scholarly journals Self-assessment by doctors and patients of their adherence to a healthy lifestyle and their readiness to modify behavioral risk factors of cardiovascular diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
G.Z. Moroz ◽  
I.M. Hydzynska ◽  
T.S. Lasitsya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Unhealthy Behavior

Background. Poor adherence to risk factor behaviors management increases the risk for a further cardiac event. Unfortunately, poor adherence to behaviors recommended in lifestyle interventions is widespread, particularly over the long-term; thus, the “adherence problem” represents a significant challenge to the effectiveness of these interventionsObjective: The goal of the trial was the assessment of patient’s and physician’s attitude to a healthy lifestyle and evaluation of their stage of readiness for change in dealing with unhealthy behavior with the goal of cardiovascular disease risk factors modification particularly smoking cessation, physical activity, healthy dietMethods: We performed a poll of 158 patients who visited the outpatient clinic of the State Institution of Sciences “Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine” State Administrative Department with the purpose of preventive services and of 65 physicians – employees of our clinic – about their adherence to healthy lifestyle habits. As the determination of the readiness to deal with an unhealthy behavior allows making individualized preventive counseling, we used a special questionnaire for standardizing approaches to determining the stage of change of three major behavioral risk factors of cardiovascular diseases – smoking, unhealthy diet, and low level of physical activity. The readiness to change was identified according to the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Behavior Change. The results of physicians questionnaire (n=65) were compared to the results of patients questionnaire (n=158). Results. Most of the participants – 87,3±2,6 % of patients and 93,6±3,1 % of physicians – were non-smokers. Only 26,6±3,5 % of patients and 20,6±5,1 % of physicians reported following a healthful diet and only 8,9±2,3% of patients and 20,6±5,1 % of physicians perform regular physical activity. The prevalence of optimal level of physical activity among physicians was significantly higher (p<0,05). 72,5± 6,3 % of physicians were on action stage in the matter of healthy diet and 74±6,2 % – in the matter of physical activity regimen, it was significantly higher (р < 0,05) that among patients – 45,7±4,6 % and 41,0±4,1% respectively. Conclusions: Our findings highlight poor adherence to healthy lifestyle habits among physicians and patients, especially in the matter of healthy eating and optimal level of physical activity, and needs for targeted strategies that improve long-term adherence to health behaviors and enhance physician’s knowledge about lifestyle-based health promotion interventions.

scholarly journals The association between informal caregiving and behavioral risk factors: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Gottschalk ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
Christian Brettschneider
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare informal caregivers/dementia caregivers to non-caregivers regarding alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, obesity, and insufficient physical activity and to identify caregiving-related factors (caregiving intensity, length of caregiving, relationship to the care recipient, and type of caregiving task) which are associated with behavioral risk factors in caregivers/dementia caregivers. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we performed the statistical analyses applying logistic regression models and accounted for confounding using the entropy balancing approach. Results For caregivers (n = 12,044), the odds of overweight/obesity and smoking were higher (OR = 1.14/1.34, p < 0.05) and the odds of binge drinking and insufficient physical activity were lower (OR = 0.86/0.83, p < 0.05) than for non-caregivers (n = 45,925). For dementia caregivers, results point in the same direction. Caregiving-related variables tend to influence the likelihood of behavioral risk factors, but depending on the kind of factor considered, in different directions. Conclusions Being a caregiver is associated with risky and health-promoting behavior. However, the effects are relatively low. Future studies should study potential pathways between caregiving characteristics, psychological impacts of caregiving, health behavior, and mental or physical health.

scholarly journals Effective Model of Public Health Formation

2018 ◽  
pp. 411-414
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Capital Development

The article considers the demographic and epidemiological grounds for evolutionary transition from the economics of medical care to the public health economics; the methodology for the formation of an effective strategy of public health promotion in Russia; the modern concepts of the economy of public health; and data, calculated on this basis, such as the Human Capital Development Index, Human Development Index and the ratings of the Russian Federation in these international indices. The analysis of models of public health and the most important factors, determining the health of population (lifestyle, heredity, ecology, medicine) were presented. Also, the most significant risk factors of mortality of the Russian Federation population were considered, among which the behavioral risk factors, associated with the way of life of population, were defined. On this basis, the strategy for reduction of behavioral risk factors and for promotion of healthy lifestyle of population was formulated. The analysis of the features of State Program of the Russian Federation "Health Development" for 2013-2020, and the new program, having the same name, was carried out. These programs are connected with the development of prevention and the formation of healthy lifestyle of population (HLS) in the country. In addition, the regional targeted programs for the prevention of diseases, the formation of healthy lifestyle, and their social results were studied. The effectiveness of a comprehensive intersectoral approach to the formation of healthy lifestyle of population in the regions of Russia in modern conditions was substantiated.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Obesity in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
M. Zamboriova ◽  
L. Dimunova ◽  
J. Buckova ◽  
I. Nagyova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: The aim of this research is to identify behavioral risk factors in patients with cardiovascular diseases with a focus on obesity. Design: Descriptive study. Participants: The sample group consisted of 878 patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods: Clinical, laboratory parameters and a questionnaire focused on identifying behavioral risk factors of one ́s lifestyle. Data processing through descriptive and inductive statistics. Results:The mean BMI is 29.39 (± SD 4.69). The results show that 355 (40.2%) patients have obesity and we identified overweight as a precursor to obesity in 377 (42.93%) patients. We found deficiencies in behavioral risk factors (smoking, al- cohol consumption, nutrition, physical activity) in all patients. A significant relationship was confirmed between smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity. Conclusion: The results of our research suggest that there is a need to improve primary and secondary prevention inpa- tients, healthcare professionals and government policy.

scholarly journals Behavioral Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases Among Medical and Nonmedical Undergraduate Students of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Rajib Mondal ◽  
Rajib Chandra Sarker ◽  
Palash Chandra Banik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and aims: Behavioral risk factors of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are established during early age and continued into adulthood. In Bangladesh, the scenario of NCD risk factors among students was inadequately studied. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the prevalence of behavioral risk factors of NCDs between undergraduate medical and nonmedical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 undergraduate students (equal number of students from medical and nonmedical backgrounds). Respondents were selected purposively from 5 purposively-selected institutions. Modified WHO STEPS instrument was used for data collection. Respondents were asked about their behavioral risk factors (tobacco use, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, inadequate physical activity, and alcohol consumption) by face-to-face interviews. Results: Men students were more in both groups. The mean age of the medical and nonmedical students was 22.1±2.0 and 21.8±1.9 years, respectively. Tobacco use was more among nonmedical students than that among the counterpart (22.1% vs. 15.7%). Medical students were more used to take insufficient fruits and vegetables compared to nonmedical students (97.9% vs. 93.6%). Equal proportions (71.4%) of students in both groups were used to perform inadequate physical activity. Alcohol consumption was observed more among nonmedical students (12.9% vs. 8.6%). Conclusion: Behavioral risk factors of NCDs were remarkable among students of both groups, mainly among nonmedical students.

scholarly journals Oncology and Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Underrated Relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1810
Author(s):  
E. Venturini ◽  
G. Iannuzzo ◽  
A. D’Andrea ◽  
M. Pacileo ◽  
L. Tarantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are globally the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. These conditions are closely related, beyond that of sharing many risk factors. The term bidirectional relationship indicates that cardiovascular diseases increase the likelihood of getting cancer and vice versa. The biological and biochemical pathways underlying this close relationship will be analyzed. In this new overlapping scenario, physical activity and exercise are proven protective behaviors against both cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Many observational studies link an increase in physical activity to a reduction in either the development or progression of cancer, as well as to a reduction in risk in cardiovascular diseases, a non-negligible cause of death for long-term cancer survivors. Exercise is an effective tool for improving cardio-respiratory fitness, quality of life, psychological wellbeing, reducing fatigue, anxiety and depression. Finally, it can counteract the toxic effects of cancer therapy. The protection obtained from physical activity and exercise will be discussed in the various stages of the cancer continuum, from diagnosis, to adjuvant therapy, and from the metastatic phase to long-term effects. Particular attention will be paid to the shelter against chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cardiovascular risk factors or new onset cardiovascular diseases. Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation is an exercise-based multi-component intervention, starting from the model of Cardiac Rehabilitation, with few modifications, to improve care and the prognosis of a patient’s cancer. The network of professionals dedicated to Cardiac Rehabilitation is a ready-to-use resource, for implementing Cardio-Oncology Rehabilitation.

Influence of production and behavioral risk factors on health disorders in employees of locomotive crews

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 694-700
Author(s):  
Elena A. Zhidkova ◽  
Ekaterina M. Gutor ◽  
Mikhail F. Vilk ◽  
Vera B. Pankova ◽  
Gennadij G. Onishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Health Disorders

Preserving the working longevity of locomotive crew employees is one of the priority tasks of Russian Railways. The urgency of the problem is related to both the medical aspects of railway traffic safety and the importance of preserving human capital. The aim of study is to research the influence of occupational and behavioral risk factors on health disorders in drivers and their assistants. The study included the results of a survey of 9308 employees of locomotive crews on the presence of production and behavioral risk factors for health disorders, as well as on the presence of cases of temporary disability, hospitalization or unscheduled medical care in the previous year. Additionally, the results of clinical and laboratory studies were studied. Noise exposure is the main production factor affecting the unscheduled attendance of locomotive crew employees to the doctor, the number of cases of temporary disability and hospitalization. Only 13% of respondents have a high level of commitment to a healthy lifestyle. Among employees who are not exposed to industrial noise, the number of people who have a high commitment to a healthy lifestyle is 2 times higher than among those who complain about the presence of an acoustic factor. The main differences in adherence to a healthy lifestyle between people who have and do not have complaints about the negative impact of the sound factor are related to alcohol abuse (1.4 times more often used by people working in conditions of noise exposure), frequent use of semi-finished products and fatty foods (1.2 times more often). Among people exposed to industrial noise, a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m2 is 1.5 times more common than in people who do not have noise exposure. The frequency of occurrence of blood pressure is more than 130/80 mm Hg. and blood cholesterol more than 5 mmol/l, respectively, is 1.9 and 2.2 times higher in individuals with intra-cab acoustic load, compared with those without. An increase in the number of cases of temporary disability, hospitalization, and unscheduled visits to a doctor in people who report exposure to noise in the driver's cab may be associated with both occupational and behavioral factors: alcohol consumption, poor nutrition, and a high proportion of people with a BMI exceeding 25 kg/m2.

Risks of health disorders in pedagogical, medical workers and preventive measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 833-840
Author(s):  
Evgeniy A. Bayimakov ◽  
Irena A. Mishkich ◽  
Olga I. Yushkova ◽  
Anna V. Zajtseva ◽  
Khristina T. Oniani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
General Physical ◽  
High Level

The formation of a healthy lifestyle and a healthy lifestyle in the work of various activities, developing a program that includes appropriate measures to correct the functional state of employees of nervous and emotional labor, is currently one of the essential areas of occupational health. The study aims to assess the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for health disorders and the effectiveness of measures to correct overstrain in pedagogical and medical workers, depending on the personal level of anxiety. The researchers conducted comprehensive physiological and hygienic studies. We described behavioral risk factors, awareness of health-saving issues based on a questionnaire (346 teachers), a professional graphical assessment of the intensity of efforts. Psychophysical studies help to study the states of various functions of the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system, psychological testing, and general physical performance (GPP) according to the RWC170 test when evaluating the implemented model of motor activity and assess the effectiveness of relaxation in the shungite room. We performed static processing of the data obtained using statistical programs EpiInfo 3.5.2., Statistica 10, Microsoft Excel 2010 using adequate methods of statistical analysis. The study of the prevalence of the factors risky cheek of life for the health of teachers revealed insufficient physical activity (61.1% (95% CI 54.7-67.2)), inadequate sleep duration (46.1% (95% CI 40.0-52.4)), eating disorders (16.2% (95% CI 11.9-21.5)) tobacco smoking (15.8% (95% CI 11.5-20.9)). The developed and implemented regime, which increases the volume of motor activity to 8-9 hours a week instead of 3-4 hours, contributed to an increase in resistance to stress effects, a decrease in the percentage of identified teachers with a low level of physical fitness. A high degree of nervous and emotional tension in the work of general practitioners, the possibility of infection with COVID-19 leads to the formation of a high level of anxiety in a significant part (63.7-72.2%) of medical workers, which indicates the purposefulness of a psychological correction measure. The conducted production studies have shown the usefulness of using in programs for correcting the functional conformity of pedagogical and medical workers, an increase in motor activity using physical culture and sports, and relaxation in the shungite room.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document