scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF RESOURCE SAVING AND INNOVATIVE DIRECTIONS OF THEIR SOLUTIONS IN THE CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (74) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
E. Krivenko ◽  
A. Kocharyan ◽  
V. Tigranyan ◽  
N. Mirzebalaeva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Cocoa Shell

The rational use of cocoa beans as the main raw material in the production of chocolate products is an important and complex problem in the field of resource conservation facing the confectionery industry. One of the main directions of its solution is innovative technologies for the integrated use of cocoa beans, including the processing of their shell-cocoa shell, which has become a new product of confectionery production. Its acquisition contributes to improving the efficiency of the enterprise on the basis of resource-efficient technologies. This resource efficiency technology allows the production of confectionery products of the highest quality while maintaining an affordable pricing policy for the consumer and the enterprise. And also this rational use of raw materials for confectionery production contributes to ensuring environmental safety and improving the financial and economic condition of the enterprise.

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of leaching of metals from ore raw materials

2018 ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
V.I. Lyashenko ◽  
F.F. Topolnyi ◽  
G.D. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Industrial Buildings

Purpose. Improving the efficiency of leaching of metals from ore raw materials by justifying the parameters of underground mining and the introduction of integrated technology in combination with geotechnology, ensuring the rational use, protection of the subsurface and the environment during the development of reserves by combined geotechnological methods. Metology. The methods of generalization, analysis and evaluation of practical experience and scientific achievements in the field of geotechnology, theory and practice of explosive destruction of solid media, continuum mechanics, mathematical statistics, as well as research techniques of wave processes according to standard and new techniques of the leading experts of the world's advanced mining countries are described. Findings. The factors determining the leaching efficiency of metal ores, environmental and seismic safety are established and the parameters of the explosion are justified taking into account the size of an average linear piece of exploded ore mass, the area of an emanating surface and the seismic safety of protected objects (industrial buildings, residential buildings, the Ingul river underflow, Kropivnitsky, etc.). Originality. Recommended empirical dependence for the prediction of the oscillation speed on the reduced mass of charge per deceleration step in the explosive preparation of ore for underground leaching of metals for the field conditions of the form y = a ∙ b also the value of the permissible displacement rate of the soil at the base of the protected objects = 0.4 cm / s. Practical value. When non-conforming ores of deposits are involved in the production, their raw material base at operating mines can be increased 1.4–1.6 times. Keywords: mining technology, underground mining, metal leaching, environmental safety, efficiency.

Resource-Saving Technologies in the Thermal Insulation-Structural Foam Glass Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
O.V. Kuznetsova ◽  
N.D. Yatsenko ◽  
A.I. Subbotin ◽  
M.Yu. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Structural Foam ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Research Areas

The modern building materials market places high demands on heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural materials. In this connection, the issues of developing high-quality building materials obtained on the resource-saving technologies basis allowing to solve two interrelated problems are topical. The first problem is the industrial waste generated and existing stocks disposal. The second is associated with a decrease in the traditional raw materials deficit [1]. These problems solution, combining rational technological solutions, is based on the scientific research achievements in this area, in particular in the foam glass production. The priority scientific research areas in the foam glass materials production are the developments related to the study, the new raw materials use and the production of foam glass mixture compositions on their basis, which provide, along with the necessary performance properties, high environmental safety requirements [2, 3].

scholarly journals Ultrasound Drying of Rose Hips: a Process Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Elena Verboloz ◽  
Marina Ivanova ◽  
Vera Demchenko ◽  
Sergey Fartukov ◽  
Nikita Evona
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
State Standard ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Drying Time

Introduction. Rose hips are rich in macro- and micronutrients. Unfortunately, heat treatment destroys most nutrients. Ultrasonic technologies make it possible to reduce the drying time and lower the temperature regime. The research objective was to adjust ultrasound technology to rose hip production in order to reduce the loss of vitamins and improve the quality indicators of the dried product. Study objects and methods. The research featured rose hips of the Rosa canina species collected in the south of Kazakhstan. This subspecies of wild rose is poor in vitamin C. Nevertheless, this shrub is extremely common in Russia and other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The raw material was dried according to standard methods. One group of samples was treated with ultrasound, while the other served as control. Both groups underwent a sensory evaluation and were tested for moisture and vitamin C. Results and discussion. The rose hips were dried in a combination steam oven with a built-in ultrasonic wave generator. The research revealed the following optimal parameters of the ultrasound drying process: frequency of ultrasonic vibrations – 22 kHz, processing time – 2.5 h, temperature in the combination steam oven – +56°C, initial moisture content – 30%. The resulting product met the requirements of State Standard. The loss of moisture was 57%. According to State Standard 1994-93, the initial moisture content should be 15% or less. Time decreased from 360 min to 160 min, and the initial moisture was 13%. The experiment confirmed the initial hypothesis that ultrasonic treatment improves the drying process by improving quality indicators and preserving vitamin C in raw materials using. Conclusion. Ultrasound treatment during moisture removal from rose hips provides a resource-saving technology that fulfills an economically and socially important function.

scholarly journals Assessing the possibility of using dry concentration for oxidized pegmatite and granites at the Kedrovoe feldspar deposit

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Buzunova ◽  
◽  
Varvara N. Shigaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Flotation Reagents ◽  
Feldspar Concentrate ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Concentration Methods ◽  
Tailings Ponds

Introduction. Feldspar raw material is a natural source of silica, alumina, and alkali metal oxides. Each type of feldspar is distinguished by its applications and concentration methods. The main effective method of feldspar raw material concentration is flotation in the course of which the majority of harmful impurities are separated. However, this method is rather costly due to flotation reagents purchase, tailings ponds organization and maintenance, etc. Research relevance. Feldspar dry concertation technologies are promising in terms of resource-saving but uncommon. So, the development of a dry concertation technology for feldspar raw materials seems highly relevant. Research objective is to study the possibility of employing dry concentration technology to process feldspar raw materials at the new Kedrovoe deposit Methods of research. Laboratory equipment of JSC Uralmekhanobr was used for the research, namely centrifugal crusher DC-0.5; centrifugal deflection mill; laboratory-scale cascade classifier; dry electromagnetic separator SMS-20M ITOMAK, and tribo electrostatic separator. Results. The trials confirmed that it is possible to process Kedrovoe feldspar raw materials by dry methods and effectively use centrifugal crushing and grinding as preparation of raw materials for concentration. Feldspar concentrate with a mass fraction of Fe2O3 – 0.30%; SiO2 – 69.42%; Al2O3 – 17.36%; K2O + Na2O – 11.84% has been obtained, which meets the specifications. Conclusions. The technological studies confirmed the possibility in principle of using feldspar raw material dry concentration for oxidized pegmatite and granites of the Kedrovoe deposit at the processing plant of Malyshevskoe Ore Management JSC. Saleable feldspar concentrate has been obtained.

Innovative Approaches to the Management of Commercial and Economic Activities of Environmental Enterprise - “Spicy Pack”

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1664
Author(s):  
Valentyna ARANCHIY ◽  
Ilona YASNOLOB ◽  
Nataliia DEMIANENKO ◽  
Oleksandr BEZKROVNYI ◽  
Olena MYKHAILOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Material Type ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The comparison of eco-friendliness of paper packaging materials from wood and alternative raw materials (straw, fallen leaves, etc.) with polyethylene packaging was made. The analysis was conducted according to the following criteria: consumption of raw materials, electricity, rubbish formation, and price of selling products. Advantages and drawbacks of each raw material type were characterized. It has been mentioned that polymers make a considerable and increasing part in manufacturing packaging materials. The prospects of producing paper bags from leaves and their sales prices were analyzed. The terms of degradation of packages made from different materials were analyzed. The conclusion has been made that paper from fallen leaves is not cheap, but it is important considering its environmental safety.  SWOT analysis of “Spicy pack” enterprise’s activity was analyzed (it will be engaged in manufacturing spicy packages for food products from innovative raw materials). The expediency of making spicy packages for food products was substantiated. In particular, ‘Spicy pack” logo consisting of only eco-paper (made from fallen leaves) and spices was suggested. Such packaging will help prolong 4 times food products’ suitability.  Such spices as cloves, rosemary, oregano, curcuma, and sage having antiseptic properties will be added to packages and napkins. These products will be reused for two-three weeks, then spices vanish, and the paper can be processed.

Coated Rods for Brazing Structures Used in High Safety Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 1128 ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Florina Binchiciu ◽  
Traian Fleşer ◽  
Ionelia Voiculescu ◽  
Aurelia Binchiciu
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Diffusible Hydrogen ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Residual Elements ◽  
Brazed Joints ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
General Standard ◽  
Made In

The paper presents research made in order to assure additional conditions, compared to those in the general standard, to brazing rods, in order to guarantee safety for the environment and for the brazed joints, against corrosion and embrittlement, in high risk conditions. Environmental safety is ensured by limiting the amount, at 0.25% in depositions, of dangerous residual elements at: Cd<0.1%; Hg<0.1%; Pb<0.1%; Cr<0.1%; As<0.1%. The safety of structures against corrosion is provided by the alloying level of deposits and by neutralizing the coat’s activity. The structure safety towards the embrittlement of brazed joints is ensured by limiting the content of embrittling elements, namely: Sb+Fe+Bi at a maximum of 0.3% and the content of diffusible hydrogen at maximum 5 cm3/100g raw material and by limiting the coat humidity at maximum 10%. The experiments were performed to ensure the set out requirements by following the selection of raw materials on the input criteria of prohibited chemicals, reducing the water content from the elements that make up the coat and by diminishing it’s hygroscopicity by neutralizing it. Prescribing additional conditions has an effect on manufacturing costs, which requires productivity increase at brazing, diminishing work temperature, increasing the moistening capacity of products, reducing the smoke level, effects pursued by the research.

Building Ecomaterials Based on Secondary Raw Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 916-921
Author(s):  
Mihail Gerasimovich Bruyako ◽  
L. Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Mineral raw natural resources are not unlimited. Preservation of such non-renewable resources is the most urgent task of mankind. The development of non-waste technologies, the integrated use of secondary raw materials, which simultaneously reduces environmental damage - one of the ways to solve environmental problems. Utilization of wastes makes it possible to solve issues of environmental protection as well as resource saving. In the light of environmental requirements, building materials based on recycled materials, including cellulose-containing solid waste, have significant advantages over other traditional materials. Development of technology for obtaining new effective environmentally safe composite highly filled materials based on cellulose-containing solid household waste for the production of construction products is a rational link in solving the general problem of improving the environmental situation. In the article there are three main ways of combining gypsum binder with cellulose-containing solid household waste. Investigations were carried out on the effect of changing the ratio of cardboard / gypsum binder, specific pressing pressure, sequence of combination of components on the properties of the final product. The strength of the material was determined from the values of the flexural strength, the compression to complete destruction of the sample, and at 10% deformation. Studies have been carried out to increase moisture resistance. The results showed that the most optimal way of combining is the 2 way. The increase in moisture resistance is significantly enhanced by the action of organosilicon hydrophobisers.

scholarly journals Prospective areas of research in the field of production and processing of livestock products

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
M.I. Slozhenkina ◽  
◽  
I.F. Gorlov ◽  
Aliresa Seidavi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Livestock Products

Aim. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the problem of increasing the efficiency of using the genetic potential of agricultural animals and birds in specific agroecological conditions of the south of the Russian Federation to increase the production of high-quality meat, dairy and poultry products. Material and Methods. The research was conducted using analysis of statistical materials, compari-son method, analogy and systematization, analysis and comparison of empirical material. Discussion. Application of the achievements of advanced science in the field of studying the complex molecular genetic structure, genetic variation, and detailed characterization of populations of breeds of farm animals and birds bred in certain geographical and climatic conditions is an im-portant area of animal husbandry. Scientific research involves the creation of resource-saving tech-nologies aimed at the expansion and rational use of genetic farm animals and birds bred in the southern territories of the Russian Federation, the development of mechanisms and methods to in-crease the efficiency of production and processing of livestock products, including production of functional food products based on regional raw materials. The novelty of the development in this di-rection lies in the fact that such detailed studies of the characteristics of genetic resources in Russian livestock and poultry farming, with the involvement of famous foreign scientists, are carried out on the basis of scientifically based approaches, methods and mechanisms for improving adaptive abili-ties productive animals and birds, breeding and their rational use in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, using modern molecular genetic methods, with the introduction of new ap-proaches to create optimal zoo-hygienic conditions for feeding and keeping will be carried out for the first time. Conclusion. The planned research is primarily aimed at obtaining high-quality food products, in-cluding functional ones, based on regional dairy, meat and poultry raw materials.

scholarly journals The main ecological aspects of the complex processing of natural phosphate raw material

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Kochetkov S.P. ◽  
Bryl S.V.
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Phosphate Raw Material ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Decomposition

In the Russian Federation a unique phenomenon of nature as the reserves of phosphate raw materials and reserves of associated components are Apatite-nepheline ores of the Khibiny Deposit, located in the Central part of the Kola Peninsula. The main consumer of this raw material are the plants basic chemistry, processing of Apatite in a wet-process phosphoric acid sulfuric acid decomposition (the city of Cherepovets, Balakovo, the resurrection, etc.). This gives a dihydrate or hemihydrate wet-process phosphoric acid, and piecework output of dry phosphogypsum is 4 to 6 t per 1 t Apatite, depending on the ratio therein of CaO/P2O5 and the method of obtaining. The problem of disposing of chemical wastes are illustrated by various examples. Provides a conclusion on the feasibility of processing into fertilizer of phosphate raw materials, and scarce Apatite – to obtain construction materials. First developed a fundamentally new, environmentally friendly technology to produce phosphoric and complex fertilizers on the basis of wet mechanical activation of the phosphate. Methods have been pilot tested in the experimental shop at Moscow Production Association «Phosphate» (Voskresensk) using (0.3 t/h) and industry – to Estimate povorotniki (Aksai) (1.0 t/h) on the basis of vibrating mills. The implementation of methods obtained new types of fertilizers: granular and suspended mechanically activated phosphates and ammophosphate. It is concluded that from the point of view of environmental safety and economic feasibility of fertilizer phosphate should be recycled raw materials, and scarce Apatite should be directed to the production of construction materials oncooking phosphate with the simultaneous extraction and recovery of rare earth elements.

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