, post-truth, presenting an alternative view and assessment of reality, relies on the irrational aspects of human consciousness and behavior, his/her selfish interests, finding justifications for its existence in the effectiveness and efficiency of its action. The assertion of post-truth as a single correct interpretation of reality is helped by the effect of the spiral of silence and the effect of cognitive dissonance. The attitude to post-truth is determined by the place in the structure of power relations that generate and maintain the corresponding narrative. From the standpoint of the subject, a post-truth narrative is defined by its effectiveness and efficiency. From the recipient’s point of view, a post-truth narrative is defined by its ability to satisfy desires, interests, and feelings. In the socio-political space, post-truth plays a role as a new type of propaganda, which justifies the morally questionable policy of future benefits of its implementation for the majority of society to the detriment of political rivals, as well as national and religious minorities. In fact, the era of post-truth is determined by the fact that politics ceases to focus on universal justice, becomes a politics of disregard for minorities and citizens of other countries.

scholarly journals On the peculiarities of anti-plane surface waves propagation for media with microstructured coating

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 03020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. Eremeyev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Surface Elasticity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Surface Strain ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Anisotropic Surface ◽  
New Type ◽  
Long Fibers

We discuss new type of surface waves which exist in elastic media with surface energy. Here we present the model of a coating made of polymeric brush. From the physical point of view the considered model of surface elasticity describes a highly anisotropic surface coating. Here the surface energy model could be treated as 2D reduced strain gradient continuum as surface strain energy depends on few second spatial derivatives of displacements. From the mechanical point of view the proposed model relates to 2D coating made of long fibers undergoing stretching and bending deformations. We consider here anti-plane surface waves. The dispersion relation is derived and its dependence on the material parameters is analysed.

scholarly journals Modern man in the modern world: independence vs manipulation

KANT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Elena Leonidovna Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Information Age ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Society ◽  
New Type ◽  
Human Thinking ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
And Behavior

Today we are talking about the transition to a new type of social structure, and this transition to something new always entails complexity in adaptation and some breaking of familiar stereotypes. The mankind has faced again the necessity to develop new norms. In this article, from the point of view of philosophy, one of the most complex phenomena of the modern information age, is characterized, namely: the modern stage of the human society and its role in the formation and development of human thinking, is studied and analyzed. The article analyses the processes in which the mechanisms of human interaction with the environment manifest themselves, as well as ways to address the destructive processes in the minds and behavior of modern man. Thanks to an extensive historical-philosophical and sociocultural discourse, the main milestones of the transformation of understanding and attitude of a person to the basic existential elements of his being in a crisis situation are shown.

scholarly journals Overview of Student Knowledge,Attitudes, and Behaviors in Implementing Health Protocols During The Covid 19 Pandemi in UMJ Students 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 601-606
Author(s):  
Arum Sri Ambarwati ◽  
Cut Nova Farhalida ◽  
Delika Puspita ◽  
Dhea Meditasari ◽  
Munaya Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Know How ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
New Type ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Covid 19 is a new type of coronavirus that causes respiratory tract infections in humans ranging from cold coughs to more serious ones such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and is contagious. To stop the spread of covid 19, we must implement health protocols in our daily life. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of health protocols from simple to Islamic concepts using qualitative methods with in-depth online interviews taken from 4 UMJ student informants. It was found that there were still students who still did not believe in the existence of Covid-19, knowing that the riskiest spread of covid came from droplets or sneezing, students mentioned 3M and 5M as the health protocols they applied, but the most effective way of prevention is to reduce mobilization in the community. outside the home, in terms of Islam students also know how to maintain cleanliness following religious teachings and pray that this pandemic will end soon. From this research, in implementing the health protocol, UMJ students have implemented it quite well and correctly. The knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of UMJ students in responding to the COVID-19 pandemics are good, starting with implementing 5M, always maintaining cleanliness, and from an Islamic point of view, they understand well.

Do Event-Related Brain Potentials Reflect Mental (Cognitive) Operations?

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Kotchoubey
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

Abstract Most cognitive psychophysiological studies assume (1) that there is a chain of (partially overlapping) cognitive processes (processing stages, mechanisms, operators) leading from stimulus to response, and (2) that components of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) may be regarded as manifestations of these processing stages. What is usually discussed is which particular processing mechanisms are related to some particular component, but not whether such a relationship exists at all. Alternatively, from the point of view of noncognitive (e. g., “naturalistic”) theories of perception ERP components might be conceived of as correlates of extraction of the information from the experimental environment. In a series of experiments, the author attempted to separate these two accounts, i. e., internal variables like mental operations or cognitive parameters versus external variables like information content of stimulation. Whenever this separation could be performed, the latter factor proved to significantly affect ERP amplitudes, whereas the former did not. These data indicate that ERPs cannot be unequivocally linked to processing mechanisms postulated by cognitive models of perception. Therefore, they cannot be regarded as support for these models.

Thanato-Laboratorien. Theorien von Tod und Sterben und Elias Canettis Buch gegen den Tod

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Heyne
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Elias Canetti ◽  
History Of ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
First Time ◽  
Textual Form ◽  
Or History

AbstractAlthough visual culture of the 21th century increasingly focuses on representation of death and dying, contemporary discourses still lack a language of death adequate to the event shown by pictures and visual images from an outside point of view. Following this observation, this article suggests a re-reading of 20th century author Elias Canetti. His lifelong notes have been edited and published posthumously for the first time in 2014. Thanks to this edition Canetti's short texts and aphorisms can be focused as a textual laboratory in which he tries to model a language of death on experimental practices of natural sciences. The miniature series of experiments address the problem of death, not representable in discourses of cultural studies, system theory or history of knowledge, and in doing so, Canetti creates liminal texts at the margins of western concepts of (human) life, science and established textual form.

GROUNDWATER TIME SERIES

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIK ERIKSSON
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Fort Collins ◽  
Statistical Sense ◽  
Full Benefit ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Prediction Problems

The term “stochastic hydrology” implies a statistical approach to hydrologic problems as opposed to classic hydrology which can be considered deterministic in its approach. During the International Hydrology Symposium, held 6-8 September 1967 at Fort Collins, a number of hydrology papers were presented consisting to a large extent of studies on long records of hydrological elements such as river run-off, these being treated as time series in the statistical sense. This approach is, no doubt, of importance for future work especially in relation to prediction problems, and there seems to be no fundamental difficulty for introducing the stochastic concepts into various hydrologic models. There is, however, some developmental work required – not to speak of educational in respect to hydrologists – before the full benefit of the technique is obtained. The present paper is to some extent an exercise in the statistical study of hydrological time series – far from complete – and to some extent an effort to interpret certain features of such time series from a physical point of view. The material used is 30 years of groundwater level observations in an esker south of Uppsala, the observations being discussed recently by Hallgren & Sands-borg (1968).

scholarly journals Human-Centered AI to Support an Adaptive Management of Human-Machine Transitions with Vehicle Automation

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Thierry Bellet ◽  
Aurélie Banet ◽  
Marie Petiot ◽  
Bertrand Richard ◽  
Joshua Quick
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
End Users ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Perceived Utility ◽  
New Type ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Vehicle Automation

This article is about the Human-Centered Design (HCD), development and evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm aiming to support an adaptive management of Human-Machine Transition (HMT) between car drivers and vehicle automation. The general principle of this algorithm is to monitor (1) the drivers’ behaviors and (2) the situational criticality to manage in real time the Human-Machine Interactions (HMI). This Human-Centered AI (HCAI) approach was designed from real drivers’ needs, difficulties and errors observed at the wheel of an instrumented car. Then, the HCAI algorithm was integrated into demonstrators of Advanced Driving Aid Systems (ADAS) implemented on a driving simulator (dedicated to highway driving or to urban intersection crossing). Finally, user tests were carried out to support their evaluation from the end-users point of view. Thirty participants were invited to practically experience these ADAS supported by the HCAI algorithm. To increase the scope of this evaluation, driving simulator experiments were implemented among three groups of 10 participants, corresponding to three highly contrasted profiles of end-users, having respectively a positive, neutral or reluctant attitude towards vehicle automation. After having introduced the research context and presented the HCAI algorithm designed to contextually manage HMT with vehicle automation, the main results collected among these three profiles of future potential end users are presented. In brief, main findings confirm the efficiency and the effectiveness of the HCAI algorithm, its benefits regarding drivers’ satisfaction, and the high levels of acceptance, perceived utility, usability and attractiveness of this new type of “adaptive vehicle automation”.

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