scholarly journals The yield of washed fiber and performance indicators in young rams of the taurian type askanian fine fleece breed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Korbych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Fiber Yield ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Selection Breeding

Under market conditions, the increase in wool and lamb production should not only increase the livestock number, but also increase its productivity. The significant reserve is also to improve the quality of raw materials produced. The aim of the research was to identify the features of wool and meat productivity in young rams of the Taurian type Askanian fine fleece breed the taking into account an in-depth assessment of the washed fiber yield and subsequent use of the obtained data in the selection-breeding work with sheep. The young rams of the Taurian type Askanian fine fleece breed were used for research. The formed groups were characterized by low, medium and high yield of washed fiber. The results of the studies showed an advantage in all research parameters in young rams with an average yield of washed fiber. Therefore, it is proposed to direct the selection-breeding work to improve live weight and physical and mechanical properties of wool in young rams with high yields of washed fiber (more than 60.1%), which will allow to obtain more profits not only from the wool sale but from the sale of mutton, and to reject lambs with a low washed fiber yield to prevent the transmission of this trait to their offspring.

Mix Ratio Design and Performance Optimization of Vitrified Microsphere Insulating Mortar

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1639-1642
Author(s):  
Jin Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Building Insulation ◽  
Composition Materials ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Performance

Vitrified microsphere insulation mortar is a new type building insulation mortar which developed in recent years, with having the advantages of well workability, high intensity and fire prevention. But because the vitrified microsphere we use of which much exists on the defects of high dry density and bad insulation effect, it analyzed deeply kinds of factors which influence on the physical and mechanical properties of vitrified microsphere insulation mortar, making use of orthogonal experiment to optimize the composition materials of insulation mortar. The orthogonal test results show that the most influential raw materials factors to mortar insulation properties and 28d compressive strength followed by aggregate, polypropylene fiber, fly ash and latex powder.

scholarly journals Influence of complex feed additives on the meat productivity of young cattle in the conditions of Yakutia

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
A I Grigoreva ◽  
M F Grigorev ◽  
D I Stepanova ◽  
S I Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity

Abstract The paper presents the results of fattening young cattle in the conditions of Yakutia with the use of complex feed additives from local natural raw materials in their diets. One of the ways to increase the meat productivity of livestock is to optimize feeding by inserting complex feed additives into their diets. Therefore, studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of complex feed additives in the fattening of young cattle in the conditions of Yakutia. At the beginning of the experiment, the live weight of the animals in the groups did not differ much, but starting from the age of 12 months, the superiority of the animals from the experimental groups is noted. In the period of 12-15 months of age, the animals from the experimental groups exceeded the growth rate of the control group by 6.70% and 4.76%. In the period of 15-18 months old, the animals of the control group were inferior to the experimental groups by 28.31% and 16.54%. On average, the animals of the experimental groups grew more intensively in comparison with the control group by 12.73% and 8.66 %. Analysis of animal slaughter data showed that the experimental groups were superior to the control group in a number of indicators, such as the mass of the steam carcass by 8.04% and 4.43 %, the mass of visceral fat by 18.59% and 7.39%. The organoleptic evaluation of meat products also confirmed the superiority of the experimental groups over the control group. Thus, the use of complex feed additives in the feeding of young cattle on fattening showed its effectiveness.

Hulless barley in compound feed for quails

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
S. Shpуnova ◽  
O. Yadrishchenskaya ◽  
T. Selina ◽  
E. Basova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group

In recent years, the Russian poultry industry has been successfully developing because of the use of modern crosses, as well as technologies for poultry housing and feeding. The development of quail farming as an eff ective source of dietary and delicacy products is promising. One of the most important conditions for successful breeding of quails is the organization of complete feeding, which involves the use of high-quality protein and energy feed in the diets. It is very important to maximize the use of local raw materials. In this series, a special place is occupied by hulless barley, which is characterized by a reduced content of hard-to-digest fi ber, and therefore has the increased nutritional value for poultry. Therefore, it is of particular relevance to study the input of various varieties of hulless barley in the composition of compound feed for poultry. The purpose of the research was to study the infl uence of compound feed using hulless barley of Siberian selection on the meat productivity of quails. The results of the study on quails using compound feed with 10 % hulless barley have been presented in the article. It has been found that the expenditures of feed per 1 kg of live weight gain in the experimental group of quails have been higher by 3,6 % due to better assimilation of feed nutrients. The live weight of quails in the experimental group has been increased by 4,31 %, while the average daily feed intake has been increased by 0,62 %. Data from the balance experiment have shown that protein digestibility has increased by 1,81 % in the experimental group. It has been found that the use of compound feed with 10 % of hulless barley is of practical signifi cance in relation with the increase in the productivity of quails and the profi tability of meat production by 8,3 %.

scholarly journals Сhemical processing of corn head wrappers on fiber semi-finished products

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Romaniia Cheropkina ◽  
Anna Denysenko
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Fiber Axis ◽  
Chemical Processing

Non-woody plant raw materials are of scientific interest in the effective processes of their chemical processing into fibrous semi-finished products and the properties of the finished product. A feature is the study of local species of annual plants that are among the most cultivated. Therefore, scientists are increasingly experimenting with corn waste for the possibility of their use in the manufacture of paper or cardboard, the study of their properties, but the results are not always stable. Our work focuses on the use of corn waste in the form of cob wrappers and obtaining from them fibrous semi-finished products by the soda-soda method. The restraining factor of obtaining cellulose from this raw material is the variability of chemical composition, features of morphological structure, the insufficient study of delignification depending on the cost of active alkali, the influence of impregnation on this process, its duration, and temperature. Wraps in the form of chaff were boiled with a solution at the consumption of active alkali 6 %, 10 %, and 14 % in units. Na2O by mass abs. dry. raw materials for impregnation for 15 min or without impregnation and subsequent cooking at a final temperature in the range of 100 0C - 160 0C for 15 or 30 min. The semi-finished products obtained as a result of cooking were ground, samples were made and their strength indicators were determined. It should be noted that the wrappers contain about twice less lignin, about 7.5-14 %, compared to wood – 23-28 %, which led to the choice of the minimum duration of cooking. However, the semi-finished products obtained from them are difficult to grind. This pattern is partly explained by the location of fibrils in the secondary wall of the middle layer S2 at an angle of 45-500 to the fiber axis, and the direction of fibrils in adjacent layers S1 and S3 of the cell wall is opposite, which inhibits splitting into individual fibrils. It is shown that impregnation has a positive effect on the quality of raw material digestion and physical and mechanical properties. At a temperature of 130 0C for only 15 and 30 minutes of cooking with impregnation and the consumption of active alkali 14 % in units. Na2O achieved high strength of semi-finished products. Increasing the cooking temperature to 160 0C and the maximum consumption of active alkali to 14 % per unit. Na2O leads to a sharp decrease in the yield and strength of semi-finished products. This pattern is logically explained by theoretical provisions on the processes of delignification of raw materials. At the same time, the temperature and the consumption of alkali increase the destruction of the carbohydrate part, primarily its low-molecular fractions, which are responsible for the formation of strong hydrogen bonds between the fibers. The optimal conditions for delignification at a temperature of 160 0C can be considered the consumption of active alkali 10 % per unit. Na2O with impregnation and cooking time of 15 minutes and obtaining high yield cellulose. The proposed raw materials for corn cob wrappers and technological modes of its chemical processing provide the production of fibrous semi-finished products with high strength.

scholarly journals Enzyme compositions in biological processes of animals to obtain environmentally friendly products

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 03022
Author(s):  
Inna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Julia Karmatskikh ◽  
Sergey Koshelev ◽  
Vladislav Neverov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Daily Increments ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The urgency of the investigated problem is due to the fact that enzymatic compositions in the diets of agricultural mammals contribute to better digestion of nutrients, which allows increasing the rate of inexpensive raw materials ‘rich’ in anti-nutritional factors without compromising the health and productivity of the animal. The article is aimed at researching the digestibility of nutrients and the effect of enzyme compositions on the productivity of cows, and on the analysis of changes in live weight and average daily increments, slaughter and meat qualities of experimental young fattening pigs. The leading method of study is conducting scientific, economic and physiological experiments. Studies allow revealing the effects of enzyme compositions on the gastrointestinal tract microflora, which will directly affect the digestibility of nutrients and productive qualities. The digestibility ratios of feed nutrients were greater in the animals of the experimental groups receiving the enzyme compositions. In cows, milk production increased, and milk composition improved. In the experimental groups of pigs, there was an increase in live weight and average daily growth; a high yield of meat was obtained and the best ratio of meat to fat was observed. The results can be used to study metabolic processes in animals.

PSVI-15 Combined effect of C73T × C528T polymorphisms in the leptin gene with quantitative and qualitative indicators of meat productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lapshina ◽  
Vladimir Kolpakov ◽  
Kinispay Dzhulamanov ◽  
Nikolay Gerasimov ◽  
Marina Dubovskova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Combined Genotypes ◽  
Meat Productivity

Abstract The LEP is a highly polymorphicgene and it is associated with genetic differences in various productivetraits in cattle. The aim of research was to study the combined effect of C73T and C528T polymorphisms in leptin gene on meat productivity and carcass grade in Aberdeen-Angus cows and heifers. Heifers (n = 49) were slaughtered at the age of 20 months and cows (n = 30) after the first calving (3 years). There were seven haplotypes C73T (GenBank AF120500) × C528T (GenBank AB070368) identified in cows with different frequency. The maximum frequency was established in combined genotypes CT/CT (0.37), TT/CC (0.27) and CT/CC (0.13). The most massive carcasses (337.5 kg) were obtained from cows-carriers of the CT/CC haplotype, which exceeded their peers by 14.8–24.7 kg (4.59–7.90%; P >0.05). However, cows carrying the CT/CC genotype had a minimum carcass yield of 49.8%. There were eight haplotypes identified in heifers. The highest frequency was in combinations CT/CT (0.26), TT/CC (0.20), CC/TT (0.20), CC/CT (0.12), TT/CT (0.10). Heifers carrying the TT/CT genotype were characterized by the highest live weight (568.9 kg) and carcass weight (331.2 kg), exceeding the indicators of peers by 8.9–43.5 kg (1.59–8.28%; P < 0.05, P > 0.05) and 10.9–22.2 kg (3.40–7.18%; P < 0.05, P > 0.05), respectively. The maximum carcass yield was recorded in carriers of the CT/CC haplotype (60.7%). The best carcasses grade were observedin heifers with a combination of CC/TT and CT/CT genotypes. The highest categories (Prime and TopChoice) were assigned to 70.0 and 69.2% of carcasses, respectively. The superiority of haplotype CT/CT in the quality of meat raw materials was confirmed in cows. Thus, the combination of C73T and C528T polymorphisms in the leptin gene is associated with intra-breed variability in live weight, carcass weight and yield, and carcass grade in Aberdeen-Angus cattle. This research was performed with financial support from the project 0526-2021-0001 of RAS.

scholarly journals Use of iodine and selenium enriched fodder rations for production of fortified young lamb

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
T. M. Giro ◽  
A. V. Molchanov ◽  
A. N. Kozin ◽  
A. V. Giro ◽  
E. V. Fat’yanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Meat Productivity

The article is devoted to preventive measures to eliminate the problem of dysmicroelementosis in order to increase the productivity of young sheep. The article presents the results of studies of the influence of feeding rations on the growth and development of young sheep of the Edilbaev breed, on the level of their meat productivity and the qualitative characteristics of biologically fortified lamb. Feed additives based on Yoddar-Zn and DAFS-25 were added to the main ration of lambs at the age of four months, once a day, being added into a fodder mixture with concentrates. For the experiment the herd of lambs was divided to four groups of 25 heads each.The changes in live weight at the age of four, five, six and seven months were analyzed, and it was found that at the age of seven months, the absolute average weight gain in the experimental groups varied from 3.45 kg to 4.49 kg, in the control group it was 3.1 kg, while the largest live weight gain was recorded in group III which received both feed additives based on Yoddar-Zn and DAFS-25.There were no significant differences in the parameters of body measurements, with the exception of group III, where the chest circumference increased by 7.2%, and the height of a lamb at the withers increased in average by 8.1%. It was found that group III had the highest meat density coefficient, equal to 3.9, and the cross-sectional area of m. Longissimus dorsi was equal to 13.61 cm2. It was noted that the amount of free amino acids of the lamb group III is 18.8% higher than the meat of the control group. The lamb obtained from the animals of the experimental groups showed a higher protein content and less fat. The ratio of water to protein in all samples was slightly higher than 3.7, which corresponds to the Federa number for meat raw materials. Enriching the rations of the Edilbaevskoy sheep with feed additives Yoddar-Zn and DAFS-25 promotes the stimulation of growth and development of animals, increases the productivity and nutritional value of lamb.

Evaluation of germ plasm for resistant to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Wuye Ria Andayanie
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Yields

Soybean superior varieties with high yields and are resistant to abiotic stress have been largely released, although some varieties grown in the field are not resistant to SMV. In addition, the opportunity to obtain lines of hope as prospective varieties with high yield and resistance to SMV is very small. The method for evaluating soybean germplasm is based on serological observations of 98 accessions of leaf samples from SMV inoculation with T isolate. The evaluation results of 98 accessions based on visual observations showed 31 genotypes reacting very resistant or healthy to mild resistant category to SMV T isolate  with a percentage of symptom severity of 0 −30 %. Among 31 genotypes there are 2 genotypes (PI 200485; M8Grb 44; Mlg 3288) with the category of visually very resistant and resistant, respectively and  Mlg 3288  with the category of mild resistant.  They have a good agronomic appearance with a weight of 100 seeds (˃10 g) and react negatively with polyclonal antibodies to SMV, except Mlg 3288 reaction is not consistent, despite the weight of 100 seeds (˃ 10 g). Leaf samples from 98 accessions revealed various symptoms of SMV infection in the field. This diversity of symptoms is caused by susceptibility to accession, when infection occurs, and environmental factors. Keywords—: soybean; genotipe; Soybean mosaic virus (SMV); disease severity; polyclonal  antibody

Local mineral feed additives in the rations of steers of Hereford breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
M. Grigoryev ◽  
N. Chernogradskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Mineral Feed Additives

Animals imported to Yakutia from other regions fall into feeding and housing conditions that differ from their usual agro-climatic conditions, which causes the problem of their adaptation. Yakutia is one of the areas where the feed of its own production has a lack of basic minerals, which affects the health and productivity of animals, which has an additional negative influence on the adaptation process of imported cattle. In order to replenish macro- and microelements in the body, it is necessary to introduce various local mineral feed additives, premixes, and use mineral salts into the ration. Under the conditions of Central Yakutia the influence of local mineral feed additives (zeolite of the Khonguruu Deposit in the Suntar district and sapropels of local lakes) containing macro- and microelements that increase the meat productivity of steers has been studied. As a result of the research the influence of local mineral feed additives on meat productivity and physiological condition of Hereford steers has been established. Influence of zeolite and sapropel in a complex with mineral salts on digestibility of nutrients of the ration and use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus by experimental animals has been defined. The influence of feed additives on the quality of meat products has been studied. The results have shown that the use of local mineral feed additives in the composition of ration of steers during the fattening period at a dose of 0,7 g zeolite per 1 kg of live weight of the animal and 200 g of sapropel in combination with 10 g of mineral salts contributed to the gain in live weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, yield of edible parts, and economic efficiency of fattening. For the entire period of the experiment the gain in live weight in groups was: in control group 2222,9 kg, in the 1st experimental group 2396,2 kg, in the 2nd experimental group 2471,1 kg. The total economic effect for the 1st experimental group for the period of experiment amounted to 44,3 thousand Rubles, for the 2nd experimental group 78,0 thousand Rubles or per 1 head/day 14,06 and 24,76 Rubles, respectively.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СТАД СКОТА СИММЕНТАЛЬСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ ПО МОЛОЧНОЙ И МЯСНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. SIVKIN ◽  
N.V. STREKOZOV ◽  
V.I. CHINAROV
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Group I ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Meat Type

В симментальской породе предусматривается разведение скота, сбалансировано сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность. Однако в практике совершенствования племенных стад в подборах быков доминируют улучшатели удоя, что во многом предопределяет результаты селекции и продуктивный тип животных. Объектом нашего исследования стало стадо чистопородного симментальского скота в условиях стойловой системы беспривязного и привязного содержания коров. Для изучения эффективности использования быков-производителей разного племенного достоинства сформировали 2 опытные группы: I состояла из бычков, полученных от отцов с племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою 100 кг и более, а во II с ПЦ от 0 до 100 кг молока. Симментальские бычки, отобранные для контрольного убоя, достигали весовых кондиций 500 кг и более в 17,5 мес при среднесуточном приросте 911 г. При использовании на маточном поголовье быков-производителей с улучшающим эффектом по удою 100 кг и более, их сыновья (I группа), на фоне более высоких суточных приростов (на 30 г) и раннем возрасте достижения живой массы 500 кг (на 18 дней) имели массу и выход туши на 21,4 кг и 2,7 ниже, чем у бычков II группы. При формировании молочно-мясного типа быки-производители с умеренной племенной ценностью по удою обеспечивали получение потомства, сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность в экономически значимых пропорциях.The Simmental breed provides for the breeding of cattle that combines milk and meat productivity in a balanced proportion. However, in the practice of improving breeding herds, the selection of bulls is dominated by milk yield improvers, which largely determines the results of selection and the productive type of animals. The object of our research was a breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle in variety feeding and housing practices. To study the effectiveness of using bulls-producers of different breeding values, 2 experimental groups were formed: I consisted of bulls received from fathers with a breeding value (BV) of milk yield 100 kg or more, and II with a BV from 0 to 100 kg of milk. Simmental bulls selected for control slaughter reached weight standards of 500 kg or more in 17.5 months with an average daily increase of 911 g. When used on breeding of bulls with an improving effect on the yield of 100 kg or more, their sons (group I), against the background of higher daily gains (30 g) and an early age of reaching a live weight of 500 kg (18 days), had a mass and carcass yield of 21.4 kg and 2.7 lower than that of group II bulls. When forming a dairy-meat type, producing bulls with a moderate breeding value for milk yield provided for the production of offspring that combined dairy and meat productivity in economically significant proportions.

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